An automatic ECG analysis system based on DSP is introduced in this paper. It can fulfill the functions of signal regulation, adaptive filtering, QRS waves positioning, and automatically recognize more than 10 kinds of arrhythmia and report alarm. TI DSP product--TMS320F206 is applied in this system to accomplish the adaptive filtering and automatic diagnosis of arrhythmia for the need of real time signal processing.
Adaptation, Physiological ; Algorithms ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; diagnosis ; Autoanalysis ; Computers ; Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted ; instrumentation ; Electrocardiography, Ambulatory ; instrumentation ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; instrumentation ; Software

Objective To evaluate the value of CK34?E12,p63 and P504S immunostaining in diag- nosis of benign and malignant lesions of the prostate.Methods Expression of CK34?E12,p63 and P504S in 74 benign and malignant lesions of prostate,including 27 PC,6 HGPIN,10 LGPIN,3 AAH and 28 BPH were observed by immunohistochemical method.Results Expression of p63 and CK34?E12 were positive in AAH,LGPIN and BPH,all of PC were negative,the positive rate of HGPIN was 83.3%(5/6).There were sig- nificant differences in p63 and CK34?E12 expression between PC and AAH,HGPIN,LGPIN,BPH(P

Objective To analyze the stage characteristics in the exercise behavior improvement of college students and explore the role of Process in the exercise behavior change based on the transtheoretical model, providing basis for the stage-matched intervention for the exercise behavior of college students. Methods There were 932 students who completed the questionnaires, from 5 universities in Shanxi Province were selected by using a stratified random cluster sampling method. Descriptive analysis was used to describe the exercise behavior of college students. Variance analysis and multivariate Logistic regression model were used to analyze the difference of the process of with stage of change among college students’ physical exercise. Multivariate variance analysis was used to analyze how personal characteristics affect process of change. Results Among all participants, 89.4% students knew the importance of physical exercise, and 29.4% students were satisfied with their physical exercise condition. The distribution of students’ physical exercise stage showed an inverted U-shape with left-side peak, and there was a significant difference between gender( 2=54.657, P<0.001). There were significant stage characteristics in the process of students' exercise behavior, gender had a significant main effects on mutual aid relation(F=7.400, P=0.07)and conscious control (F=7.778, P=0.005), gender and grade had interaction effects on social release (F=3.614, P=0.013). Conclusions The college students' exercise behavior showed the characteristics of “knowing but not to do”, which conformed to the Transtheoretical model. It is essential to develop targeted phased exercise intervention strategies according to the relationship between change of phase and change of procedure.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of amino acid substitution in conserved sequence of penicillin-binding protein (PBP) 1A, 2B, 2X on antimicrobial activity of beta-lactams against Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP).

METHODMinimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 6 beta-lactams was determined by the E-test in 59 SP strains. The penicillin-binding protein genes pbp1a, 2b, 2x in every SP strain were amplified by nested-polymerase chain reaction (nPCR), then the PCR products were sequenced using automatic genetic analyzer directly. To analyze the amino acid substitutions, the DNA sequences were converted to protein sequences and aligned by Clustalx software. According to amino acid substitution in conserved sequence of PBP2B, 3 phenotypes were observed, including: PBP2B phenotype I (no amino acid substitution); PBP2B phenotype II (Glutamine 432-->Leucine and/or Threonine 445/451-->Alanine/Serine, Glutamic 481-->Glycine, 1 strain had proline insertion between residues 431/432); PBP2B phenotype III (Alanine 624-->Glycine with the addition of phenotype II). According to amino acid substitution in conserved sequence of PBP1A, 3 phenotypes were observed, including: PBP1A phenotype I (no amino acid substitution); PBP1A phenotype II (Threonine 574-->Asparagine, Serine 575-->Threonine, Glutamine 576-->Glycine, Phenylalanine 577-->Tyrosine, 574TSQF-->NTGY); PBP1A III (Threonine 371-->Alanine/Serine, Proline 432-->Threonine with the addition of 574TSQF-->NTGY). According to amino acid substitution in conserved sequence of PBP2X, 4 phenotypes were observed, including: PBP2X phenotype I (no amino acid substitution); PBP2X phenotype II (Histidine 394-->Leucine or Threonine 338-->Alanine); PBP2X phenotype III (Threonine 338-->Alanine, Isoleucine 371-->Threonine, Arginine 384-->Glycine and Leucine 546-->Valine); PBP2X phenotype IV (Methionine 339-->Phenylalanine, Methionine 400-->Threonine with the addition of PBP2X phenotype III).

RESULTAmong 59 SP strains antibacterial activities distribution (sensitive strains, intermediate strains and resistant strains) of 6 beta-lactams were penicillin (12, 29, 18); amoxicillin(49, 9, 1); cefuroxime (16, 16, 27); ceftriaxone (47, 1, 11); cefotaxime (47, 3, 9); imipenem (49, 10, 0). beta-lactam antibiotics insensitive strains (intermediate + resistant strain) in PBP2B phenotype III, PBP1A phenotype III, PBP2X phenotype III and IV were significantly increased, the MIC(50) of these strains were significantly higher than that of the others.

CONCLUSIONThe amino acid substitutions in or vicinal conserved sequence of PBP of SP increase MIC for beta-lactam antibiotics.

Amino Acid Substitution ; Aminoacyltransferases ; genetics ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Bacterial Proteins ; genetics ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Penicillin-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; Peptidyl Transferases ; genetics ; Streptococcus pneumoniae ; drug effects ; beta-Lactam Resistance ; genetics ; beta-Lactams ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo study the prognostic and clinical relevance of histologic subtyping of thymoma according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification.

METHODSThe clinicopathologic features of 108 patients with thymoma removed surgically were retrospectively reviewed. The histologic diagnosis of the tumors was made on the basis of 2004 WHO classification by two experienced pathologists. The correlation between Masaoka tumor stage, WHO histologic subtype, completeness of resection, presence of myasthenia gravis, other clinical parameters (including age, gender and tumor size) and survival was studied.

RESULTSAccording to WHO classification, there were 7 cases (6.5%) of type A thymoma, 19 cases (17.6%) of type AB thymoma, 23 cases (21.3%) of type B1 thymoma, 19 cases (17.6%) of type B2 thymoma, 27 cases (25.0%) of type B3 thymoma and 13 cases (12.0%) of type C thymoma. According to Masaoka tumor staging, 36 cases (33.3%) were in stage I, 34 cases (31.5%) in stage II, 27 cases (25.0%) in stage III and 11 cases (10.2%) in stage IV(a). The association between histologic subtype and Masaoka tumor stage was statistically significant (P = 0.000). The 5-year survival rates of type A, AB, B1, B2 and B3 thymoma cases were 100%, 100%, 93%, 83% and 43%, respectively; while the 10-year survival rates were 100%, 100%, 81%, 70% and 33%, respectively. The median survival time of type C thymoma was 62.5 months. Type B2 and B3 thymoma cases had an intermediate prognostic ranking in comparison with type C thymoma and other groups (P = 0.000). The 5-year survival rates of tumors in stage I, II and III were 100%, 77% and 54%, respectively; while the 10-year survival rates were 100%, 70% and 27%, respectively. The median survival time of patients in stage IV(a) was 14.0 months. Masaoka tumor stage was highly significant in predicting survival of patients (P = 0.000). On multivariate analysis, Masaoka tumor stage was an independent predictive factor for survival (P = 0.027). On the other hand, the WHO subtype (type A to B1 versus type B2 to B3 versus type C) and completeness of resection could predict the tumor-related survival.

CONCLUSIONSThe Masaoka tumor stage is the single most important prognostic factor of thymoma. The WHO histologic subtype and completeness of resection affect mainly the post-operative survival. The classification of thymoma may also reflect the clinical behavior of the tumor. Type A, AB and B1 thymomas belong to the low-risk group, while type B2 and B3 thymomas have an intermediate prognostic ranking. Type C thymoma carries the worst prognosis.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Myasthenia Gravis ; etiology ; Prognosis ; Survival Analysis ; Thymoma ; classification ; complications ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Thymus Neoplasms ; classification ; complications ; diagnosis ; pathology ; World Health Organization

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of percutaneous transhepatic radiofrequency ablation (PRFA) combined with tumor edge of percutaneous absolute ethanol injection (PEI) on liver cancer adjacent to major blood vessels.

METHODSSeventy five patients with liver cancer adjacent to major blood vessels were randomly divided into two groups: PRFA+PEI therapy group (38 cases) and PRFA control group (37 cases). Tumor necrosis rate, AFP levels, local recurrence rate, median for survival time and cum survival were used as the evaluation index to evaluate the efficacies of the two methods.

RESULTSTumor necrosis rates of the therapy group and the control group were 84.2% and 54.1% (P < 0.01), respectively; AFP levels of therapy group and control group at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment were (105.0 ± 35.5) μg/L, (28.4 ± 4.3) μg/L, (58.6 ± 6.7) μg/L, (89.5 ± 12.5) μg/L and (137.2 ± 34.6) μg/L, (84.2 ± 18.4) μg/L, (106.6 ± 20.3) μg/L, (173.7 ± 32.0) μg/L, respectively. The rates of therapy group was significantly lower than of control group. Local recurrence rates of the therapy group and control group were 2.6%, 7.9%, 13.2% and 31.6% vs 10.8%, 21.6% , 40.5% and 62.1% (P < 0.05) at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after treatment, respectively. Median for survival time of the therapy group and control group were 28.0 ± 2.8 months and 19.0 ± 3.6 months, respectively. Cum survival of the therapy group and control group were 84.2%, 78.9%, 60.5% and 31.6% vs 78.4%, 67.6%, 37.8% and 8.1% (P < 0.05) at 6, 12, 24 and 36 months after treatment, respectively.

CONCLUSIONPEI as a supplementary treatment of PRFA can effectively improve the treatment of liver cancer adjacent to major blood vessels and significantly reduce the local recurrence rate and improve long-term survival rates.

Adult ; Aged ; Bile Duct Neoplasms ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; therapy ; Catheter Ablation ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Ethanol ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVESTo investigate total drinking water intake of adults in the four cities of China in summer.

METHODSA total of 1483 adults aged 18 - 60 yrs from Beijing, Shanghai, Chengdu and Guangzhou were selected using multiple-stage random sampling method. The information of amounts and types of daily drinking water was recorded by subjects for seven consecutive days using a quantitative measurement. The amounts and types of daily drinking water among different cities and between men and women or urban and rural was analyzed.

RESULTSThe median of daily total drinking water of subjects was 1488 ml, with significant difference among the four cities (1579, 1793, 1150, 1467 ml in Beijing, Shanghai, Chengdu and Guangzhou city, respectively, χ(2) = 154.31, P = 0.000). The median of daily drinking water was significantly higher in men (1679 ml) than women (1370 ml) (Z = 8.34, P = 0.000), but no significant difference was found between urban (1514 ml) and rural (1466 ml) daily drinking water median (Z = -0.81, P = 0.420). The median of daily consumption of plain water, tea and beverages were 786, 109, 186 ml, respectively. Among four cities, the highest consumption of plain water was in subjects of Guangzhou (917 ml), while the highest tea consumption in Shanghai (257 ml) and the highest beverages consumption in Shanghai (323 ml) and Beijing (264 ml). Consumption of tea in men (229 ml) was significantly higher than that in women (57 ml) (Z = 7.52, P = 0.000). Subjects in urban (693 ml) had lower consumption of plain water than those in rural (914 ml). The proportion was 32.4% (480/1483) for subjects with water drinking less than 1200 ml per day.

CONCLUSIONThe daily consumption of total drinking water, including plain water, tea and beverages is different in adults among different cities and is different in gender and regions. It is nearly 1/3 of subjects with daily total drinking water less than current Chinese recommended water intake (1200 ml).

Adolescent ; Adult ; Beverages ; China ; Drinking ; physiology ; Drinking Water ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Seasons ; Urban Population ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate clinical outcomes after laparoscopic total mesorectal excision (TME) combined with intersphincteric resection (ISR) for ultra-low rectal tumors.

METHODSClinical data of 36 patients with ultra-low rectal tumor undergoing laparoscopic TME combined with ISR were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSThe median distance from the inferior margin of the tumor to the anal verge was 3.4 (2.0-5.0) cm. There were 33 cases of well/moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma and 3 rectal malignant villous adenoma. There were 16 patients with stage I disease, 15 with stage II A, 3 with stage III A, and 1 with III B. Postoperatively, one patient developed stenosis at the end ileostomy and 3 anastomotic leakage. After a median follow-up of 16(4-49) months, one patient developed local recurrence at the anastomosis and one case died of liver metastasis. In the 19 patients who had a minimum follow-up of one year, the bowel movements frequency ranged from 1-4 times per day, and these patients were able to withhold defecation for more than 5 minutes.

CONCLUSIONSLaparoscopic TME combined with ISR can achieve oncologic clearance, sphincter preservation, and minimal invasiveness for ultra-lower rectal cancer. However, patients selection should be cautious.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anal Canal ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Male ; Mesentery ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Rectal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Rectum ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of TRB3 in the inhibitory effect of fenofibrate against the proliferation of glomerular mesangial cell induced by high glucose.

METHODSRat glomerular mesangial cells (MCs) were cultured in the presence of 5.5 mmol/L glucose (normal control), 25 mmol/L glucose (high glucose group), or high glucose along with 10, 50, or 100 µmol/L fenofibrate. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to evaluate cell proliferation, and Hoechst 33258 staining was employed to determine chromatin distribution in the MCs. Flow cytometry was performed to analyze the cell cycle changes in different groups. The expressions of TRB3 and P-AKT in different groups were detected using immunocytochemistry and Western blotting.

RESULTSHigh glucose induced obvious proliferation of the MCs (P<0.001), which was significantly inhibited by fenofibrate in a concentration-dependent manner (P<0.001). The MCs exposed to fenofibrate presented with typical apoptotic morphologies and cell cycle arrest at G1/S phase. Low levels of TRB3 expression was detected in the normal control and high glucose groups, whereas in the 3 fenofibrate groups, TRB3 expression increased and P-AKT expression decreased as fenofibrate concentration increased.

CONCLUSIONFenofibrate can promote TRB3 expression in rat MCs. TRB3 causes cell cycle arrest at G1/S phase by inhibiting AKT phosphorylation to result in suppressed proliferation of the MCs.

Animals ; Cell Cycle Checkpoints ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Fenofibrate ; pharmacology ; Glucose ; adverse effects ; metabolism ; Mesangial Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Phosphorylation ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; metabolism ; Rats ; Signal Transduction

Objective To investigate the regulating effect of fire needling on Wnt andβ-catenin genes of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in neural stem cells in spinal cord injury.Methods Sixty female SD rats were randomly allocated, including 5 rats to a blank group, 5 rats to a sham operation group, 25 rats to a model group and 25 rats to a fire needling group. The model and fire needling groups of rats were again separately divided into 1 d, 3 d, 7 d, 10 d and 14 d groups. A model was made using modified Allen's method in the model and fire needling groups. The BBB score was recorded and the expressions of Wnt andβ-catenin genes were determined in every group.Results In the model and fire needling groups, the BBB scores were significantly higher at 7 and 10 days than at the previous time point and there was a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The BBB score at every time point after treatment was significantly higher in the fire needling group than in the model group and there was a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Wnt3a gene expressions increased in the model and fire needling groups at 7 and 10 days compare with the previous time point (P<0.05). At 7 and 10 days, Wnt3a gene expression was higher in the fire needling group than in the model group and there was a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The changing tendency ofβ-catenin gene expression levels was basically the same as that of Wnt3a's.Conclusion Fire needling can modulate the expressions of Wnt3a andβ-catenin genes in neural stem cells in spinal cord injury.