Objective To explore the prevalence and epidemic factors of dental fluorosis among population in Ganhetan in-dustrial area.Methods The contents of fluoride in2392urine samples.20drinking water samples of centralized water supply systems,2spring water samples,12well water samples,18tea water samples,wheat,Chinese cabbage,soil and air samples were determined.The surveillene on prevalence of dental fluorosis among27225-60aged residents was conducted according to the unique national standard.Results The concentrations of fluoride in urine of2392residents[(1.91?1.39)mg /L]was high-er then that(about 0.5mg /L)in non-endemic fluoride poisoning area.The prevalence rate of dental fluorosis2722residents(86.4%)was higher than the rate(30%)ruled by Standards for Endemic Fluoride Poisoning Area Control.The contents of flu-oride were(1.39?0.08)mg /L for2well water samples,and0.05-0.30mg /L for the other32water samples.The contents of flu-oride in wheat,Chinese cabbage and soil didnt exceed the related standard s or background value.The concentration of fluoride in air samples[3.12-11.20?g /(dm 2 ?d)]exceeded the Grade II Standard[3.0?g /(dm 2 ?d)]ruled by Environment Air Quality Standard by0.04-2.73times.The contents of fluoride in tea water samples were0.22-2.96mg /L.Higher prevalence rate s of dental fluerosis were found in some counties with lower concentrations of fluoride in tea water samples.Conclusion Air pollu-tion by fluoride and drinking tea water containing higher concentration s of fluide might result in the higher prevalence of dental fluorosis among population in Ganhetan industrial area.

Objective To explore the prevalence of dental fluorosis among children in an industrial area of aluminum electrolysis. Methods 2 156 8-12-year old children were selected in a certain industrial area of aluminum electrolysis for investigation of their prevalence of dental fluorosis and the contents of fluoride in urine. At the same time, the contents of fluoride in the environmental media were investigated also. Results The prevalence of dental fluorosis was 51.11% for children, the content of fluoride in urine samples of children was (1.44

Objective To analyze the status of Huangshui River water pllution by chromium(Cr6+)and define the pollution source. Methods Water samples were collected from 5 monitoring points closely located at the bank of Huangshui River from the upper reaches to the lower reaches including A spring,Huanghai canal,Duoba water source well,Zhamalong,Xigangqiao,and also from the location of the upper reaches of Halejian River in the area of source of Huangshui River established as the control monitoring point during 1996-2003. The contents of Cr6+ in the water samples from above sampling points were determined. Results During 1999-2003,the average content of Cr6+ in the water samples from A spring was 45.192 mg/L,and those from Huanghai canal in the upper reaches of Huangshui River Zhamalong and Xigangqiao increased year by year gradually.By the end of 2003,Cr6+ hadn't been found in the water samples from the upper reaches of Halejian River,but Cr6+ had been found first in the water samples from Duoba water source well with a concentration of 0.007 mg/L. Conclusion Haibei Chemical Industrial Works near A spring was the main source for the Cr6+-pollution of water body of the upper reaches of Huangshui River.

ve To understand the impacts of industrial fluoride-induced pollution on environment and human health. Methods The contents of fluorides in environmental media, such as air, soil, vegetables, weeds, branches and leaves in area around a certain chemical factory (polluted area) were monitored. The prevalance of dental fluorosis, the contents of fluorides in hair and nail were investigated among 87 individuals without history of exposure to industrial fluorides, living in polluted area for more than 5 years, and 132 individuals in control area. Results Higher fluoride levels in environmental medias, higher prevalance rates of dental fluorosis, high contents of fluorides in hair and nails of population were found in polluted area compared with those in control area. Conclusion The in-dustrial fluoride-induced pollution from this chemical factory had resulted in the hazardous impacts on environmental quality and human health.

Objective To explore the characteristics of uhrasonography of hepatobiliary cystadenoma. Methods The ultrasonographic characteristics of 5 cases with hepatobiliary cystadenoma were retrospectively analysed, and compared with the operation and pathology. Results The ultrasonography of 5 cases was multilocular cystic mass,which seems to be,but not indeed communicating with the biliary tree,in which irregular septation was demonstrated in two-dimensional structure and also with perforator vessels along in color Doppler flow imagineg. And in some cases small papillary tuft and small loci of calcification was noted on the septation. Conclusions Muhilocular cystic mass,locating along the biliary tree, however not communicating with the the biliary tree, is an important diagnostic basis of biliary cystadenoma. And it should be distinguished with other cystic tumor in the liver.

Objective To study the clinical application oflaparoscopic-assisted operation to colorectal neoplasms. Methods 28 cases of colorectal neoplasms underwent laparoscopic surgery from July 1997 to November 2000. The mean age was 65.3 years old(33～89)years.3 cases underwent right hemicolectomy.1 case of sigmoid colon adenoma was given partial colectomy. Sigmoid-rectal anterior resection was conducted in 21 cases. 3 cases underwent abdominal peritonieal resection. Results 5 cases were converted to open laparotomy.The mean operative time was 178(150～300)min for 23 cases given laparoscopic surgery with 135(30～1000)ml of average intraoperative bleeding. Neither postoperative complications nor intraoperative deaths occurred.1 case of low portion rectal cancer showed abdominal metastasis 12 months after surgery.Neither port site nor incision metastasis happened. Conclusions Laparoscopic assisted surgery has the advantages of less surgical trauma,less gastrointestinal interference and quicker recovery. Under the circumstances of radical resection and selected candidate,laparoscopic assisted surgery can be applied to colorectal neoplasms.

Objective To analyze the advantages of combined analysis of allergen skin prick test(SPT)and phadiatop/specific IgE antibody on the allergen diagnosis in asthmatic children.Methods Inhalant allergen SPT and Phadiatop test were done in 57 asthmatic children.Thirty-three cases of those asthmatic children were measured serum specific IgE antibody against dermatophagoids pteronyssinus.Results Dermatophagoids,molds and pets were the main inhalant allengens in asthmatic children.The positive rates of SPT and Pha-(diatop) in 57 asthmatic children were 86% and 79%,respectively,and the consistence rate between SPT and Phadiatop was 86%.Five cases with negative Phadiatop were confirmed to have molds allergy via SPT and molds specific IgE test.The consistence rate of dermatophagoids pteronyssinus SPT and specific IgE was 97%.Conclusion It is helped to improve the sensitivity and specificity of allergen diagnosis in asthmatic children when doctors combined analyze the results of allergen skin prick test and specific IgE test.

Objective:To:investigate the curative effects and cost of sequential treatment of children communityacquired pneumoni(CAP) with azithromycin. Method:118 cases of CAP from this hospital were divided into two groups: sequential azithromycin therapeutic group (Group A) and iv ceftazidime group (Group B). Their clinical effect was observed and cost minimization analysis was carried out. Result:The total costs were 612?7. 3 yuan and 819?8. 2 yuan(P 0.05) in Group A and Group B respectively. Conclusion: The sequential azithromycin scheme is a better one to treat CAP.

Objective To evaluate the preventive effect of BCG-PSN on respiratory infection of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Methods 48 cases with COPD were randomly divided into two groups:the BCG-PSN group and the control group.The BCG-PSN group received BCG-PSN,0 5mg,im,twice a week for 18 times injection in addition to the routine therapy,and the control group only received routine therapy.Both groups were followed up every two weeks for six months.The serum IgA,IgG,IgM levels were determined before and 4,24 weeks after the treatment.Results Cases of infection and their lasting days,infective rate in the BCG-PSN group were significantly lower than that of the control group(P

OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate an HPLC-MS/MS method for the measurement of 11 antipsychotics in human plasma samples for TDM(therapeutic drug monitoring) or other objectives. METHODS: Protein precipitation method with acetonitrile was used to extract the drugs in plasma. Agilent Poroshell 120 EC-C18 column(2.1 mm×50 mm, 2.7 μm)was used for chromatographic separation. The mobile phase was acetonitrile with 0.1% formic acid-water with 0.1% formic acid gradiently eluted at a flow rate of 0.3 mLmin-1. The injection volume was 5 μL. The deprotonated ions of analytes were ionized by electrospray(ESI) and detected in positive ionization by multiple reaction monitoring mode(MRM). RESULTS: The total run time of the chromatographic separation and mass detection was 6 min. Excellent linear relationship with correlation coefficient of 0.99 was obtained from 2 to 200 ngmL-1 for risperidone, paliperidone and olanzapine, from 10 to 1 000 ngmL-1 for aripiprazole, quetiapine, amisulpride, clozapine, chlorpromazine and sulpride, from 0.4 to 40 ngmL-1 for haloperidol, and 0.2 to 20 ngmL-1for perphenazine, respectively. The precision and accuracy varied from 2.7% to 10.8% and from 90.7% to 102.7%, respectively. CONCLUSION: This established method is simple, rapid, and economic, fulfilling all criteria for TDM, and could be successfully applied in the routine TDM of antipsychotics in clinic.