Objective To evaluate the relationship between carotid artery plagues and the clinical risk factors in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 by observing the ultrasonic characteristics of carotid atherosclerosis plagues.Methods The ultrasound results of carotid arteries in 665 patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 from January 2009 to December 2011 in Beijing Amery General Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.The location and quantity of carotid atherosclerotic plaques were observed .The relationship between the occurrence and risk factors of diabetes such as hypertension ,family history of diabetes and age were analyzed.Single factor and multi-factor analysis were applied for the related risk factors .Results The ultrasonography showed 405 cases of carotid artery plaques.Most carotid artery plaques were located in the posterior wall of carotid sinus and were hyperechoic ,hypoechoic or isoechoic.The single factor analysis showed hypertension,family history of diabetes and age are risk factors of carotid atherosclerosis (χ2 =42.322,9.682 and 140.658,all P<0.01).Multi-factor logistic regression analysis showed age was an independent risk factor of carotid atherosclerosis in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2.The risk factors scores of patients who were less than 45 years,45-65 years and over 65 years of age were (3.50 ±1.16)scores,(3.46 ±0. 92)scores and (3.21 ±0.88)scores,and the difference was statistically significant (F=5.781,P<0.001). There were significant differences between risk factors scores of different age groups ( t =2.084,2.002, 3.786,3.474,2.877 and 2.504,all P<0.05).In patients more than 65 years of age,the risk of atherosclerosis plaques is 28.732 times higher than that of patients less than 45 years of age.After controlling the age factor,the possibility of atherosclerosis plaque increased 1.201 times for each additional one point of score. Conclusions Most carotid artery plaques in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 are located in the posterior wall of carotid sinus and are hyperechoic ,hypoechoic or isoechoic.Age is an independent risk factor for the formation of carotid plaque.Patients more than 45 years of age should undergo early intervention to avoid the occurrence of major vascular complications .

Objective To investigate the changes of serum and bile from victims attacked by infantile hepatitis syndrome(IHS).Methods The constituents from 42 IHS subjects and 16 controls,including total bilirubin(TB),direct bilirubin(DB),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),glutamyltranspeptidase(?-GT),total bile acid(TBA),interleukin 6(IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor ?(TNF-? )both in bile and serum,were assayed by fully-auto chemistry analyzer and ELISA,respectively.The subjects of IHS were divided into cholestasis group and hepatitis group.Results Of IHS group,the values of serumal TB,DB,ALT,?-GT,TBA,IL-6 and TNF-? were higher than those of control(P_a

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new drug,human urinary kallidinogenase,against acute brain infarction.Method A 15-center,randomized,double-blinded and 3:1 placebo-controlled study was carried out.Acute brain infarction within 48 hours of onset in the territory of the middle cerebral artery were indicated as subjects;kallidinogenase or placebo which was dissolved in 50 ml saline,was slowly injected intraveousely within 30 minutes daily for 3 weeks.The European Stroke Scale and Barthel Index were used to evaluate the neurological deficit and the activities of daily living(ADL),followed by a follow-up at the end of the third month.Results 446 patients were enrolled,who completed ITT analysis,including 330 in kallidinogenase group and 116 in placebo group,meanwhile 421 proceeded with PP analysis(311 and 110 respectively).There were no significant differences of the baseline data between the 2 groups.At the end of treatment,the ESS scores increased by 55.1%?33.0% and 44.7%?32.8% respectively in kallidinogenase group(KG)and placebo group(PG,P=0.0022),the difference being significant.PP analysis had similar results.As for ADL,follow-up 90 days after the treatment showed 374 cases followed,280 in KG and 94 in PG;1 died in PG,while none in KG.In KG,the cases whose BI≥50 were significantly more than those in PG(P=0.0228).Adverse events possibly or definitely attributable to the drug were observed in 27 cases(7.74%),mostly were mild,such as palpitation,flush,dizziness, nausea etc,without special management needed.Only 2 died which was confirmed not correlated to kallidinogenase,and another 2 cases of sudden blood pressure drop were observed.The blood pressure drop, quickly restoring soon after the withdrawal of kallidinogenase and use of hemopiesic drugs,was considered to be caused by the combination use of anti-hypertensive drug ACEI and quick infusion speed.Conclusion Kallidinogenase is efficacious for acute brain infarction in improving the neurological deficits,which is safe in clinical use.

OBJECTIVEThe present study is concerning qualitative and quantitative detection of Poria cocos quality based on FT-near infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometrics.

METHODThe Poria cocos polysaccharides contents were determined by UV. Transmission mode was used in the collection of NIR spectral samples. The pretreatment method was first derivation and vector normalization. Then principal component analysis (PCA) was used to build classification model and partial least square (PLS) to build the calibration model.

RESULTThe results showed that conventional criteria such as the R, root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC), and the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) are 0.944 0, 0.072 1 and 0.076 2, respectively. The misclassified sample is 0 using the qualitative model built by PCA.

CONCLUSIONThe prediction models based on NIR have a better performance with high precision, good stability and adaptability and can be used to predict the polysaccharose content of Poria cocos rapidly, which can provide a fast approach to discriminate the different parts of Poria cocos.

Fungal Polysaccharides ; analysis ; Least-Squares Analysis ; Poria ; chemistry ; Principal Component Analysis ; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared ; methods

Objective To explore the feasibility of evaluating the lung function by MSCT in emphysema.Methods The MSCT scan and pulmonary function tests(PFF)were respectively performed in 147 receptors within one week.They were randomly divided into 2 groups:group A(120 receptors), including normal,mild,moderate and severe abnormal pulmonary function based on the PFT,for comparing the correlation between pulmonary quantitative indexes of MSCT pulmonary function and PFT and settingup the primary grade criteria of abnormal pulmonary function in emphysema,group B(27 receptors)for evaluating the diagnostic accuracy in group A.The total lung was respectively scanned at the full inspiration and full expiration with MSCT.The pulmonary quantitative indexes of MSCT were measured with Siemens Pulmo pulmonary quantitative software.Results There was correlation between pulmonary quantitative indexes of MSCT and PFF.The Piex/in_(-910)showed best correlation with FEV_1%(r=-0.905,P

Objective:To compare the dosimetric difference between knowledge-based planning (KBP) volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) models for predicting the dose distribution during IMRT, aiming to investigate the feasibility of VMAT model to predict the IMRT plans.Methods:Fifty prostate cancer patients who had completed radiotherapy were selected. Manual planning was performed on each selected patient to generate the corresponding IMRT and VMAT plans. The IMRT and VMAT manual plans of the 40 randomly-selected patients were adopted to generate the KBP VMAT and IMRT models. The remaining 10 patients were utilized to predict IMRT plans. VMAT library-derived IMRT model (V-IMRT) and IMRT library-derived IMRT model (I-IMRT) were generated. Dosimetric parameters related to organ-at-risks (OARs) and planning target volume (PTV) were statistically compared among the manual IMRT (mIMRT), V-IMRT and I-IMRT plans.Results:Compared with the mIMRT plan, I-IMRT could significantly better control D max of the PTV ( P=0.039), whereas V-IMRT and I-IMRT plans could better protect the bladder and bilateral femoral heads (both P<0.05). V-IMRT plan could better protect the D max of bilateral femoral heads and the D 15% of the right femoral head (both P<0.05), whereas no significant difference was observed in other OARs and PTV (all P>0.05). Conclusions:Compared with the manual plans, KBP IMRT plan has significant advantages in protecting the OARs. KBP VMAT and IMRT models are both feasible in clinical practice, which yield equivalent accuracy for predicting IMRT plan.

Objective To study the expression of mdm2 genes in nephroblastoma in children and relationship between mdm2 gene and clinical pathological parameters.Methods The protein expressions of mdm2 in 24 cases of nephroblastoma were detected with S-P immunohistochemical method.The relationships between mdm2 expression and clinicopathological parameters were analyzed.Results The positive rates of mdm2 in 24 cases of nephroblastoma were correlated with lymph node metastasis,clinical stage and tumor differentiation.There was a positive relationship between mdm2 protein expression and clinicopathological parameters such as lymph node metastasis,clinical stage and degree of differentiation(P

Objective To investigate the characteristics of pulse wave velocity(PWV)and heart rate variability (HRV)and evaluate their feasibility in grading the cardiovascular risk in patients with isolated systolic hypertension (ISH).Methods Eighty-nine ISH patients and systolic-diastolic hypertension patients(DH,n=98)admitted in our hospital were submitted carotid-radial PWV(crPWV),carotid femoral PWV(cfPWV)and HRV,ISH patients were categorized depending on their risk grade as:low risk group(n=3),moderate risk group(n=17),high risk group(n=35)and very high risk group(n=34).Results The cfPWV in ISH patients is significantly higher than that of sys-diastolic hypertension group(ISH: 399.6?48.2 vs sys diastolic hypertension:374.3?39.7 cm/s,P0.05).The LF in ISH group are markedly higher than those in DH(ISH:4.35?1.07 log ms~2 vs 3.78?0.82 log ms~2,P 0.05).LF are markedly positive correlated with the degree of the total cardiovascular risk(rs=0.438,P

Objective To evaluate the significance of CT assessment for extraarticular anatomy in treatment of displaced intraarticular calcaneal fractures.Methods(1)Measurement of normal calcaneum 40 pieces of adult calcaneum specimen were measured,items of measurement included height of culmination of posterior facet and tuberosity,width of posterior edge of sustentaculum and tuberosity.(2)CT measurement of calcaneum.Transverse(axial)and coronal CT scanning were obtained from 20 feet with displaced intraarticular calcaneal and 20 normal feet as control.Following items were measured in CT scanning:the height of culmination of posterior facet and tuberosity,the coronal talocalcaneal angle,in coronal scanning,the width of posterior edge of sustentaculum and tuberosity,the axial calcaneocuboid angle,in axial scanning.Results(1)Measurement of height of calcaneum height of culmination of posterior facet and tuberosity of calcaneal specimen were(43.07?2.85)mm and(44.69?3.67)mm respectively,and these two items from CT scanning of normal feet were(42.84?1.66)mm,(43.40? 3.01)nun,and from CT scanning of feet with calcaneal fractures were(34.76?3.24)mm,(40.41? 3.69)mm.There was a statistically significant different between these two items for normal calcaneal specimen and for CT scanning of feet with ealcaneal fractures(P

OBJECTIVETo investigate the biological effects of ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation on human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE cells) and explore the possible mechanism.

METHODSThe survival rates of 16HBE cells were detected by MTT assay at 12 h after UVB irradiation at different doses (0, 10, 30, 50, 70, and 100 J/m(2)) or at 50 J/m(2) for different durations (2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h). The DNA ladder was detected by agarose gel electrophoresis, the cell cycle changes were analyzed by flow cytometry, and the expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/p65 protein was assayed by Western blotting following the exposures.

RESULTSUVB irradiation of the cells resulted in lowered cell survival rates, DNA fragmentation, S phase arrest and up-regulation of NF-κB/p65 protein expression.

CONCLUSIONSUVB irradiation can induce growth inhibition and apoptosis of 16HBE cells, in which process NF-κB protein may play a key role.

Apoptosis ; radiation effects ; Bronchi ; cytology ; Cell Line ; Cell Survival ; radiation effects ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; radiation effects ; Humans ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Ultraviolet Rays ; adverse effects