Objective To evaluate the repot of common hepatic duct defect caused by Type Ⅱ or Type Ⅲ Mirizzi syndrome laparoscopically.Methods Eight cases of Type Ⅱ or Type Ⅲ Mirizzi syndrome treated under laparoscopy were analyzed retrospectively.Among them six cases were identified as Mirizzi Ⅱ and a defect on the lateral wall of common hepatic duct was found and repmred by suturing the stubble of cystic duct.The two Mirizzi Ⅲ cases had a defect on front and lateral wall or back and lateral wall of common hepatic duct respectively.Both defects were repaired by a patch from the infundibulum of galllbladder. Results All the 8 cases underwent laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy followed by repair of common hepatic duct defect.The operation lasted for 80～150 min(mean 110 min).There was no recurrence of the symptoms after 6～24 months follow up.Conclusion The familiarity of the anatomical characters of Mirizzi syndrome and the skillful suture technique under laparoscopy are both necessary.

Biomarkers ; metabolism ; Cholesterol ; metabolism ; Coronary Disease ; Humans

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of Qingkailing injection for cerebrovascular diseases by systematic review of clinical trials. Methods Meta-analysis was used to evaluate the efficacy of Qingkailing injection on cerebrovascular diseases from 38 articles on clinical trials published from 1994 to 2008 in Chinese journals with the software RevMan5.0. Sensitivity analysis was taken to analyze the results of trails with different inclusion criteria. Results 38 clinical control trails were included for efficacy analysis, a fixed effects model was chosen and the value of odds ratio (OR) was 3.26 with the 95% confidence interval from 2.71 to 3.92. Conclusions Qingkailing injection may have positive effect on cerebrovascular diseases, its efficacy need to be confirmed with high-quality randomized controlled trials.

To establish a UPLC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of geniposide, genipin 1-O-beta-D-gentiobioside and geniposidic acid in rat brains and study the brain pharmacokinetics of the three iridoid glycosides in stroke rat after the oral administration of Xingnaojing. In this experiment, brain samples were precipitated with protein for twice. Acquity BEH C18 column was adopted, with acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid-water as the mobile phase for gradient elution. ESI source was adopted for mass spectra; multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was conducted to detect negative ions. The time for sample analysis was 3.5 min. the results showed good linear relations among the three iridoid glycosides, with the extraction recovery between 99.6% and 114.3%, good intra- and inter-day precisions and accuracies and stability in line with the requirements. The t1/2 and MRT in the three components were similar in brains of stroke rats. Geniposide and genipin 1-O-beta-D-gentiobioside showed double peaks; where as geniposidic acid showed a single peak. In conclusion, the method is so specific, sensitive, accurate and reliable that it can be used to study the brain pharmacokinetics of Xingnaojing oral preparation.
Animals ; Brain ; metabolism ; Brain Chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drug Stability ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Iridoids ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; methods

Objective To investigate the changes and clinical significance of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),creatine kinase (CK),glutamate pyruvate transaminase (AST),and cerebrospinal fluid lactate dehydrogenase (CSF LDH) in adult patients with acute central nervous system infection.Methods The levels of myocardial enzymes (AST,LDH,and CK) in serum of 96 adult patients with acute intracranial infection in 7days and 39 healthy people were measured by Beckman automatic biochemical analyzer and enzyme rate assay,and CSF LDH level in 96 patients were measured simultaneously.Results (1) The serum myocardial enzymes (LDH,CK,and AST) of intracranial infection group (47 cases with viral encephalitis,30 cases with tuberculous meningitis,and 19 cases with purulent encephalitis) were significantly higher than those of normal control group (P ＜0.01).(2)The myocardial enzymes (LDH,and AST ) of patients with cerebral functional disorder were significantly higher than those of patients with normal cerebral function (P ＜0.05).(3)The levels of serum AST,LDH,and CK in the virus encephalitis group,serum AST and LDH in the purulent encephalitis group,and serum LDH in the tuberculous meningitis group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.01).The CSF LDH level in the viral meningitis group was prominently lower than that in the tuberculous encephalitis group and purulent encephalitis group,respectively (P ＜0.01).(4) No correlations were found between CSF LDH and serum myocardial enzymes (P ＞0.05).Conclusions (1)There is significant change in the levels of serum LDH,CK,AST,and CSF LDH of adult patients with acute intracranial infection,especially in infected patients with cerebral functional disorder,and the change of LDH is the most obvious.(2)The levels of serum myocardial enzymes and CSF LDH are helpful to the differential diagnosis of intracranial infection in early stage,and judging the severity of the illness.

There are 250 species of Zanthoxylum (Rutaceae) in the world. This genus distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. Alkaloids are the major and representative ingredients in these plants including quinolines, isoquinolines, and amide alkaloids, with such biological activities as anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-virus, anti-platelet aggregation, anti-bacteria and anti- oxidant. These species have been used for a long time to treat toothache, urinary and venereal diseases, lumbago and rheumatism. This review summarizes the chemical constituents and pharmacological activities from the Z. sppplants, in an effort to the systematic research and application of the alkaloids of this genus.
Alkaloids ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Molecular Structure ; Zanthoxylum ; chemistry

Adenoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adult ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Ear Neoplasms ; complications ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Endolymphatic Sac ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Paraganglioma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Point Mutation ; Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein ; genetics ; von Hippel-Lindau Disease ; complications ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVESTo evaluate the effects of varicocele (VC) on IL-1 and NO levels in testes of rats with VC.

METHODSMale adult Wistar rats were divided into two groups randomly, VC group (n = 30) and pseudo-operation group (n = 20), and the levels of IL-1 and NO in the testes were determined and compared.

RESULTSThe levels of IL-1 and No of left tests in VC group were higher than those in pseudo-operation group, respectively(P < 0.01). While the levels of IL-1 and NO of right testes between two groups were not significantly different (P > 0.05). More over, the level of IL-1 correlated significantly with that of NO(r = 0.572, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe results revealed that the changes of IL-1 and NO levels in the testes of rats with VC might be the reason which caused testes damage, disturbance of spermatogenesis and even infertility.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Interleukin-1 ; metabolism ; Male ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Testis ; metabolism ; ultrastructure ; Varicocele ; metabolism

ONYX-015 and H101 are E1B 55-kDa protein-deficient replicating C group adenoviruses that are currently in clinical trials as antitumor agents. However, their application in cancer gene therapy is limited by the native tropism of C group adenoviruses. This is in part due to low expression of the C group adenovirus receptor (coxsackievirus-adenovirus receptor, CAR) on malignant tumors. An H101-based chimeric virus vector containing sequences encoding the Ad35 fiber domain instead of the Ad5 fiber (H101-F35) was constructed. This modification allowed infection of tumor cells through CD46, a membrane protein over-expressed on tumors. The CAR and CD46 RNA expression was evaluated by RT-PCR method. H101-F35 conferred a stronger cytocidal effect than H101 and ONYX-015 in tumor cell lines that lacked CAR expression (MDA-MB-435 and MCF-7), while the cytocidal effect of H101-35, H101 and ONYX-015 was similar in high-level CAR expressing cancer cell lines (A549, NCI-H446, Hep3B, LNCaP, ZR-75-30 and Bcap-37). In an MDA-MB-435 xenograft mouse tumor model, tumor growth in mice receiving H101-F35 was significantly inhibited compared with mice injected with H101. These results suggest that the chimeric oncolytic adenovirus H101-F35 vector might be a useful candidate for gene therapy of cancer.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a neoplasm of a terminally differentiated B-cell. Human myeloma cell lines were shown to be suitable model systems for use in various fields of the biological sciences. This study was aimed to investigate the genetic aberrations in human multiple myeloma cell lines. Interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with probes for the regions containing 13q14 (RB-1), 13q14.3 (D13S19), 14q32 (IGHC/IGHV) , 1q12 (CEP1), 17p13 (TP53) were was used to detect 7 HMCL and 85 cases of newly diagnosed MM. FISH with LSI IGH/CCND1 , LSI IGH/FGFR3 and LSI IGH/MAF probes were used to detect t(11;14) (q13;q32) , t(4;14) (p16;q32) and t(14;16) (q32;q23) in HMCL and MM with 14q32 rearrangement. The results showed that molecular cytogenetic aberrations were found in all 7 HMCL, six (85.7%) HMCL simultaneously had 13q14, 13q14.3 deletion. Chromosome 1q21 abnormality was found in six (33.3%) HMCL with at least 3 copies amplifications. Illegitimate 14q32 rearrangement was found in five (71.4%) HMCL, including one with t(11;14), two with t(4;14) and three with t(14;16). 17p13 deletion was detected in 5 HMCL. Chromosomal changes were observed in 85.9% of the 85 cases of newly diagnosed MM. The del(13), 1q12 amplification, del(17p), 14q32 rearrangement, t(11;14), t(4;14), t(14;16) were present in 44.7%, 52.9%, 20%, 62.4%, 27.1%, 24.7% and 3.5% of the patients respectively. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of genetic abnormalities of del(13q), 14q32 rearrangement, 1q12 amplification, t(11;14), t(4;14) except del(17p) and t(14;16). It is concluded that HMCL representative of the most aggressive phase of plasma cell neoplasms accumulated a large amount of genetic aberrations. Loss of p53 are strikingly common in HMCL suggesting that the impairment of the P53 tumor suppressor pathway is an important contributor to extramedullary tumor expansion.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Marrow ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Female ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; genetics ; pathology ; Translocation, Genetic ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; genetics