Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Pneumoconiosis ; microbiology ; Sputum ; microbiology ; beta-Lactam Resistance ; beta-Lactamases ; analysis

Objective To explore and evaluate the clinical value of MRI for status of axillary lymph node after neoadju-vant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with breast cancer. Methods Forty-four patients with 1ocally advanced breast cancer (LABC) were underwent NAC for four cycles. The longest diameter of axillary lymph node (ALN) measured by MRI scan. Val-ue of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and their correlation were compared before NAC and four cycles after NAC. Re-sults of MRI and pathological data for ALN were compared between two groups of patients. Results All patients finished four cycles of NAC. The total response rate (CR+PR) was 72.7% (32/44), and the total non-response rate (SD+PD) was 27.3%(12/44). The longest diameter of ALN was significantly shortened in response group. The longest diameter was (1.37± 1.06) cm before NAC and (0.90±0.76) cm after NAC (P<0.01). The ADC value of the tumor was significantly increased in re-sponse group [(0.91±0.28) ×10-3 mm2/s before NAC and (1.01±0.32)×10-3 mm2/s after NAC, P<0.01)]. There was no signifi-cant correlation between ADC value change (△ADC) and the longest diameter change of ALN (△L, r=0.131, P=0.413). The sensitivity, specificity and Kappa value of ALN evaluation after NAC were 100%, 62.5%and 0.68 measured by MRI. Con-clusion The change of tumor longest diameter reflects the effect of chemotherapy directly. The tumor ADC value of MRI can not be used as an independent indicator of chemotherapy effect of ALN, eventhouth MRI was the sensitive index for eval-uating the status of axillary lymph node after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer.

Animals ; Codonopsis ; chemistry ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Fatigue ; drug therapy ; Female ; Hypoxia ; drug therapy ; Male ; Mice ; Selenium ; pharmacology

Anti-Infective Agents ; pharmacology ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phytotherapy ; Research Design

Adenocarcinoma ; pathology ; Aged ; Ciliary Body ; pathology ; Epithelium ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Uveal Neoplasms ; pathology

Objective To study the intraoperative and postoperative complications of autologous liver transplantation (ALT),and their prevention and treatment.Methods From October 2005 to December 2011,our center carried out 36 cases of ALT for malignant (n=23) and benign diseases (n=13).Intraoperative and postoperative complications and treatment methods were analysed.Results Of the 36 patients,2 patients developed small liver syndrome in the perioperative period.Allogeneic liver transplantation was carried out for 1 of these two patients for acute liver failure.Another patient died of lung infection 16 days after the surgery.Among 36 ALT recipients and 23 patients suffering from malignant tumor,1,2,3-year survival rates were.75％,71％,68％ and 65％,59％,54％ respectively.Conclusions With adequate preoperative assessment,the incidence of serious complications after ALT should be low.Prompt prevention and treatment of intraoperative and postoperative serious complications could cut down perioperative mortality,and provide long-term survival after ALT.

OBJECTIVETo calculate the effects of malnutrition on economic productivity in China.

METHODSPROFILES was used to quantify the function consequences of malnutrition in term of protein energy malnutrition, iron deficiency and iodine deficiency.

RESULTSProductivity gained due to improved iodine nutrition. The reduction in the TGR in 1992 to 2001 increased the net present value of further economic productivity by yen 142 billion. Reduction of the TGR rate to 5% over next 10 years would result in future productivity gains with value of yen 40 billion. Productivity gain due to reductions in child stunting would result in future economic productivity gains with the value of yen 101 billion. Reducing stunting further over the next 10 years would gain yen 20 billion. Productivity gain due to reduction of iron deficiency anemia reduced by 30% over the next 10 years would gain worth yen 107 billion and if childhood anemia reduced by 30% over next 10 years would gain yen 348 billion.

CONCLUSIONThese interventions have huge economic payoff. That is likely to exceed their costs many times over.

Adult ; Child ; Child Development ; China ; Commerce ; Cost of Illness ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; Economics ; Humans ; Iodine ; deficiency ; Iron ; deficiency ; Malnutrition ; economics ; Models, Theoretical

OBJECTIVETo estimate the benefits of reductions in underweight and Vitamin A deficiency for child survival in China that might be expected as a result of lowering the prevalence of these conditions.

METHODSProfiles, a process of nutrition policy analysis was used to quantify the functional consequences of malnutrition in terms of child survival.

RESULTSUnderweight: The actual reduction in underweight between 1992 and 2001 (from 15.7% to the current 10.1%) resulted in saving of 176,000 child lives. As estimated, without improvements, 612,000 children will die due to underweight between 2001 and 2010, 281,000 (46%) of them living in western provinces. Reducing underweight prevalence from 10.1% to 8% could overall save 62,000 lives. The reduction of underweight prevalence in the west alone might save 56,000 lives. Vitamin A in China as a whole, vitamin A deficiency accounts, as estimated, for 7.5% of deaths of children 6-59 months old, representing 206,000 deaths over the past ten years. Halving the prevalence over the period would save 49,000 child lives. The higher prevalence and higher mortality rates in western provinces mean that even with only 28% of the Chinese population, over half of child deaths there are related to vitamin A.

Body Weight ; Child ; Child Welfare ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Forecasting ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Malnutrition ; complications ; epidemiology ; Models, Theoretical ; Mortality ; trends ; Prevalence ; Prognosis ; Survival Analysis ; Vitamin A Deficiency ; complications ; epidemiology ; therapy

Diagnosis, Differential ; Diagnostic Errors ; Diaphragm ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Echinococcosis, Hepatic ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Hernia, Diaphragmatic ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Liver ; parasitology ; pathology ; surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVETo assess the clinical features and prognostic factors of malignant ovarian teratoma.

METHODSEighty-four patients with malignant ovarian teratoma between 1954 and 2001 were studied retrospectively. All patients were treated with surgery, the mid-period of follow-up was 146 months. Patient characteristics, surgical therapy, pathologic diagnosis, histological grade, and follow-up data were extracted and survival curves were depicted. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 10.0.

RESULTSThe average age was (33.5 +/- 16.1) years. Abdominal pain and abdominal extension were the main complaint. Thirty-seven women were diagnosed with malignant transformation of ovarian teratoma while 47 were of ovarian immature teratoma. Clinical stage was the only prognostic factor with significantly statistical differentiation. Five-year survival rate of malignant ovarian teratoma with stage I, II, III, and IV were (87.20 +/- 4.52)%, (50.00 +/- 35.36)%, (30.55 +/- 9.43)%, and 0.00%, respectively (P = 0.00). Five-year survival rate of ovarian immature teratoma with histological grade I, II, and III were (90.48 +/- 6.41)%, (68.75 +/- 11.59)%, and (57.14 +/- 16.38)%, respectively (P = 0.08). Among 31 women died of malignant ovarian teratoma, 27 (87.1%) died within 2 years after operation.

CONCLUSIONThis retrospective study suggests that malignant transformation of ovarian teratoma is clinically different from ovarian immature teratoma. Complete staging surgery or Debulking surgery followed by 4-6 courses adjuvant chemotherapy with cisplatin, vincristine, and bleomycin are the principle treatment. Conservative surgery may well improve the life quality of younger patients. All patients should be closely followed up for at least 2 years.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Bleomycin ; administration & dosage ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Child ; Cisplatin ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Ovariectomy ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Teratoma ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Vincristine ; administration & dosage