Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mucociliary Clearance ; Nasal Mucosa ; diagnostic imaging ; physiology ; Radioimmunoassay ; Radioisotopes ; Radionuclide Imaging

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; surgery ; Tongue ; surgery ; Uvula ; surgery

Objective To evaluate the CT findings of pancreatic carcinoid tumors.Methods The CT imaging data of five patients with pancreatic carcinoid tumors confirmed by pathology were retrospectively analyzed.Results The tumors ranged in maximum diameter from 2.0 to 11.0 cm with a mean of 6.4 cm. On unenhanced CT,the tumors were slightly hypodense relative to the pancreatic parenchyma,homogenous in 2 cases,and heterogenous in 3 cases.One tumor showed calcification.After contrast material injection, the solid component of the tumor showed marked heterogenous enhancement on the arterial phase scanning in 3 cases,and mild heterogenous enhancement in 2 cases.The degree of tumor enhancement was less intense than the surrounding pancreatic parenchyma due to necrosis of various degree,which led to the cystic appearance of the tumor in 1 ease.On the portal phase scanning,all tumors showed marked enhancement similar to that of the pancreatic parenchyma.On the delayed phase scanning,the degree of enhancement was more intense than the surrounding pancreatic parenchyma in 1 case.Liver metastases with retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy and peripancreatic vessels invasion were seen in 1 case.No dilatation of the biliary tract or pancreatic duct was present.Conclusion The CT features of pancreatic carcinoid tumors included infrequent dilatation of the biliary tract or pancreatic duct and unusual vascular involvement,calcification within the mass,marked enhancement similar to that of the surrounding pancreatic parenchyma during the portal phase scanning and more intense during the delayed phase scanning.

OBJECTIVETo detect the expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) protein and mRNA in bile duct carcinomas and the adjacent tissues and to elucidate its role in bile duct carcinogenesis.

METHODSThe expression of hTERT protein and hTERT mRNA in the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens of 71 cases of bile duct cancers and 39 cases of adjacent tissues was detected by streptavidin-peroxidase immunostaining and in situ hybridization. The correlation was analysed statistically between the expression of hTERT protein and mRNA and clinicopathological parameters bile duct carcinomas.

RESULTSThe positive rate of hTERT protein expression and mRNA expression in malignant specimens was 78.9% (56/71) and 67.6% (48/71), while that in the adjacent tissues was 35.9% (14/39) and 23.1% (9/39), respectively. All the positive signals were found in the hyperplastic biliary epithelia. No significant correlation was established between hTERT expression and clinicopathological parameters.

CONCLUSIONhTERT gene transcription and protein expression is most likely involved in the proliferation and malignant transformation of bile epithelia and the malignant progression of bile duct carcinomas. The detection of hTERT expression may serve elucidating the carcinogenesis of bile duct.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bile Duct Neoplasms ; enzymology ; pathology ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Middle Aged ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; Telomerase ; analysis ; genetics

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental ; drug therapy ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVETo study effects of hypericin associated with light irradiation on human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma strain Hep-2.

METHODSUsing techniques of tumor cells culture in vitro, Hep-2 cells were exposed to different concentration hypericin as 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 5.0 microg/ml, then 10 minutes 7.5 J/cm2 light irradiation was given after an hour. Other groups Hep-2 culture cells were also exposed to different concentration hypericin as 5.0, 10.0, 20.0, 25.0 microg/ml, without light irradiation. In all groups, contrast groups were set up. And 48 hours later, growth characteristics of Hep-2 cells were studied by morphological observation, fluorescence microscope, MTT assay and flow cytometry.

RESULTSIn normal contrast group, Hep-2 cells grew intensively and contacted with each other. However, cells which were treated with hypericin, combination with light irradiation were declined greatly. In higher dose hypericin group, necrosis could be found. MTT assay showed that hypericin associated with light irradiation inhibited growth of laryngeal cell with dose dependence manner. Flow cytometry showed that hypericin with light irradiation could block cell growth at G0/G1 phase, inducing apoptosis of laryngeal cell. Under fluorescence microscope, some sings of cell apoptosis including coagulation of chromatin, fragmentation of nuclei and apoptotic body could be found.

CONCLUSIONHuman laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma strain Hep-2 can be inhibited and induced into apoptosis by treated with hypericin combination with light irradiation.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; pathology ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Light ; Perylene ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVEElastofibroma dorsi has an extremely low incidence. At present, comparative study on imaging manifestations and pathologic findings of elastofibroma dorsi has not been reported in China. This study was to investigate clinical manifestations, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearances, and pathologic features of elastofibroma dorsi and to improve preoperative imaging diagnosis of this disease.

METHODSThe clinical manifestations, imaging findings, and pathologic appearances of 6 cases of elastofibroma dorsi were retrospectively analyzed and related literatures were reviewed. All patients were examined with MRI, and 4 of them were examined with CT scan.

RESULTSAll patients were above 30 years old without obvious symptoms. The tumors presented as a lenticular soft-tissue mass in the deep subscapular region. The tumor's density on plain CT scan or signal intensity on MR T1-weighted image was approximately equal to that of muscle with some interlaced fat-like areas within mass suppressed by fat-suppression MR sequences, which corresponded to dense collagen tissue and interspersed mature adipose tissue observed microscopically.

CONCLUSIONSCT and MRI can reflect the histological features of elastofibroma dorsi. On the basis of their imaging characteristics, a correct preoperative diagnosis of elastofibroma dorsi can easily be made.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Fibroma ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Scapula ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Soft Tissue Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

AIMTo investigate the lattice mechanisms involved in the increased dissolution effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG 6,000) dispersion system on poorly soluble drug silymarin (SILY).

METHODSFusion method was used to prepare the solid dispersions of SILY with PEG 6,000. Evaluation of the improvement of dissolution was performed with dissolution studies in vitro. X-ray powder diffraction combined with diffraction peak pattern-fitting procedure were applied to quantitatively analyze the changes of lattice parameters. The interaction of SILY and PEG 6,000 was also determined with Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy.

RESULTSThe dissolution rate of SILY was considerably increased when formulated in solid dispersion of PEG 6,000 as compared to pure SILY. The datum from the X-ray diffraction showed the changes in the lattic spacings and particular diffraction peaks (position and the intensity) of PEG 6,000 and SILY. These could explain the increased rate of SILY released from solid dispersion system. The information of FT-IR spectroscopy showed the absence of well-defined drug-polymer interaction.

CONCLUSIONThe dissolution improvement of poorly soluble SILY from solid dispersion of PEG 6,000 can be illuminated by the changes of the lattice parameters of PEG 6,000 and the drug.

Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; Crystallization ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Drug Carriers ; Polyethylene Glycols ; chemistry ; Silymarin ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Solubility

OBJECTIVETo detect the expression of HBV X gene (HBx mRNA) in extrahepatic biliary tract carcinomas and the adjacent non-cancerous tissues, and to analyzed the relationship between HBV infection and incidence of biliary tract carcinomas, thereby to elucidate the possible role of HBx in the carcinogenesis of biliary tract.

METHODSThe plasmid pSPX46 was digested by appropriate restriction enzyme. HBx fragment was obtained through gel extraction kit. The digoxigenin-labeled DNA probes for HBx mRNA were prepared by a random prime technique. The expression of HBx mRNA was detected in formalin-fixed- paraffin-embedded specimens from 71 cases of biliary tract carcinomas and 39 specimens of non-cancerous tissues adjacent to cancer by in situ hybridization. The correlations between HBx mRNA expression and clinicopathological parameters were statistically analysed in 71 cases of biliary duct carcinomas.

RESULTSForty-three of 71 malignant specimens had detectable HBx mRNA expression with a positive rate being 61%. Only 7 of 39 specimens of non-cancerous tissues adjacent to cancer had weak HBx mRNA expression, with a positive rate being 18%, and all these positive signals were found in the hyperplastic biliary epithelium. No significant correlation was found between HBx mRNA expression and clinicopathological parameters, but a strong positive correlation was found between HBx mRNA and protein expression.

CONCLUSIONThere is a high frequency of HBx mRNA expression in extrahepatic biliary tract carcinomas. HBV infection and its gene integration might play a role to certain extent in the development of biliary tract carcinomas.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Base Sequence ; Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic ; pathology ; Biliary Tract Neoplasms ; complications ; virology ; Female ; Hepatitis B ; complications ; virology ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Sequence Data ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Trans-Activators ; genetics

The ligators we have developed is a kind of economical and effective six-ring ligator. Endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) was performed to treat bleeding from esophageal varices in patients with liver cirrhosis using self-made ligator and foreign multiple ligator. There are similar effects with both self-made ligator and foreign mutiple ligator in the control of variceal bleeding, variceal obliteration and rebleeding (93.8%, 87.5%, 0 in the group with self-made ligator, 94.5%, 87.1%, 2.4% in the group with foreign multiple ligator, P>0.05). In terms of the quality index, successful operation rate, hemastatic rate, variceal obliteration rate, rebleeding rate, complications and variceal recurrence rate, the self-made ligator is as good as the foreign multiple ligator, but much cheaper.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Endoscopes ; Equipment Design ; Esophageal and Gastric Varices ; therapy ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; therapy ; Humans ; Ligation ; instrumentation ; methods ; Liver Cirrhosis ; complications ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome