Objective To investigate the effects of hepatocyte growth factor(HGF) on proliferation and collagen synthesis induced by angiotensin Ⅱ(AngⅡ)in SD rat cardiac fibroblasts(CFbs),and determine the role it plays in hypertensive ventricular remodeling.Methods CFbs in SD rat were cultured in vitro and treated with different concentrations of AngⅡ and/or HGF.Collagen type Ⅰ synthesis of CFbs was measured by Western blotting,and proliferation of CFbs was detected by MTT assay. Results AngⅡ promoted collagen synthesis and proliferation in CFbs in a certain concentration range,which can be significantly inhibited by HGF. ConclusionHGF can inhibit the proliferation and collagen synthesis induced by AngⅡin SD rat CFbs,and may protect against hypertensive ventricular remodeling.

Objective To compare the efficacy of laryngeal mask airway-Advance (ALMA) and laryngeal mask airway-Supreme (S-LMA) in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods Two hundred and forty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 18-64 yr,weighing 50-70 kg,undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy,were randomly divided into2 groups (n=120 each):group S-LMA (group S) and group A-LMA (group A).LMA was inserted after induction of general anesthesia with propofol 2.0-2.5 mg/kg,sufentanil 0.2 μg/kg and rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg.After LMA was placed,the rim was immediately inflated and positive pressure was applied to the reservoir bag of anesthesia machine circuit to check for leaks.The plateau pressure at which leaks occurred was recorded.BP,HR,SpO2,PErCO2 and Ppeak were monitored during operation.Fiberoptic bronchoscopy was performed and the placement was scored (0 =unable to see the vocal cords and the ventilation of the lungs was inadequate,4=vocal cords were clearly seen and ventilation was adequate).The rate of successful placement,placement time,the incidence of leaks during operation,duration of anesthesia and surgery,extubation time,emergence time,blood stain on the LMA after being removed,backflow after extubation and postoperatve complacations including sore throat,hoarseness and dysphagia were recorded.The efficacy for airway management and the difficulty of placement were scored.Results There was no significant difference in the rate of successful placement,difficulty of placement scores,blood stain on the LMA after being removed,incidence of backflow,sore throat,hoarseness and dysphogia,anesthesia time,duration of surgery,extubation time and emergence time between the two groups.The placement time was shorter in group S than in group A,but the airway sealing pressure,FOB scores and efficacy for airway management scores were significantly higher and the incidence of leaks during operation was significantly lower in group A than in group S.Conclusion Both A-LMA and S-LMA can provide adequate ventilation during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.The efficacy of A-LMA is better.

Background Sirius system,a new Scheimpflug camera combined with Placido topography,improved the capability of imaging the anterior eye segment significantly.However,the study of assessing the repeatability and agreement between Sirius and Pentacam is still lack up to now.Objective This study was to evaluate the repeatability and agreement of the anterior ocular segment measuring parameters by Sirius and Pentacam in myopia received laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).Methods Thirty-five myopic eyes of 35 patients received LASIK were included in School of Optometry and Ophthalmology Eye Hospital from 2010 May through 2010 July.Corneal power flat keratometry (Kf),step keratometry (Ks),mean keratometry (Km),thinnest corneal thickness(TCT),the location of TCT,anterior chamber depth (ACD) and anterior chamber volume (ACV) were measured by Sirius and Pentacam in all the eyes,respectively.The repeatability of the measuring results were evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Cronbach's coefficient alpha (CoA),and the agreement of measuring parameters between Sirius and Pentacam was analyzed using Bland-Altman plot.Results Both Sirius and Pentacam demonstrated high intraobserver repeatability,with all ICC and CoA more than 0.90.No significant differences were found in Kf values and Ks values between the two methods (t =-1.533,-1.750,P＞0.05).Km value was (39.14 ± 1.95) D by Sirius measurement,which was sígnificantly higher than (39.05 ± 1.91) D by Pentacam measurement (t =3.572,P =0.001).The TCT was (457.6 ± 40.9) μm by Sirius method,showing a significant reduce in comparison with (465.4±37.5) μm of Pentacam method (t =-6.689,P＜0.001).A positive correlation was seen in the TCT between the two methods (r=0.988,P＜0.001).The Bland-Alrman plots showed the 95％ CI-21 μm to 6 pm in the TCT value between the two devices.Pairwise comparison of the location of TCT measurements showed significant differences between the two devices (t =-4.132,-5.696,P＜0.001),with a good correlation (r=0.751,0.775) and the 95％ CI (-0.36-0.17 mm,-0.35-0.12 mm).A very good agreement was seen in ACD between the two devices (-0.02-0.12 mm),but the agreement result was not very well in the ACV between the two devices with the 95％ CI (-27.70-6.20 mm3).Conclusions Sirius and Pentacam measurements for anterior ocular segment parameters have a very good repeatability in post-LASIK eyes.In addition,good agreement results are exhibited in corneal power,TCT and ACD between Sirius and Pentacam with an acceptable maximal different value between them.Sirius and Pentacam can be used interchangeably in clinical examination.However,the two devices can not interchangeably for ACV measurement and TCT location.

Objective The nano-zirconia scaffolds we previously prepared had a good 3-dimensional ( 3D ) connectivity but did not achieve the ideal sintering rate and compressive strength .The objective of this study was to explore the enhancing effect of polyvinyl butyral ( PVB) as a dispersant on the compressive strength of 3D nano-zirconia porous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering . Methods We prepared the slurry containing different concentrations of PVB and ana-lyzed the improving effect of PVB on the mechanical properties of the scaffolds by sediment experiment , compressive strength test and scan-ning electron microscopy . Results The sediment experiment showed
no significant stratification in the slurry with 0.2wt%PVB, white suspension in the upper layer and white precipitate in the lower layer , with a significantly higher compressive strength of the scaffold ([0.324 ±0.030] MPa) than that of the scaffold prepared by adding other concentrations of PVB to the slurry (P <0.01).And the compressive strength of the scaffold constructed by adding no dispersant ([0.109 ±0.021] MPa) was remarkably lower than that of the scaffold constructed by adding PVB to the slurry (P<0.05).Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that the scaffold prepared by adding 0.2wt%PVB to the slurry had a complete porous structure with the fewest and most sparsely distributed surface cracks as compared with other PVB concentration groups . Conclusion PVB can signifi-cantly improve the stability of zirconia slurry , enhance the compressive strength of the nano-zirconia porous scaffold , and make the scaf-fold more applicable to bone tissue engineering .

Objective To detect the genomic copy number variations(CNVs) of mice embryonic neural tissue with neural tube defects (NTDs) induced by methotrexate (MTX),and investigate the molecular genetic mechanisms between folic acid metabolism disorders and NTDs pathogenesis.Methods C57BL/6J NTD mice model was induced by MTX on gestational day 7.5,and the maternal serum and NTD embryonic neural tissues were collected;the array-comparative genomic hybridization(array-CGH) assay was utilized to analyze the whole genomic CNVs in NTD embryonic neural tissues;reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) was used to confirm the positive results;the maternal serum concentrations of folic acid and related metabolites and dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) activity were detected by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and enzymatic methods,respectively.Results ArrayCGH and RT-PCR results showed the 3 high confidence CNVs on XqE3,XqA1.1-qA2 and XqA1.1 in the NTD embryonic neural tissues.The NTD maternal serum concentrations of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate,5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid,S-adenosyl methionine and DHFR activity were reduced significantly compared with the control group,and there were statistical differences(all P ＜0.05).Conclusions There are obvious CNVs in embryonic neural tissue of NTD mice induced by MTX and folic acid dysmetabolism might cause mice embryonic neural tube developmental disorders through CNVs.

Objective To explore how to prevent biliary duct injury during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods The clinical data of 484 cases of laparoscopic cholecystectomy from December 2002 to December 2007 were retrospectively analyzed,and the experiences of preventing biliary duct injury were summarized.Results No biliary duct injury case was found but 26 cases were converted to laparotomy during operation and 20 cases were placed drainage tube.Conclusion Familiar with the anatomy of bile duct,careful handling of the Calot's triangle are the keys to prevent biliary duct injury in LC.

BACKGROUND: Lower extremity deep venous thrombosis is commonly seen after hip arthroplasty. The time of thrombosis after arthroplasty in senile patients with osteoporotic femoral neck fractures is little reported.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the time of perioperative lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in senile patients with osteoporotic femoral neck fractures undergoing hip arthroplasty. METHODS: The data of 178 patients with femoral neck fractures undergoing hip arthroplasty were analyzed, and were then allocated to anticoagulant and non-anticoagulant groups according to the preoperative use of low-molecular-weight heparins or not. Doppler ultrasonography of both lower extremity arteries was conducted at 1, 3, 5 and 5-7 days after injury, and 2, 5, 7 and 14 days postoperatively to monitor the lower extremity deep venous thrombosis, and the number and incidence of thrombosis in the two groups were recorded at different time points. The time of thrombosis occurred frequently after injury and surgery was determined through drawing the frequency distribution table and line chart.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The incidence of thrombosis showed significant difference between anticoagulant (n=6, 8%) and non-anticoagulant (n=22, 21%)) groups (P < 0.05). (2) Thrombosis frequently occurred at 3 days after injury and 1 day postoperatively. (3) These results suggest that the thrombosis in patients with femoral neck fractures frequently occurs at 1-3 days after injury and 1 day after replacement. Additionally, active prevention measures after injury can significantly reduce the incidence of lower extremity venous thrombosis.

Objective To study the effect of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides combined with metformin on oxidative stress of type 2 diabetic rats. Methods SD rats were fed with high fat diet for 4 weeks and injected with streptozotocin (30 mg·kg-1 ) to produce type 2 diabetic model. The diabetic rats were randomly divided into diabetes model group, ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides group (600 mg·kg-1 ), metformin group (600 mg·kg-1 ), combination group (ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides 300 mg·kg-1+ metformin 300 mg·kg-1 ), After 12 weeks of treatment, the level of fasting blood glucose was determined, and the activity of superoxide dismutase ( SOD), malondialdehyde ( MDA), catalase ( CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) were detected. Results The levels of fasting blood glucose in the treatment groups were significantly lower than that in the diabetes model group (P<0. 01). Furthermore, fasting blood glucose in the combination group was significantly lower than that in ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides group and metformin group (P<0. 01). Compared with diabetes model group, serum TC and TG in the treatment groups were significantly lower (P<0. 05, P<0. 01). Serum TC and TG were significantly lower in the combination group than in ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides group and metformin group (P<0. 05, P<0. 01). Compared with diabetes model group, serum SOD levels in the treatment groups were significantly higher (P<0. 01). Compared with ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides group and metformin group, serum SOD levels in the combination group was significantly higher (P<0. 05). Compared with diabetes group, serum MDA levels in the treatment groups were significantly lower (P<0. 01). Serum MDA in the combination group was significantly lower than that in ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides group and metformin group ( P<0. 05). Compared with diabetes model group, serum CAT and GSH-Px in the treatment groups were significantly higher (P<0. 05, P<0. 01). Serum CAT and GSH-Px in the combination group were significantly higher than those in ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides group and metformin group (P<0. 05). Conclusion Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides combined with metformin could effectively inhibit oxidantion stress in type 2 diabetic rats. The effect was better than ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides or metformin used alone. The possible mechanism may be related to increased activity of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px in vivo and regulation of dyslipidemia.

Objective To evaluate the toxicity and efficacy of post-operative chemoradiotherapy for gastric cancer. Methods Forty-five gastric cancer patients treated with post-operative radiation ± concurrent chemotherapy were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 14 were female and 31 were male. The median age was 54 (30-72) years. Pathology stages were IB-IV. Radiotherapy of doses from 45 Gy/25fx to 55 Gy/30fx was delivered to the tumor bed and regional lymph nodes with 3D conformal or IMRT technology.Concurrent chemotherapy agent was fluorouracil or capacitabine. Results All patients except 2 (4%)completed radiotherapy as planned. The most common acute toxicities were hematologic and gastrointestinal effects. The incidence of the patients was 56% with mild nausea/vomiting,71% and 7% with grade Ⅰ / Ⅱ and Ⅲ leucopenia, and 38% with grade Ⅰ/Ⅱ hypodynamia and anepithymia. The 1-year overall survival,relapse-free survival and local control rates were 87% ,82% and 95%, respectively. Conclusions Postoperative chemoradiation for patients with locally advanced gastric cancer is tolerable. Our study shows the advantage of post-operative chemoradiation for local control. However,further prospective randomized trial is needed to validate the efficacy.

BACKGROUND:The risk of lower-extremity deep venous thrombosis was high in patients with the osteoporotic hip fracture. The aged age and hip fracture surgery are major risk factors for thrombosis. No study concerned the critical point in time course to the lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in the osteoporotic hip fracture patients.
OBJECTIVE:To analyze the incidence of the perioperative deep venous thrombosis of lower extremity limb at different time slots in senile osteoporotic intertrochanteric fracture patients repaired by proximal femoral nail antirotation fixation.
METHODS:From June 2012 to January 2016, 220 cases diagnosed as osteoporotic intertrochanteric fracture and performed closed reduction and proximal femoral nail antirotation fixation were selected from the Department of Orthopedics, the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical Col ege in China. Based on administered low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWH) or not after trauma, there were two groups:LMWH group and the non-LMWH group. Vascular Doppler ultrasound was conducted at 1, 3 and 5 days after trauma, more than 5 days after trauma, 2, 5, 7 and 14 days after surgery. The total number of cases and incidence of thrombosis were recorded and compared between the two groups. The number of cases and the incidence of new thrombosis were recorded at different time points in both groups. Frequency distribution table was used to analyze the time of suffering thrombosis after injury and surgery.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Among 220 cases, 18 cases in the LMWH group (n=154) affected thrombosis, with an incidence of 12%, and 15 cases in the non-LMWH group (n=66) experienced deep vein thrombosis, with an incidence of 23%. Significant differences in the incidence of thrombosis were detected between the two groups (P=0.041). (2) Peak time of thrombus was 3 days before injury and 1 day after surgery in both groups. (3) Results suggested that the incidence of deep vein thrombosis was high in proximal femoral nail antirotation fixation for intertrochanteric fracture. The peak time of deep vein thrombosis was 3 days before injury and 1 day after surgery. The prevention of deep vein thrombosis should begin from injury. Prophylactic anticoagulation after injury can dramatical y decrease the incidence of deep vein thrombosis.