Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of electroacupuncture combined with rehabilitation exercises on swallowing function and cerebral perfusion in dysphagic stroke patients.Methods Sixty-two stroke pa- tients with dysphagia were randomly divided into a treatment group(n=32)and a control group(n=30).The treat- ment group received electroacupunture,rehabilitation exercise and conventional medical treatment,while the control group received only rehabilitation exercise and conventional medical treatment.They were treated once a day,6 times a week for 4 weeks.Water drinking test,stethocatharsis scores and swallowing fluorography were used to assess the swallowing function before and after treatment.Single photon emission computed tomography(SPECT)was also em- ployed to observe the status of cerebral perfusion before and after treatment.Results It was shown that the swallo- wing function and cerebral perfusion in the treatment group were significantly better than the control group after treat- ment.The effective rate in the treatment group was 96.88% while that of the control group was 66.67%.Conclu- sion Electroacupuncture combined with rehabilitation exercises is effective in treating the dysphagic stroke patients, and can significantly improve the brain perfusion of these patients.

BACKGROUND: Proximal femoral anti-rotation intramedullary nail for treating intertrochanteric fracture is widely used in clinical practice, but there are still some cases of failure of internal fixation after operation, and osteoporosis of proximal femur is considered as an important reason. Singh index is an important index to evaluate the severity of osteoporosis in the proximal femur. Based on the Singh index, it is of great significance to explore the effect of different degrees of osteoporosis on the treatment of intertrochanteric fracture with anti-rotation intramedullary nail in the proximal femur, so as to reduce the failure rate of internal fixation and increase the success rate of operation. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of different osteoporosis on the treatment of intertrochanteric fracture with proximal femoral anti-rotation intramedullary nail, so as to provide new ideas and experimental basis for clinical treatment of intertrochanteric fracture. METHODS: CT data of one patient with intertrochanteric fracture of the left femur were imported into Mimics 19.0 and Geomagic studio 2017 software to extract and optimize the three-dimensional model of the right femur. SolidWorks 2017 software was used to draw the internal fixation model and assemble it with the femur model according to the standard operation technology, and import it into HyperMesh 14.0 software in STEP format to cut the bone according to AO-2.1 type of intertrochanteric fracture. Trabecular bone based on Singh index 1-6 was established to obtain six models of A-F. Material property parameters, boundary conditions and applied loads were set. Finally, the data were stored as K files and imported into LS-DYNA software for solution. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) When the femoral head was stressed, the spiral blade in the bone block of the femoral head and neck of Singh 6-Singh 1 was cut, the common bone trabecula disappeared, the stress bone trabecula wrapped with the spiral blade did not disappear, but loaded with certain stress, so that the spiral blade still had a large contact area and holding force, maintained the reduction of the fracture, and reduced the varus and rotation of the bone block of the femoral head and neck. (2) From Singh 6-Singh 1, with the disappearance of stress bone trabecula, the more serious osteoporosis is, the more likely failure will be in the treatment of intertrochanteric fracture with proximal femoral anti-rotation intramedullary nail. (3) The spongy bone trabeculae, especially the stress bone trabeculae, play an important role in maintaining the elastic stability of the proximal femur by resisting and buffering the bending strain.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect and mechanism of ribavirin to mice viral myocarditis. Methods Onehundred and twenty mice were randomly divided into 3 groups. Group 1 was normal control group 1 .group 2 CVB3 control group, group 3 ribavirintherapy group. In the latter two groups, 0.2 mL CVB3(10-7.5Tcid5o/mL)was infected into abdominal cavity. Ten mice of each group were killed at the 7 th, 14 th,21 st,28 th day. Mice motality,light and electron microscape, myocardial viral tiler, myocardial pathological score,serum cTnI,malonytdialdehyde(MDA) and cardiac myocyte apoptosis rate(CMAR) were examined.Re-sults The motality,myocardial viral titer,myocardial pathological score,cTnI were lower in group 3(ribavirin therapy group) than in group 2(CVB3 control), and MDA and CMAR were no significant differences between ribavirin group and simple CVB3 group. Conclusion Ribavirin has good treatment effect to mice viral myocardilis,and its mechanism is due to decrease viral titer.

Adolescent ; Aortic Valve ; abnormalities ; Aortic Valve Insufficiency ; complications ; pathology ; surgery ; Aortic Valve Stenosis ; complications ; pathology ; surgery ; Child ; Endocarditis ; complications ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; complications ; pathology ; surgery ; Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation ; Humans ; Male ; Rheumatic Heart Disease ; complications ; pathology ; surgery

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture plus medicine and function training in treating post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome. Method Sixty patients with post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome were randomized into a treatment group of 30 cases and a control group of 30 cases. The treatment group was intervened by acupuncture plus medicine and functional training, while the control group was only by functional training. Before and after intervention, the hand swelling degree, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), shoulder joint motion scale, Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) scale were used to measure the swelling and pain of hand, motion of shoulder, and motor function of upper limb. Result After intervention, the swelling and pain of hand, motion range of shoulder and motor function of upper limb were significantly improved in both groups (P<0.01), and the improvements in the treatment group were more significant than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Acupuncture plus medicine and function training can enhance the efficacy in treating post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome, superior to pure function training.

BACKGROUND: The association of genetic variation in the IRAK-1 gene with sepsis outcome has been proved. However, few studies have addressed the impact of the IRAK-4 gene variants on sepsis risk. This study aimed to determine whether the polymorphisms in the IRAK-4 gene are associated with susceptibility to and prognosis of severe sepsis in the Chinese Han ethnic population.METHODS: In this case-control study, 192 patients with severe sepsis hospitalized in the emergency department of Zhongshan Hospital from February 2006 to December 2009 and 192 healthy volunteers were enrolled. Exclusion criteria included metastatic tumors, autoimmune diseases, AIDS or treatment with immunosuppressive drugs. This study was approved by the ethical committee of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University. Sepsis patients were divided into a survival group (n=124) and a non-survival group (n=68) according to the 30-day mortality. Primer 3 software was used to design PCR and sequencing primers. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Seven tagSNPs in IRAK-4 were selected according to the data of the Chinese Han population in Beijing from the Hapmap project and genotyped by direct sequencing. The chi-square test was used to evaluate the differences in genotype and allele frequencies between the two groups.RESULTS: The distributions of all tagSNPs were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The allele and genotype frequencies of rs4251545 (G/A) were significantly different between the severe sepsis and healthy control groups (P=0.015, P=0.035, respectively). Carriers of the rs4251545A had a higher risk for severe sepsis compared with carriers of the rs4251545G (OR=1.69, 95％ CI: 1.10-2.58). The allele and genotype frequencies of all SNPs were not significantly different between the survival group and non-survival group.CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that the variants in IRAK-4 are significantly associated with susceptibility to severe sepsis in the Chinese Han ethnic population.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of angiopoietins (Ang-1 and Ang-2) and Tie-2 expression on microvessel density (MVD) in gastric cancers.

METHODSBy using semiquantitative RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and image analysis system, the expression of Ang-1, Ang-2, Tie-2 mRNA and their proteins were detected in 68 primary gastric cancers and their adjacent normal tissues. Microvessel density (MVD) was figured out based on CD34 immunohistochemical staining.

RESULTSThe expression of all Ang-1, Ang -2, Tie-2 mRNA and their proteins was detected in gastric cancers and their paired adjacent gastric mucosa tissues. A negative correlation between Ang-1 protein, Tie-2 mRNA and MVD in gastric cancers was observed (r = -0.440, r = -0.267; P < 0.05), while the relation between Ang-2 mRNA and its protein, Ang-2/Ang-1 protein ratio with MVD were positive (r = 0.319, r = 0.729, r = 0.739; P < 0.05). It was found that MVD in groups with Ang-2 mRNA T/N ratio over 1.2 (the ratio of Ang-2 mRNA in gastric cancers and its adjacent normal mucosa) was higher than that in those with a ratio under 1.2, revealed by analysing the effects of Ang-1 and Ang-2 mRNA T/N ratio on MVD in gastric cancers.

CONCLUSIONAng-1 activates Tie-2 receptor, whereas Ang-2 antagonizes Ang-1 in the angiogenesis, and the Ang-2/Ang-1 ratio determines angiogenesis and tumor growth in gastric cancers. When the expression of Ang-2 is high and Ang-1 is low, the angiogenesis in gastric cancers is promoted, otherwise oppositely. The role of Ang-2 is dominant in the effect of Angs and their receptor on angiogenesis in gastric cancers.

Angiopoietin-1 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Angiopoietin-2 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Microcirculation ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; etiology ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Receptor, TIE-2 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Stomach Neoplasms ; blood supply ; metabolism ; pathology

The reaction conditions of baicalin hydrolyzed into baicalein by a kind of thermophilic and sugar-tolerant beta-glucosidase were studied in this paper. The beta-glucosidase could catalyze baicalin into baicalein well in the acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer. The optimal enzyme activity was at 85 degrees C and pH 5.5. The enzyme was stable at the temperature less than 85 degrees C and pH range of 5-7.5. The maximum reaction rate V. and michaelis constant K. were 0.41 mmol x L(-1) x min(-1) and 3.31 mmol x L(-1) respectively. Different metal ions had different effects on the activity of enzyme. Na+ existing in acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer had an activation effect on enzyme. The enzyme activity was enhanced by the concentrations of glucose below 0.6 mol x L(-1), and was gradually inhibited when monosaccharide concentration was over 0.6 mol x L(-1). When the monosaccharide concentration reached 1.2 mol x L(-1), the inhibition rate of enzyme activity was about 50%, which showed good glucose tolerance. The good reaction conditions through the experiment have been determined as follows, the substrate: enzyme dose was 1 g: 0.2 mL, acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer pH 5.5, reaction temperature 85 degrees C, reaction time 10 h, and the enzymatic hydrolyzation ratio could reach 97%.
Biocatalysis ; Enzyme Stability ; Flavanones ; chemistry ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; Glucose ; chemistry ; Hot Temperature ; Hydrolysis ; Kinetics ; beta-Glucosidase ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo assess the response in THP-1 treated with Rv3671c protein in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tuberculosis).

METHODSThe gene encoding Rv3671c protein of M.tuberculosis was cloned into pET-28a vector and then expressed in Escherichia coli. The Rv3671c was purified with Ni-NTA affinity and ion exchange chromatography. The detection of protein concentration was by Lowry method.THP-1 cell was stimulated with Rv3671c protein and cells were analyzed by Hochest staining under fluorescence microscopy to assay cell death (apoptosis and necrosis). TNF-α and IL-1β were detected by ELISA at each stimulating time.

RESULTSThe Rv3671c protein of M.tuberculosis was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli. The purity of recombinant Rv3671c protein was 95%, and the protein concentration was up to 0.4 mg/ml. The nucleus of THP-1 was isolated and necrosis-like under fluorescence when cells were stimulated by Rv3671c protein. The levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in supernatant were 19 000 and 16 500 pg/ml respectively, and were significantly higher than control cells with the levels of 2100 and 3800 pg/ml separately.

CONCLUSIONThe necrosis of THP-1 cells could be stimulated by Rv3671c protein of M.tuberculosis and it was probably associated with high cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β levels.

Bacterial Proteins ; pharmacology ; Cell Death ; Cell Line ; Humans ; Interleukin-1beta ; metabolism ; Macrophages ; cytology ; metabolism ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; genetics ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of Shugan Jianpi Recipe (SJR) on LXRα/FAS signaling pathway mediated hepatocyte fatty deposits in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) rats.

METHODSTotally 75 SPF grade male SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, i.e., the normal control group, the model group, the Shugan Recipe (SR) treatment groups, the Jianpi Recipe (JR) treatment group, and the SJR group. Except rats in the normal control group, the NAFLD rat model was duplicated using high fat diet (HFD). SR (Chaihu Shugan Powder) was administered to rats in the SR group. JR (Shenlin Baizhu Powder) was administered to rats in the JR group. SJR (Chaihu Shugan Powder plus Shenlin Baizhu Powder) was administered to rats in the SJR group. Changes of liver fat were analyzed using automatic biochemical analyzer. Liver cells were separated by low-speed centrifugation. Their activities and purities were identify using Typan blue and flow cytometry (FCM). Expression levels of LXRα and FAS mRNA in hepatocytes detected by Real-time quantitative PCR. Expression levels of LXRα and FAS protein were detected by Western blot.

RESULTS(1) Pathological results showed in the model group, hepatocytes were swollen with nucleus locating at the cell edge after oil red O staining; unequal sized small vacuoles could be seen inside cytoplasm. Some small vacuoles merged big vacuoles. All these indi- cated a NAFLD rat model was successfully established by high fat diet. Pathological structural changes could be impaired to some degree in all medicated groups, especially in the SR group. (2) Compared with the normal control group, expression levels of LXRα and FAS genes and proteins obviously increased in the model group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, their expression levels were obviously down-regulated in the JR group and the SR group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSLXRα/FAS signaling pathway was an important signaling pathway for mediating lipid metabolism disorders of NAFLD rats. SJR could make hepatocyte fatty deposits tend to repair by adjusting the LXRα/FAS signaling pathway in NAFLD rats, which might be one of important mechanisms for SJR to prevent and cure NAFLD.

Animals ; Diet, High-Fat ; Down-Regulation ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Hepatocytes ; Male ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; metabolism ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; metabolism ; Orphan Nuclear Receptors ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Signal Transduction ; fas Receptor ; metabolism