Prostate cancer (PCa) incidence is increasing in China.Because of the limited clinical symptoms,early detection of PCa is critical and difficult.Current clinical diagnostic methods for localizing PCa including both the conventional anatomic imaging and histological techniques have many problems.Enormous novel PCa specific molecular probes have been evaluated.Those probes have substantially improved the diagnostic accuracy and specificity of PCa.This review briefly introduces the conventional noninvasive imaging techniques for PCa diagnosis.Nuclear medicine probes that have great clinical value for PCa molecular imaging are also discussed.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Chushi Huowei Decoction in treating inflammation of gastric relict of spleen-stomach damp heat type. Methods Totally 62 patients with inflammation of gastric relict were divided into treatment group and control group with random number table, 31 patients in each group. The control group was given hydrotalcite and the treatment group was treated by adding of Chushi Huowei Decoction. After eight-week treatment, the clinical efficacy, gastric mucosal lesions efficacy, and gastric mucosal pathology efficacy of the two groups were compared. Results Eight-weeks later, traditional Chinese medicine symptom scores of both groups were obviously lower than those before treatment (P<0.01). And the decrease in the treatment group was more obvious than that in the control group (P<0.01). Curative effects of gastric mucosal lesions and pathologic condition in treatment group were better than those in the control group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Neither groups had any adverse reaction. Conclusion Chushi Huowei Decoction has reliable therapeutic effect and safety in treating inflammation of gastric relict of spleen-stomach damp heat type.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Endoscopy ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Septum ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Young Adult

Objective To observe the effects of the Ossatron high-energy shock waves on bone nonunion and delayed union.Methods Between October 2004 and October 2005,18 patients with nonunion and four patients with delayed union were treated with high-energy extracorporeal shock wave therapy(Ossatron,HMT Co., Swiss).Facture lines were located with C-arm X-ray before treatment.Parameters of shock waves were decided according to fracture sites.Patients with unstable fixation received plaster or bracing for 6 to 8 weeks after treatment. After therapy,follow-up radiography was performed at 6 and 12 weeks and monthly afterwards until the fracture united. Results The mean follow-up was 6.7 months(range,3 to 12 months).There were no complications except local petechial hemorrhage and local swelling in 10 patients.Thirteen patients(59.1%)got bony union,including 12 patients(66.7% )with stable internal fixation,and the average healing time was 4.3 months(range,6 weeks to 6 months).Nine fractures(40.9%)still suffered nonunion.Conclusion High-energy shock waves are a good alternative therapy for nonunion and delayed union,with obvious advantages of being non-invasive and safe.

Objective To investigate the histological and biochemical responses associated with periprosthetic osteolysis,including the changes of tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?),osteoprotegerin(OPG) and os- teoprotegeria ligand (OPEL) in the interface membrane in rat models so as to understand the mechanisms of these interactions.Methods Twenty-four male SD rats were used in this study.A titanium alloy plug was inserted into each distal femur through the knee joint.Polyethylene particles were injected into the left knee at 2,4,6,8 and 10 weeks after implantation of the plugs.Saline solution was injected into the right knee as the control.The animals were killed 12 weeks after implantation.The distal femur was taken from each knee to make histological sections. The samples were made decalcified and stained with hematoxylin and eosin.The histopathological changes were observed under a light microscope.The concentrations of TNF-?in the membrane were assayed by a ELISA kit and the mRNA expressions of OPG and OPEL extracted from the tissue around the plug were detected by RT-PCR. Results The interface membrane taken from the experimental side was found to contain extensive fibrous tissues which extended deeply into the surrounding hone.TNF-?concentrations in the membrane of the experimental side were higher than in the control membrane.There was a significant decrease of OPG mRNA and a significant increase of OPGL mRNA in the membrane around the plug at the experimental side compared with the control side.Con- clusions Polyethylene particles can induce inflammatory responses around the titanium alloy plug.The increase of OPGL expression and reduction of OPG expression in membrane at the experimental side may be induced by TNF-?. Such changes might contribute to the differentiation of osteoclasts and result in the periprosthetic osteolysis.

Aged ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Receptors, Interleukin-2 ; blood ; Silicosis ; blood ; classification ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; metabolism

The expression of specific genes in sex chromosomes is the basis of sex-specific membrane protein in mammalian spermatozoa. The gene expression products are shared among spermatozoa through intercellular bridges, however, the phenomena of male transmission-ratio distortion and sex ratio distortion proved that differential proteins exist between X and Y spermatozoa. In addition, the existence of sex-specific proteins was confirmed by the separation experiment of X/Y chromosome bearing spermatozoa and the detection result of sex specific proteins. At the same time, it was also confirmed that the difference of the sex-specific protein is weak . The advance of separation techniques as well as the integration and optimization among these techniques has made it possible to separate sex-specific membrane proteins in mammalian spermatozoa.

Traditional Mongolian medicine Digeda processes a significant importance in clinical therapy with notably actions of heat-clear and detoxication effects. This paper intends to provide comprehensive insight into the species textual research, chemical constituents, qualitative identification, pharmacology and clinical application of Mongolian medicine Digeda to provide valuable data for further studies and the development of clinical applications of these medicinal plants.
Geography ; Humans ; Medicine, Mongolian Traditional ; methods ; Pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; growth & development

Bacteremia ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Listeria monocytogenes ; isolation & purification ; Male

Objective To evaluate the potential risk of aorta injury by simulating different lateral misplacement patterns of thoracic pedicle screws (TPS) in the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).Methods From December 2010 to August 2011,50 AIS patients were admitted to our hospital,including 7 males and 43 females,aged from 13 to 18 years (average,15.3±2.6 years).All patients underwent axial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans from T5 to T12.The left pedicle-aorta (LtP-Ao) angle and distance were measured on the axial MR images by the software of PACS Client.The lateral misplacement of pedicle screw was simulated with variable direction errors (10°,20°,30°) and different lengths of pedicle screw (30 mm,35 mm,40 mm).A total of nine patterns of lateral pedicle screw misplacement were set up,and a warning misplacement was defined as the mimic pedicle screw crossed the aorta.The percentages of warning misplacement were compared in each pattern of lateral pedicle screw misplacement and each level from T5 to T12.Correlation analysis was made between the percentages of warning misplacement and the direction errors as well as length of pedicle screw.Results The mean LtP-Ao angle increased from 34.3°±8.5° at T5 level to 45.7°±4.1° at T7 level,and then gradually decreased to 9.2°±5.6° at T12 level.The mean LtP-Ao distance increased from 28.2±7.3 mm at T5 level to 37.7±6.5 mm at T12 level.The percentages of warning misplacement were positive correlation with the direction errors and length of pedicle screw.The percentage of warning misplacement was higher at the T11 level.Conclusion The potential risk of aorta injury increases with enlarging of direction error and lengthening of thoracic pedicle screw,particularly at the T11 level.