Objective To observe the levels of Ang - 1 and NF-κB in lung tissue and to aseess the severity of ALI induced by phosgene in order to clarify the mechanism of the protective effect of Ang - 1 on phosgene induced ALI.Method Rats were randomly divided into phosgene group and air group.Another rats were randomly (random number) divided into phosgene group,phosgene + PDTC group and air group.Lung tissue was collected to weigh and calculate the wet / dry weight ratio,measure BALF,white blood cell count,total protein and Ang-1 at given time after exposure to phosgene/air and PDTC.The Ang - 1 and NF-κB levels in lung tissue were measured with Western blot and immunohistochemistry.Data were analyzed by using SPSS 16.0 statistical package and comparisons between groups were carried out byusing One-Way ANOVA analysis and LSD -t test,α ＜ 0.05.Results Serum angiopoietin -1 level became lesser within 48 hours after exposure to Phosgene.The severity of ALI became worser with time elapsing.Ccompare with air group,the severity of ALI in phosgene group was worser with time elapsing ( P ＜ 0.05).Compared with phosgene + PDTC group,the serum angiopoietin -1 and arterial oxygen partial pressure in phosgene group were lower ( P ＜ 0.05).The severity of ALI of rats in phosgene group were worser than that in phosgene + PDTC group ( P ＜ 0.05).Serum angiopoietin -1 and partial pressure of oxygen of rats in phosgene group were higher than those in phosgene + PDTC group ( P ＜ 0.05).Immunohistochemistry test showed that the expression of Ang-1 in lung tissue in air group were normal,and Ang-1 in phosgene group were significantly reduced,and Ang-1 in PDTC intervention group was higher than that in phosgene group and lower than that in air group.The above results were confirmed by Western blot test which was consistent with the results of immunohistochemistry test.Similarly,the levels of NF-κB in lung tissue determined by using both Western - blot and immunohistochemistry were consistant,and results of both methods showed that the expression of NF - κB in air group was normal,and it increased in phosgene group,and the expression of NF-κB in phosgene + PDTC group was lower than that in phosgene group.Conclusions The serum level of Ang-1 was decreasing within 48 hours after ALI.Ang-1 was negatively correlated with the sevfity of phosgene induced ALI.Ang-1 likely had an effect on NF-κB signaling pathway,ameliorating the inflammation mediated by cytokines,reducing lung endothelial permeability and in turn lessening the severity of ALI.

OBJECTIVETo reveal the possible mechanism involved in patella-femoral degenerative arthritis (PFDA) in- duced by torsion-deformity of tibia via analyzing the relationship between torsion-deformity of the tibia in patients with PFDA and the disorder of patella-femoral joint under the static and dynamic conditions.

METHODSFrom October 2009 to October 2010, 50 patients (86 knees, 24 knees of male patients and 62 knees of female patients) with PFDA were classified as disease group and 16 people (23 knees, 7 knees of males and 16 knees of females) in the control group. The follow indexes were measured: the torsion-angle of tibia on CT scanning imagings, the patella-femoral congruence angle and lateral patella-femoral angle under static and dynamic conditions when the knee bent at 30 degrees of flexion. Based on the measurement results, the relationship between the torsion-deformity of tibias and the disorders of patella-femoral joints in patients with PFDA were analyzed. Finally,the patients were divided into three groups including large torsion-angle group, small torsion-angle group and normal group according to the size of torsion-angle, in order to analyze the relationship between torsion-deformity and disorders of patella-femoral joint, especially under the dynamic conditions.

RESULTSCompared with patients without PFDA, the ones with PFDA had bigger torsion-angle (30.30 ± 7.11)° of tibia, larger patella-femoral congruence angle (13.20 ± 3.94)° and smaller lateral patella-femoral angle (12.30 ± 3.04)°. The congruence angle and lateral patella-femoral angle under static and dynamic conditions had statistical differences respectively in both too-big torsion-angle group and too-small torsion-angle group. The congruence angle and lateral patella-femoral angle under static and dynamic conditions had no statistical differences in normal torsion-angle group.

CONCLUSIONTorsion-deformity of tibia is the main reason for disorder of patella-femoral joint in the patients with PFDA. Torsion-deformity of tibia is always accompanied by instability of patella-femoral joint,especially under the dynamic condition, thus causing PFDA. It can not only provide arrangement information and degenerative condition of patella-femoral joint,but also provide guidance through the analysis on the relationship for better clinical prevention and early treatment of degenerative bone and joint disease.

Adult ; Female ; Femur ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; Patella ; diagnostic imaging ; Radiography ; Tibia ; diagnostic imaging ; Torsion Abnormality ; complications ; diagnostic imaging

The phenomenon of recessive absence was initiated by many malpractices in current medical educational system.In this article we try to analyze this phenomenon,speculate the subjective and objective reasons,propose countermeasures such as improving teachers quality,reforming traditional teaching mode,strengthening medical ethics education,enriching teaching means and addressing student-centered lectures.

OBJECTIVETo observe the relationship between the indicators of lung injury and the ratio of angiopoietin-2 (ang-2) to angiopoietin-1 (ang-1) in serum of rats with acute lung injury induced by phosgene.

METHODSEighty four adult male SD rats were randomly divided into 13 phosgene groups and 1 control group. Control group was exposed to fresh air for 5 minutes; the phosgene groups were exposed to phosgene (100% purity of 8.33 mg/L phosgene ) for 5 minutes. At different time points after exposure, the wet/dry weight ratio of mouse lungs was examined, the levels of ang-1 and ang-2 in serum of rats were detected with ELISA assay, and the white blood cell count and total protein levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of rats were measured.

RESULTSIn 48 h after exposure,the serum ang-2, lung wet/dry weight ratio, BALF white blood cell count, protein concentration tended to increase with time, and the serum ang-1 tended to decrease with time. The ratios of ang-2 to ang-1 at 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24 and 48 h after exposure in phosgene groups were significantly higher than that in control group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). There were the positive correlations between ang-2 and lung wet/dry ratio, BALF white blood cell count or protein concentration (P < 0.01). There were the negative correlations between ang-1 and lung wet/dry ratio or BALF white blood cell count (P < 0.01). There were the positive correlations between the ratio of ang-2 to ang-1 and lung wet/dry ratio, BALF white blood cell count or protein concentration (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONAfter exposure of rats to phosgene, there is a positive correlation between the ratio of ang-2 to ang-1 and lung injury indicators, which may be an early indicator of the severity of phosgene-induced acute lung injury.

Acute Lung Injury ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; Angiopoietin-1 ; metabolism ; Angiopoietin-2 ; metabolism ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Male ; Phosgene ; toxicity ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo detect the differentially expressed genes in oral lichen planus(OLP) by cDNA microarray.

METHODSThe PCR products of 4000 genes were spotted on chemical material coated glass plates in array. The total RNAs were isolated from OLP and normal oral mucosa tissue and were purified to mRNA. Both the mRNA were reversely transcribed to cDNA with the incorporations of fluorescent dUTP, for preparing the hybridization probes. The mixed probes were then hybridized to the cDNA microarray. Microarray was scanned for the fluorescent signals and showed the differences between the two samples.

RESULTSThe expressions of 122 genes were up regulated while the expressions of 91 genes were down regulated in OLP among the 4000 target genes. The up-regulated genes were mainly the ones of immunity related genes, metabolize related genes, oncogene, cytokine and cell signal transduction protein. The down-regulated genes were mainly the ones of DNA binding and transcription factors, cell signal transduction protein, immunity related genes, metabolize related genes, and cytokine.

CONCLUSIONTwo hundred and thirteen differentially expressed genes with different functions were revealed in OLP, which may play some roles in the progression of OLP.

Gene Expression Profiling ; Humans ; Lichen Planus, Oral ; Mouth Mucosa ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA, Messenger

ObjectiveTo quantify the underestimation of cardiac blood flow velocities measured by Doppler echocardiography and to explore a method for correction using a new explored dual PW/TDI technique.MethodsThe dual PW/DTI mode was used to simultaneously record the aortic,mitral,tricuspid and pulmonary valvular blood flow velocity and the adjacent valvular annulus velocity in forty healthy volunteers,then the underestimations of the flow velocities were calculated.ResultsThe true blood flow velocity relative to the valvular annulus could be obtained by dual PW/TDI technique.Conventional Doppler echocardiographic measurements significantly underestimated the true velocity ( P ＜ 0.001).The actual aortic blood flow velocity had a significant underestimation of (8.5 ± 1.2) ％,the actual flow velocity of the pulmonary artery had a significant underestimation of (6.6 ± 1.1) ％,the underestimations of E and A wave of mitralvalve's were (13.4 ± 1.7)％ and (16.7± 3.4)％,the underestimations of E and A wave of tricuspid valve' s were ( 18.7 ± 1.9) ％ and (26.0 ± 16.1 ) ％.ConclusionsThe cardiac blood flow velocity measured by Doppler ultrasound has been significantly underestimated and this underestimation can bequantified and corrected using dual PW/DTI technique based on the principle of motion relativity.

Isolated alkaloids from Coptis chinensis Franch. The compounds were identified as berberine, columbamine, groenlandicine, jatrorrhizine, magnoflorine, corydaldine and ferulic acid methylester. Then measured their bitter degree based on the electronic tongue and evaluated the antibacterial. The results based on the Electronic Tongue showed that berberine, columbamine, groenlandicine and jatrorrhizine have higher bitter degree than magnoflorine and corydaldine. And they also appeared better antibacterial activity on E. coli and S. aureus. The correlation coefficients between bitter degree and the two bacteria antibacterial activity were 0.983 and 0.911. So there was close relationship between the bitter degree and antibacterial activity of bitter components. Thus, it is confirmed further that bitter components are the material foundation of medicinal effectiveness of bitter herbs.
Aporphines ; analysis ; Berberine ; analogs & derivatives ; analysis ; Berberine Alkaloids ; analysis ; Biomedical Research ; instrumentation ; methods ; Coptis ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Electronics ; instrumentation ; methods ; Escherichia coli ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Reproducibility of Results ; Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Taste

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular ; classification ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adenoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; metabolism ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Signal Transduction ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; classification ; metabolism ; pathology

Candida shehatae xyl1 gene and Pichia stipitis xyl2 gene were amplified by PCR and the xyl1 and xyl2 were both placed under the promoter GAL of vector pYES2 to produce the recombinant expression vector pYES2-P12. Subsequently the pYES2-P12 vector was transformed into S. cerevisiae YS58 by LiAc to produce the recombinant yeast YSS8-12. It was indicate that the recombinant yeast YSS8-12 could converse xylose to ethanol with the xylose consumption rate of 81. 3%.

Rats were continuously given different doses of water extract of Polygonum multiflorum (1, 10 g x kg(-1)) for 7 days to prepare liver microsomes. Cocktail in vitro incubation approach and Real-time quantitative PCR technology were used to observe the effect of water extract of P. multiflorum on CYP450 enzymatic activities and mRNA expressions in rat liver. Compared with the blank control group, both 1, 10 g x kg(-1) water extract of P. multiflorum treated groups showed significant inhibitions in CYP2E1 enzymatic activities and mRNA expressions (enzymatic activities of CYP2E1, P < 0.01; mRNA expression of CYP2E1, P < 0.05 in 1 g x kg(-1) group, P < 0.01 in 10 g x kg(-1) group). They revealed a significant increase in the enzymatic activity of CYP3A1 (P < 0.01), but without significant change in mRNA expressions. The 10 g x kg(-1) group showed a significant inhibition in CYP1A2 enzymatic activities and mRNA expressions in rat livers (P < 0.01).
Animals ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; Liver ; drug effects ; enzymology ; Male ; Microsomes, Liver ; drug effects ; enzymology ; Polygonum ; chemistry ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley