Objective To explore the optimal method of anesthesia in radical resection of gastric cancer by comparing the effects of two anesthesia techniques on the balance of Th1/Th2 in order to provide evidence for clinical anesthesia manage-ment.Methods Forty patients who underwent elective radical resection of gastric cancer were randomized into two groups:in-halation anesthesia group(group S)and total intravenous anesthesia group(group P),in which sevoflurane and propofol were ad-ministered for the induction and maintenance of anesthesia,respectively.The general data of the patients were collected,the tis-sue type of tumors obtained and the fluid infusion and blood loss volumes recoded.The VAS score was obtained 1 h,6 h and 5 d after the surgery.Before the induction of anesthesia,6 h and 5 d after surgery,the blood samples were drawn to determine the serum levels of IL-1β,IFN-γ,TNF-α,IL-2,IL-6 and IL-10.Flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of CD3+CD8-IFN-γ+ and CD3+CD8-IL-10+ cells and the Th1/Th2 ratio was calculated.Results The level of IL-6 was increased post-sur-gically in groups S and P(P<0.05).There were no significant changes in the levels of IL-1β,IL-2 and IL-10 in groups S and P and in the levels of TNF-αand IFN-γ,and the Th1/Th2 ratio in group S between before the induction of anesthesia and different time points after the surgery(P>0.05).The levels of TNF-αand IFN-γ,and the Th1/Th2 ratio were significantly increased in group P 5 d after the surgery(P<0.05).Conclusion Total intravenous anesthesia with propofol can enhance Th1 response and it is an ideal anesthetic method for radical resection of gastric cancer.

Actinomycosis ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Ovarian Diseases ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery

Adult ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; therapeutic use ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Tripterygium ; chemistry

Adolescent ; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated ; diagnosis ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Graves Disease ; complications ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Humans

Objective To establish a multi-drug resistant model of temporal lobe epilepsy,and to observe the changes of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor expression in the hippocampal tissues so as to explore its effects in pharmacoresistant epileptogenesis.Methods One hundred rats were selected to prepare the amygdaloid kindled model of epilepsy by chronic stimulation of amygaloid basal lateral nucleus.After the kindled model of epilepsy was prepared successfully(n =52),pharmacoresistant epileptic rats were selected according to their response to the phenobabital and phenytoin.The selected pharmacoresistant epileptic rats (n =8)were sacrificed and the hippocampus was removed to determine the GABA receptor expression,and the same number of pharmacosensitive epileptic rats was used as control.Results The pharmacoresistant epileptic rats displayed degenerative and necrotic hippocampal neurons.The arrangement of hippocampal neurons was disordered,and the structural characteristics of the arrangement of the hippocampal neurons disappeared.The gray values of GABAA-positive neurons in the hippocampal tissues (141.15 ± 14.72) increased significantly compared with the pharmacosensitive epileptic rats (92.56 ± 5.17; t =3.380,P =0.006).Western blot method demonstrated that the band of GABAA became narrowed and thin.The relative quantity of GABAA in the hippocampal tissues (0.38 ± 0.08) decreased significantly as compared with the pharmacosensitive epileptic rats (0.88 ± 0.18).A significant difference was observed (t =5.420,P =0.002).Conclusions GABA receptor expression might be decreased in the hippocampal tissues of pharmacoresistant epileptic rats.It might play a certain role in the formation of pharnmacoresistant epilepsy.

Animals ; Asthma ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Genistein ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Guinea Pigs ; Interleukin-4 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Janus Kinase 1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Lung ; metabolism ; Male ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use

Objective To establish a multi-drug resistant model of temporal lobe epilepsy,and then the sodium current of pyramidal neurons in CA1 areas of the hippocampus was used as as index to observe the effect of hippocampal stimulation on pharmacoresistant epileptic rats.Methods Eighty Wistar rats were selected to prepare an amygdaloid kindled model of epilepsy by chronic stimulation of amygaloid basal lateral nucleus.When the kindled model of epilepsy was prepared successfully,the pharmacoresistant epileptic rats were selected according their response to phenobabital and phenytoin.The selected pharmacoresistant epileptic rats were divided into a hippocampal stimulation group (HS group) and a pharmacoresistant control group (PR group).A low-frequency hippocampal stimulation was performed in the HS group,while the PR group received sham stimulation.The whole-cell recording technique by patch-clamp was used to observe the changes of sodium current of hippocampal pyramidal neurons after the hippocampal stimulation.Results Compared with the PR group,the pharmacoresistant epileptic rats in HS group underwent low-frequency stimulation for 2 weeks showed that the amygdale stimulus-induced seizures were decreased (2.32 ± 0.38 in HS group and 4.45 ± 0.42 in PR group,t =84.600,P =0.000) and the parameters of the after-discharges were improved significantly.In HS group,the peak current shifted towards depolarization,the sodium channels were difficult to activate,and were more susceptible to inactivation.Moreover,the recovery time after the sodium channel inactivation was slower in HS group ((17.9 ±0.6) s) than in PR group((16.3 +0.3) s,t =-25.420,P =0.000).Conclusions Hippocampal stimulation may inhibit the sodium channel current of pyramidal neurons in CA1 areas of hippocampus.The mechanism of hippocampal stimulation in the treatment of pharmacoresistant epilepsy might be achieved partly by inhibiting the sodium channel current so as to decrease the excitability of hippocampal neurons.

Objective: To investigate the rationality of decompressing extraction on Salvia mihiorrhiza and to optimize the decompressing extraction process of salvianolic acid B from S. mihiorrhiza. Methods: HPLC was applied to determining the content of salvianolic acid B. Plackett-Burman design, Box-Behnken design, and response surface analysis were used to screen the main factors and optimize the decompressing extraction process for salvianolic acid B. Results: The optimal decompressing extraction process for salvianolic acid B is that S. mihiorrhiza was immersed in water for 12 h and kept in the dark before extracting, the optimal process parameters were as follows: extraction temperature 80°C, extraction time 89 min, and the ratio of liquid to solid 11. Under this condition, the experimental results for extracted content of salvianolic acid B was 5.01% on average. The deviation rate of predicted value was -1.54% on average. The establishing mathematical model was consistent with the experimental data. Compared with the atmospheric pressure extraction, the content of salvianolic acid B was increased by 28.87% and the dry extract yield was reduced by 9.01%. Conclusion: Using Plackett-Burman design and Box-Behnken design method to optimize the decompressing extraction process of salvianolic acid B from S. mihiorrhiza is scientific and feasible. The method is reliable, accurate, reproducible, and predicted. The decompressing extraction is suitable for the extraction of salvianolic acid B.

The recent study on gastric retenting drug delivery system (GRDDS) used in Chinese medicinal formule has been summaried and overviewed in this paper. The key problems about the development of GRDDS have been explored, the influence about absence of the system for in vivo-in vitro correlation (IVIVC) analyzed, especially the evaluation on IVIVC model discussed, and the possible approach that artificial neural networks (ANN) are applied in GRDDS for Chinese medicinal formule has been put forward. The processing technology, evaluation of IVIVC, and the advantage, characteristic, and problems of the application of ANN have been studied in order to provide the reference for innovating research of Chinese medicinal formule.

OBJECTIVETo systematically assess the efficacy and safety of Rhodiola in treating chronic stable angina pectoris.

METHODSOur group searched the Cochrane library, PubMed, Embase, Chinese biomedical literature database (CBM), VIP database (VIP), Chinese Journal Full-text Database (CNKI) for the literature published in English and Chinese till April 2013. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included on the therapeutic effect of Rhodiola or Rhodiola plus conventional Western medicine in comparison with the conventional Western medicine treatment on stable angina. Data were extracted according the data extraction form. The literature methodological quality was assessed by using the Cochrane handbook, and data analyzed by Rev-Man 5.2 Software for Meta-analysis. The effect indicators of outcomes was expressed by odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI.

RESULTSA total of 7 randomized controlled trials, 662 cases of stable angina pectoris patients met the inclusion criteria and all published in Chinese, without one scientific design and high quality literature. Compared with the conventional Western medicine treatment, combined with oral administration of Rhodiola could improve the efficiency of anti-angina (OR = 2.49, 95% CI: 1.02 - 6.09). Combined with intravenous infusion of Rhodiola could also improve the efficacy of angina pectoris (OR = 4.86, 95% CI: 2.4 - 9.82). Oral administration of Rhodiola couldn't improve ECG efficacy (OR = 1.25, 95% CI: 0.67 - 2.34). Intravenous infusion of Rhodiola could improve the clinical efficacy (OR = 2.94, 95% CI: 1.61 - 5.35). Combined with the conventional treatment, intravenous infusion of Rhodiola could improve the whole blood viscosity (low and high shear rates) and inverse variance (IV) (-1.36 and -0.99, 95% CI: -1.65 - 1.07 and -1.26 - 0.71), but could not reduce serum fibrinogen and D-dimer level. The incidence rate of adverse reactions was higher than that of the conventional treatment combined with Rhodiola (OR = 0.1, 95% CI: 0.02 - 0.51).

CONCLUSIONSOn the basis of routine treatment, Rhodiola could further improve patients' symptoms. Combined with intravenous medication, Rhodiola could increase the ECG improvement rate, and reduce adverse reactions. But the methodological quality of included studies was poor, the number of samples was small, and influence factors such as the intervention period was short. This conclusion needs scientific and rational design in a larger sample, multicenter clinical trial to verify.