Objective: To study the effects of various compatible herbs and pH value conditions on the change rule of anthraquinones in Rhei Radix et Rhizoma (RRR). Methods: The pH value of the extracted solution from seven compatible herbs[vinegar Kansui Radix (vKR), Moutan Cortex (MC), Scutellariae Radix (SR), Coptidis Rhizoma (CR), Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (ALRP), Aurantii Fructus Immaturus (AFI), and Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex (MOC)] were determined, then RRR was added into hydrochloric acid solution with the same pH value as the above solutions and boiled, in which the contents of anthraquinones were determined by UV-Vis and HPLC. The contents of anthraquinones were compared with those in the decoction of compatible herbs and single RRR. Results: The results of UV-Vis showed that total anthraquinones got the lowest amount when RRR and CR were boiled together while the highest appeared when RRR and SR were boiled together; the contents of total anthraquinones were increased when the pH value was increased. The results of HPLC showed that the five anthraquinones got the lowest dissolving-out quantity when RRR and CR were boiled together while the highest appeared when RRR and ALRP were boiled together. Under the conditions of different pH values, the highest dissolving-out quantity was got when the pH value reached 5.6. Conclusion: Both the compatible herbs and pH value could affect the dissolution of anthraquinones during the extraction. However, the effects of various compatible herbs and different pH value conditions adjusted by hydrochloric acid are different, and the pH value conditions have greater effects.

Objective To investigate the association between Human Leukocyte Antigen DR (HLADR) gene polymorphisms and total IgE levels in children with asthma.Methods This study involved 84 unrelated children with asthma and 168 healthy controls without asthma.All participants had their serum total IgE levels measured with UniCAP Pharmacia system,and skin-prick test with ten kinds of inhalant allergens were taken among them.HLA oligonucleotide array was used to determine twenty-one gene frequencies of HLADR.Results ( 1 ) The frequencies of HLA-DRB1 * 070X allele and HLA-DRB1 * 11XX allele among the asthmatic were significantly higher than those in the healthy controls (HLA-DRB1 * 070X allele:2.98％vs.0.30％,x2 =6.915,P ＜ 0.05 ; HLA-DRB1 * 11XX allele:13.69％ vs.5.95％,x2 =9.478,P ＜ 0.01 ),Odds ratios( OR)for the two groups were 10.57(95％ CI:1.215 -91.986)and 2.79(95％ CI:1.429 -5.449)respectively.HLA-DRB3( 52 ) * 010X allele were significantly decreased in asthmatics compared to healthy controls(13.99％,x2 =5.854,P ＜0.05),OR was 0.429(95％ CI:0.214 -0.862).(2) Significant correlation between HLA-DRB1 * 160XX,HLA-DRB1 * 3 (17)alleles and the level of total IgE were found in asthmatic children(P ＜0.05).OR were 0.145(95％ CI:0.027 -0.781 )for HLA-DRB1 * 160XX allele and 1.667(95％CI:1.367-2.033)for HLA-DRB1 * 3(17)allele.Conclusion HLA-DRB1 *070X allele and HLA-DRB1 * 11XX allele were implicated in susceptibility to asthma,HLA-DRB3 (52) * 010X allele might conferring protection effects against asthma.There were association between HLA-DRB1 * 160XX,HLA-DRB1 * 3 ( 17 ) alleles and the level of total IgE in asthmatic children.Protective effects of HLA-DRB1 * 160XX allele against high level IgE response was noted,while HLA-DRB1 * 3(17)allele might be associated with high level of IgE in patients with asthma.

Objective To study the effects of rehabilitation training on the regeneration of nerve cells in rats after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).Methods A total of 75 male SD rats were randomized into a training group,a control group and a sham operated group,25 rats/group.The ICH models were induced by stereotactical injection of collagenase type Ⅶ into the globus pallidus.The training group was trained with grasp,balancing and rotating exercise every day,the control group was restricted to their cages,and the sham operated group received normal saline injections.Each group was further subdivided into 1,4,7,14 and 28 day subgroups.Neurological function was measured in each group.Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) was used to label S phase cells,immunohistochemical single and double staining with antibodies against BrdU,microtubal-associated protein (MAP) and neuronal nuclei (NeuN) were used to determine neuronal proliferation,migration and differentiation in the subventricular zone ( SVZ ) and subgranular zone (SGZ) in the training and control groups.Results The motor function scores of the animals in the rehabilitation group were significantly lower than those of the control group.Proliferative BrdU + cells of the SVZ and SGZ in the control group rats were clearly less than those in the rehabilitation training rats at all time points.The results of the immunohistochemical double staining indicated that one week after ICH BrdU +/MAP + cells in the SVZ had increased significantly in the training group compared to the control group,and then decreased two weeks later.At the same time,BrdU +/MAP cells were found in the striatal boundary on the hemorrhage side,in numbers up to 8 times that in the control group.In the rehabilitation group striatal neuron differentiation on the hemorrhage side was 2 to 3 times that in the control group.Conclusion Rehabilitative training can enhance nerve cell proliferation,regeneration and neuron migration after ICH.

PurposeTo explore the correlation between apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value on MR diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and prognostic factors in breast invasive ductal carcinomas.Materials and Methods 103 patients with pathology-proven invasive breast ductal carcinomas underwent DWI MR scan using b=1000 s/mm2. The minimum ADC values of the lesions were determined. Histopathological specimens were analyzed for tumor size, lymph node metastasis, pathological grade (traditional prognostic factors) and the expression of prognostic factors including Ki-67, ToPo-IIα, P53 and CyclinD1. The correlations between ADC values and these prognostic factors were evaluated.Results In 103 breast invasive ductal carcinomas, there was no significant relationship between tumor size, lymph node metastasis, pathological grade and mean ADC values (P>0.05). The correlations between mean ADC values and the biological prognostic factors were not significant (P>0.05). However, positive correlations were observed between pathological grade and the expression of Ki-67 as well as ToPo-IIα(P<0.05).Conclusion ADC values cannot serve as a prognostic factor for invasive ductal breast carcinomas. However, the expression of Ki-67 and ToPo-IIα in breast invasive ductal carcinomas may be important in evaluating prognosis of the tumor and guiding clinical therapy.

In order to optimize extraction process conditions of tannins from Geranium orientali-tibeticum by supercritical CO2, the content of tannins was determined by phosphomolybdium tungsten acid-casein reaction, with extraction pressure, extraction temper- ature and extraction time as factors, the content of tannins from extract of G. orientali-tibeticum as index, technology conditions were optimized by orthogonal test. Optimum technology conditions were as follows: extraction pressure was 25 MPa, extraction temperature was 50 °C, extracted 1.5 h. The content of tannins in extract was 12.91 mg x g(-1), extract rate was 3.67%. The method established could be used for assay the contents of tannin in G. orientali-tibeticum. The circulated extraction was an effective extraction process that was stable and feasible, and that provides a way of the extraction process conditions of tannin from G. orientali-tibeticum.
Carbon Dioxide ; chemistry ; Chemical Fractionation ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Geranium ; chemistry ; Tannins ; isolation & purification

Aneurysm, False ; pathology ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Sphenoid Sinus ; pathology ; Young Adult

Aluminum ; toxicity ; Humans ; Nervous System Diseases ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Occupational Exposure ; Occupational Health ; Respiratory Tract Diseases ; epidemiology ; etiology

Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Osteogenesis Imperfecta ; diagnosis ; therapy

Objective To determine the ED50 of remifentanil needed for tracheal intubation without neuromuscular relaxant in children when combined with sevoflurane inhalation.Methods Twenty-five ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ children of both sexes,aged 4-9 yr,scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia were enrolled in this study.Anesthesia was induced with inhalation of 5% sevoflurane in 100% oxygen and PETCOM2was maintained at 30-35 mm Hg.Remifentanil was injected intravenously over 30 s after 3 min inhalation of sevoflurane.Tracheal intubation was performed 90 s after the completion of remifentanil injection.The experiment was performed using the modified Dixon's up-and-down method.The initial dose of remifentanil was set at 1.2 μg/kg and the ratio between two successive doses was 1.2.Intubation conditions were assessed by a blinded observer using Viby-Mogensen scale.If the conditions were not good,roenronium 0.3 mg/kg was then injected intravenously to facilitate intubation.The ED50 of remifentanil and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated.Results The ED50 of remifentanil combined with inhalation of scvoflurane required for successful intubation was 0.68 μg/kg in the absence of neuromuscular relaxant,and 95% CI was 0.65-0.71 μg/kg.Conclusion The ED50 of remifentanil required for tracheal intubatiun without neuromuscular relaxant drug is 0.68 μg/kg (95% CI 0.65-0.71 μg/kg) when combined with 5% sevoflurane inhalation in children.