Objective To evaluate the short-term therapeutic effect of entecavir in treatment of HBV-related liver failure.Methods Randomized controlled trails on treatment of HBV-related liver failure with entecavir were searched in Embase,PubMed,BIOSIS Previews,HMIC,CNKI,Wanfang data,cqvip and SinoMed from March 2005 to September 2012.Meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.0 software.Fixed effects model or random effect model was used according to heterogeneity differences.To evaluate the effect of entecavir,risk ratio (RR) was applied to assess the improvement of mortality rate and HBV DNA negative conversion rate,and weighted men differences (WMD) was applied to assess the changes of alanine aminotransferase (ALT),total bilirubin (TBil),albumin (Alb) and plasma thromboplastin antecedent (PTA) levels.Funnel plots and fail-safe number were used for sensitivitypublication bias analysis.Results Totally 10 eligible literatures with 790 patients were included in this analysis.Compared with the controls,the mortality rate (RR =0.68,95％ CI =0.56 to 0.81,Z =4.21,P＜0.01),TBil (WMD=-133.97,95％CI=-185.15 to-82.78,Z=5.13,P＜0.01) and ALT (WMD =-99.81,95％ CI =-187.37 to-12.24,Z =2.23,P ＜ 0.01) levels were lower in entecavir group,while HBV DNA negative conversion rate (RR =5.21,95％ CI =3.66 to 7.42,Z =9.15,P ＜0.01),PTA(WMD=21.49,95％CI=19.32 to 23.67,Z=19.37,P＜0.01) and Alb (WMD=3.81,95％CI=1.24 to 6.37,Z=2.91,P＜0.01) were higher in the entecavir group.Conclusion Entecavir can significantly reduce mortality rate,ALT and TBil levels,improve PTA,Alb levels and increase HBV DNA negative conversion rate for patients with HBV-related liver failure.

Objective To observe the clinical characteristics and improve the diagnosis and treatment of right coronary artery anomalies in children.Methods The clinical characteristics,laboratory examination,treatment and prognosis were retrospectively analyzed in children with right coronary artery anomalies (complex cardiac anomalies was excluded),who were admitted into Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from January 2009 to December 2014.Results A total of 8 medical records of children with right coronary artery anomalies,among whom 5 cases were male and 3 cases were female,with a mean age of (7.06 ± 1.37) years old.In these 8 patients,there were 5 patients with right coronary artery originating from left coronary sinus,1 patient with right coronary artery originating from left wall of aorta,1 patient with single left coronary artery type Lipton L Ⅱ,and 1 patient with right coronary artery absence.The main symptoms included chest distress,chest pain and palpitation in elder children,but in infants,the primary symptom was poor feeding.One case of these patients represented syncope.Electrocardiogram of these patients showed ST-T wave changes,sinoatrial block,and sinus arrest.Ultrasonic cardiogram failed to discover the coronary artery anomalies.Four cases showed enlarged left ventricular end-diastolic diameter,and 1 case showed slight decrease of left ventricular ejection function.All 8 patients were given myocardial tonic with limitation in doing exercise,and clinical follow-up studies were conducted for 6 months.Four patients with enlarged left ventricular were treated with Captopril,and 3 patients of them recovered after 3 to 6 months.Two patients with sinus node malfunction were treated with permanent pacemaker implantation in other hospitals.Conclusions Right coronary artery anomaly in children is rare.Patients with cardiac ischemia and sinus node malfunction should be aware of right coronary malformation.64-section multidetector computerized tomography angiography can diagnose right coronary artery anomalies.To patients with right coronary artery anomalies,vigorous exercises should be avoided to decrease adverse cardiac events.

With the development of automated quantitative detection of serum hepatitis B surface antigen ( HBsAg) , HBsAg quantification is becoming increasingly important in management of chronic HBV infections.Studies have shown that HBsAg quantification together with HBV DNA load may be used to monitor the natural history of chronic HBV infection as well as to predict the clinical outcome of interferon treatment.However, there is no consensus on the clinical use of HBsAg quantification for evaluating patients′responses to nucleos( t) ide analogues therapy.This paper reviews the up-to-date clinical studies on the clinical significance of HBsAg quantification in management of chronic HBV infection.

Histone acetyltransferases(HATs) faciliate histone acetylation and histone deacetylases(HDACs) serve to remove acetyl groups from histones.The activation and repression of gene expression can be regulated by the acetylation of histone or specific genes.It is certified that acetylation of related genes is down-regulated in diabetic retinopathy,retinal ischemia-reperfusion,degenerative retinopathy,infective retinopathy and retinal tumors,which results in cell apoptosis and retinal dysfunction.So the physiology and pathology of retina have a close relation.The effects of histone acetylation and deacetylases on retinal diseases are still studying because of the complexity and diversity of genetic modification io epigenetic inheritance.This article reviewed the classification of HATs and HDACs and their inhibitors,their effects and function,their relationship to retinopathy,and discuss the protection of their inhibitors to retina.

Heart failure is a common critical disease in children.Systolic heart failure can be caused by common diseases in children such as congenital heart disease,fulminant myocarditis and arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy.Positive inotropic drug is the most common medication for treating systolic heart failure in children.Common inotropic drug includes digitalis,β-receptor agonist,phosphodiesterase inhibitor and calcium sensitizers.This article reviewed the using and progress of positive inotopic drugs.

Objective To describe the academic impact of publications from National Institute of Parasitic Diseases （NIPD），Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention，so as to give the quantity evidence for scientific research decision making. Methods The SCIE papers of NIPD published from 2011-2015 were searched and statistically analyzed. The number of published papers，citation frequencies，h⁃index，and funding resources were analyzed. The academic impact of the institute was assessed according to these data. Result A total of 361 papers were published by NIPD，and the quantity increased year by year. The majority type is original articles. The total citations were 1 641 times，the average citation per paper was 5.19 and h⁃index was 17. The majority of these papers were published in foreign professional periodicals，whose impact factors were between 1.194 and 6.751. The major resources of NIPD were from China，and NIPD also had good collaborations with institutions in US and Switzerland. In China and Asia，NIPD led the research in the field of parasitology and tropical medicine. Conclusion The quantity and quality of annual published papers of NIPD are on the rise. However，NIPD lagged behind the leading institutions in the world.

Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Rhinitis ; Sinusitis

Acromioclavicular Joint ; injuries ; surgery ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Joint Dislocations ; surgery ; Ligaments ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures

Dynactin is a multi-subunit complex that has been implicated in the function of cytoplasmic dynein which is a minus end - directed microtubule motor protein with numerous functions including nuclear migration, mitotic spindle orientation, and cytoskeletal reorientation during interphase and mitosis. Dynamitin,the 50 kD subunit of dynactin, is important for stabilizing the dynactin complex. To gain more insight into the mechanism of stabilizing, we analyzed the sequence of dynamitin and revealed that domains of dynamitin is homology to the Walker A and Walker B ATPase motifs. The purified GST-dynamitin and GST-free dynamitin both showed ATPase activity specifically. An inactivating mutation in the Walker A, but not the Walker B ATPase motif abolished the ATPase activity of dynamitin. The mutational analysis studies further supported that dynamitin is an ATPase. Kinetic studies of the ATPase activity of dynamitin revealed a Km for ATP of 125.78μmol/L and a kcat of 7.4 min-1.

Influenza (simply as the flu) , a kind of acute respiratory infection, is a common contagious disease in human, wild birds, swine, horse and other fowls. Its onset is soon, infects quickly and spreading wide. It is a serious risk to people's life. There have been epidemic records of influenza in each century since the 6th century, among which the 1918's caused the most severe consequence. This article reviews naming and classification of flu, epidemic history of flu, avian influenza and swine influenza. The progress in diagnosis, treatment and prevention on flu are also described. The main purpose of this paper is to profoundly reconsider the relationship between human and nature, human and animal as well as human and environment. We need to work hard to reach an ideal harmonious state.