Objective To evaluate the clinicopathological features,treatments and prognostic factors of male breast cancer (MBC) patients.Methods Clinical data of 102 MBC patients with histopathology confirmation at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.Results All 102 cases got follow-up.The follow-up rate was 100％.The follow-up period was 3-279 months.The mean follow-up period was 65 months.During the follow-up period,recurrence was found in 21 cases,metastasis occurred in 28 cases (including pulmonary metastasis in 8,osseous metastasis in 7,hepatic metastasis in 9,brain metastasis in 3,and soft tissues and adrenal gland metastasis in 1).The 5-year disease free survival rate was 54.3％ and the 5-year overall survival rate was 72.8％.Univariate analysis showed that tumor size,axillary lymph node status,TNM stage,chemotherapy influenced the disease free and overall survival.Multivariate Cox regression shows that axillary lymph node status (P =0.085)was the independent prognostic factor of disease free survival for MBC.Tumor size(P =0.041)and axillary lymph node (P =0.024) status were independent prognostic factors of overall survival for MBC.Conclusions Early diagnosis and comprehensive treatment strategy consisting of radical mastectomy is essential to improve the survival of patients with MBC.

Promotion of outstanding people to head nurses is key to hospital nursing management.In view of the current shortcomings in the analysis of appraisal data and the interpretation of appraisal results,the analysis of means(ANOM)method is introduced to the process of hospital human resource management.The proposed method aims to solve the problem when the score differences between interviewers are great and the score differences between candidates are small.An example for head nurses' promotion appraisal in a hospital is offered to demonstrate that statistical tools can provide the decision support for hospital personnel selection.Finally,the application differences between ANOM and analysis of variance(ANOVA) in human resources appraisal are compared.

OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this study was to investigate how different surface roughness of opaque porcelain influence reflectance and CIE L* value of porcelain fused to metal (PFM) restorations.

METHODS48 casted Ni-Cr alloy metal specimens (12.0 mm x 1.0 mm) were fabricated with ShoFu Vintage Halo porcelain and divided into six groups, eight pieces for each group. The specimens in the first group without polishing were used as control. Other groups were polished against 200-, 400-, 600-, 800-, and 1000-grit sandpaper after sintered, respectively. Surface roughness and color parameters of the specimens were measured with a Surface Roughometer EX2154-13 and a spectrocolorimeter, respectively. Ra (arithmetical mean deviation of the profile) was the main standard value to describe the surface roughness of many kinds of meatal or porcelain materials, and here we used it to express surface roughness of opaque porcelain. The data were statistically analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (alpha = 0.05) in SPSS 13.0.

RESULTSThe reflectance value increased from 72.386 +/- 3.953 to 78.671 +/- 3.408, and CIE L* value from 90.189 +/- 1.200 to 93.496 +/- 1.070 with the increasing of surface roughness (Ra) of opaque porcelain from (0.226 +/- 0.069) microm to (0.706 +/- 0.082) microm. The same magnitude were also observed after body porcelain and enamel porcelain were sintered on with reflectance increased from 76.301 +/- 3.097 to 81.529 +/- 4.028, and CIE L* value from 80.694 +/- 1.564 to 84.604 +/- 2.964.

CONCLUSIONThe surface roughness of opaque porcelain had effects on the reflectance and value of PFM restorations. Within the limitation of this study, the recommended Ra range of opaque porcelain was 0.23-0.50 microm.

Color ; Dental Porcelain ; Materials Testing ; Metal Ceramic Alloys ; Metals ; Surface Properties

OBJECTIVETo investigate the inhibition effect of arsenic trioxide (AS(2)O(3)) on the growth of human MDS-RAEB cell line MUTZ-1 cells and to explore the possible cellular and molecular mechanisms.

METHODSThe apoptosis and differentiation of MUTZ-1 cells induced by AS(2)O(3) solution of different concentrations were studied with cell morphology, MTT, DNA fragmentation assay, RT-PCR, Nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction method and flow cytometry.

RESULT(1) Low concentration ofAS(2)O(3) (0.05 - 0.25 micromol/L) had no marked growth inhibition effect on MUTZ-1 cells; after 14 d treatment, it down-regulated the expression of positive cell differentiation antigens CD38, CD7, CD10, HLA-DR (P<0.05), but did not up-regulate the expression of CD11b (P>0.05). (2) After treatment with 1.0 - 20.0 micromol/L of AS(2)O(3), MUTZ-1 cells presented typical features of apoptosis with a dose dependent manner (r=-0.999, P<0.05). The expression of bcl-2 mRNA and the ration of bcl-2/bax were decreased after AS(2)O(3) treatment (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONLow concentration of (2)O(3) may have partial differentiation inducement on MUTZ-1 cells. With a certain range of dose (1.0 - 20.0 micromol/L), (2)O(3) can induce apoptosis of MUTZ-1 cells. (2)O(3) can significantly down-regulate bcl-2 and it might be one of the mechanisms of (2)O(3) treatment.

Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Arsenicals ; pharmacology ; Cell Division ; drug effects ; DNA ; analysis ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Oxides ; pharmacology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein

Adult ; Cosmetics ; adverse effects ; chemistry ; Female ; Humans ; Hypothyroidism ; chemically induced ; Mercuric Chloride ; adverse effects ; analysis ; Mercury ; adverse effects ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo study the expression of gastric and intestinal phenotypic markers in gastric signet-ring cell (SRC) carcinoma and the relationship with the clinicopathologic parameters and prognosis.

METHODSImmunohistochemical study was carried out in 91 cases of early-stage SRC carcinoma using MUC1, MUC5AC and MUC6 antibodies as the gastric phenotypic markers and MUC2 and CDX2 antibodies as the intestinal phenotypic markers. According to the expression of phenotypic markers, the tumors were classified into three different subgroups: gastric, intestinal and mixed. The findings were analyzed together with various clinical parameters and follow-up data.

RESULTSAmongst the 91 cases studied, 53 cases (58.2%) belonged to gastric type, 22 cases (24.2%) mixed type and 16 cases (17.6%) intestinal type. The positive rates of MUC2 and CDX2 in early submucosal carcinoma were significantly higher than those in mucosal carcinoma (P < 0.01). On the other hand, the rates of MUC5AC and MUC6 expression in early submucosal carcinoma were significantly lower than those in mucosal carcinoma (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05). The rates of MUC2 and CDX2 expression in cases with lymph node metastasis and vascular invasion were significantly higher than those in cases without nodal or vascular involvement (P < 0.05). The expression of CDX2 was also significantly higher in cases with larger tumor size (P < 0.05). Cases with intestinal phenotype more likely had invasion deeper than mucosal layer and carried higher chance of lymph node metastasis (P = 0.000 and P = 0.003). Intestinal and mixed types correlated with shortened five-year survival.

CONCLUSIONSThe intestinal type of SRC carcinoma is associated with poorer biologic behavior and prognosis, as compared with that of the gastric type. Classification on the basis of immunophenotypic markers may be useful in predicting prognosis and guiding treatment for patients with gastric SRC carcinoma.

Adult ; Aged ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; CDX2 Transcription Factor ; Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell ; classification ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Homeodomain Proteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mucin 5AC ; metabolism ; Mucin-1 ; metabolism ; Mucin-2 ; metabolism ; Mucin-6 ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Staging ; Phenotype ; Stomach Neoplasms ; classification ; metabolism ; pathology ; Survival Rate ; Young Adult

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Bai Xiao moxibustion plus electroacupuncture in treating lumbar intervertebral disc herniation (LIDH). Method Ninety-six LIDH patients were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 48 cases each. The treatment group was intervened by Bai Xiao moxibustion plus electroacupuncture, while the control group was intervened by electroacupuncture alone. Before and after the treatment, the lower back pain scores of Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were evaluated, and the clinical efficacies of the two groups were compared. Result The JOA and VAS lower back pain scores were changed significantly after the treatment in both groups (P<0.05). After the treatment, the JOA and VAS lower back pain scores of the treatment group were significantly different from those of the control group (P<0.05). The pain release time was (2.95±0.59)d after the intervention in the treatment group versus (4.26±0.68)d in the control group, and the between-group difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The total effective rate was 95.7％ in the treatment group versus 91.7％ in the control group, and the between-group difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Bai Xiao moxibustion plus electroacupuncture is an effective method in treating LIDH and it can reduce the lower back pain.

To explore the correlation between the cellular inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (cIAPs) and the apoptosis of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) cell line (RAEB type) cells induced by aclacinomycin (ACM), the apoptosis of MDS cell line MUTZ-1 cells induced by ACM was analyzed with terminal deoxyribonucleotidy transferase mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) technique. By using semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), the expression levels of cIAP-1 and cIAP-2 mRNA in MUTZ-1 cells were assayed. The results showed as follow: (1) Using 0.5 micromol/L, 1.0 micromol/L ACM treated cells for 24 hours, the relative expression level of cIAP-1 mRNA (cIAP-1/GAPDH) was lower than those in the untreated cell group (P=0.002, 0.0002, respectively). (2) Using 0.5 micromol/L ACM treated for 6, 12, 24 hours, the relative expression level of cIAP-1 mRNA was 0.95 +/- 0.04, 0.73 +/- 0.05, 0.38 +/- 0.07, respectively and the relative expression level of cIAP-1 mRNA was correlated negatively with the time treated by ACM (r=-0.996, P <0.01). (3) Using 0.5 micromol/L ACM treated for 3, 6, 12, 24 hours, the relative expression level of cIAP-2 mRNA was 1.17 +/- 0.06, 0.91 +/- 0.03, 0.69 +/- 0.07 and 0.00 +/- 0.00, respectively and relative expression level of CIAP-2 mRNA was correlated negatively with the time treated by ACM (r=-0.091, P <0.01). (4) The percentages of TUNEL positive cells were correlated negatively with the relative expression level of CIAP1 and CIAP2 mRNA (r=-0.984, -0.959 and P=0.002, 0.013 respectively) when treated with increasing concentration of ACM. In conclusion, ACM can induce significantly MUTZ-1 cell apoptosis via suppressing expression of anti-apoptotic gene cIAP-1 and cIAP-2 mRNA.
Aclarubicin ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Humans ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Proteins ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; Time Factors ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases

Forkhead box (Fox) proteins play critical roles in the regulation of differentiation, proliferation, immunity and aging of cells. Most studies on Fox proteins are limited to cultured cells and rodent. The aim of the current study is to detect by immunohistrochemistry whether FoxO1, FoxO3a and FoxO4 proteins are localized in the stomach and intestine of the pig. The results showed that FoxO4 exists in the mucosa in all parts of the stomach and intestine; FoxO3a exists mainly in the lamina propria and muscularis of some parts. However, FoxO1 is not detectable in all parts of the stomach and intestine. Collectively, the results of the present study indicate that there exists a distinct expression pattern of Fox proteins, and that FoxO4 is a primary forkhead transcriptional factor localized in the gastrointestinal tracts of the pig.
Animals ; Female ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; metabolism ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Sus scrofa ; metabolism ; Tissue Distribution

This study aimed to investigate the reconstruction of the thumb and finger extension function in patients with middle and lower trunk root avulsion injuries of the brachial plexus.From April 2010 to January 2015,we enrolled in this study 4 patients diagnosed with middle and lower trunk root avulsion injuries of the brachial plexus via imaging tests,electrophysiological examinations,and clinical confirmation.Muscular branches of the radial nerve,which innervate the supinator in the forearm,were transposed to the posterior interosseous nerve to reconstruct the thumb and finger extension function.Electrophysiological findings and muscle strength of the extensor pollicis longus and extensor digitorum communis,as well as the distance between the thumb tip and index finger tip,were monitored.All patients were followed up for 24 to 30 months,with an average of 27.5 months.Motor unit potentials (MUP) of the extensor digitorum communis appeared at an average of 3.8 months,while MUP of the extensor pollicis longus appeared at an average of 7 months.Compound muscle action potential (CMAP) appeared at an average of 9 months in the extensor digitorum communis,and 12 months in the extensor pollicis longus.Furthermore,the muscle strength of the extensor pollicis longus and extensor digitorum communis both reached grade Ⅲ at 21 months.Lastly,the average distance between the thumb tip and index finger tip was 8.8 cm at 21 months.In conclusion,for patients with middle and lower trunk injuries of the brachial plexus,transposition of the muscular branches of the radial nerve innervating the supinator to the posterior interosseous nerve for the reconstruction of thumb and finger extension function is practicable and feasible.