AIM:To explore relationship between the normal strehl ratio ( SR ) values of total aberrations/SR values of total higher-order aberrations and modulation transfer function ( MTF ) at total corneal at different pupil diameters in normal population.
METHODS: To exam the SR values of total aberrations and SR values of total higher-order aberrations of total corneals in 200 people ( 400 eyes ) using SIRIUS 3D topography system and analysis the corresponding root-mean-square ( RMS) .
RESULTS: The subjects with different pupil diameters (3. 0, 5. 0, 6. 0, 7. 0mm)'s exam results of total corneal were as following:SR value of total aberrations 100’(0. 45±0. 12), (0. 25±0. 06), (0. 17±0. 05), (0. 13±0. 04); SR value of total higher order ab cerrations 100’(0. 69±0. 14), (0. 34±0. 07), (0. 24±0. 05), (0. 16±0. 04);SR value of total aberrations 200’(0. 45±0. 12), (0. 24±0. 06), (0. 20±0. 04), (0. 16±0. 03); SR value of total higher order aberrations 200’(0.70±0. 13), (0. 35±0. 07), (0. 27±0. 06), (0. 20±0.04 ) . The SR values of each group decreases with the increases of pupil diameters. The SR values of total aberrations and SR values of total higher - order aberrations at total corneals are negatively correlated with corresponding RMS value. When the pupil diameter is small, the SR value of total aberrations is more related to higher frequency region of MTF. When the pupil diameter is big, the SR value of total aberrations is more related to lower frequency region of MTF.
CONCLUSION: The visual performance of normal people can be well reflected by SR values of total aberrations and SR values of total higher - order aberrations at total corneal.

AIMTo investigate the relation of intramyocardial collagen (IMC) remodeling to the changes of myocardial systolic property (MSP) and angiotensin II (Ang II) on the overtraining rats.

METHODSMorphologic remodeling of IMC and changes of contents of IMC and Ang II in myocardium local and circulation, and MSP in SD rat overtraining models were observed and determined by RM-6200 polygraph, Beckman-42 automatic biochemistry analyser, and gamma automatic radio-immunity analyzer and S-570 scanning electron microscope under the conditions.

RESULTSIMC forms a spatial three-dimensional network structure, consisting of collagenous fiber connection among myocardial bundles, cardiac muscle cell group, cardiac muscle cells, endocardium and capillary. There are some regularities in its interlacing.

CONCLUSIONOvertraining could lead to over hyperplasia of IMC in myocardial bundles, cardiac muscle cell group, cardiac muscle cell, endocardium and capillary, and serious injury of MLSP. The relation closes to remodeling of IMC and MSP and Ang II on the overtraining.

Angiotensin II ; metabolism ; Animals ; Collagen ; metabolism ; Hyperplasia ; Male ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; pathology ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; physiology ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Systole ; physiology

Aim To investigate the change in neuropeptide Y(NPY) Y1 receptor level in infarcted myocardium tissues of (MI) rats. 　Method MI was induced by ligating the left descending anterior coronary artery (LAD) in the heart of rats. The techniques of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to identify the exist of NPY Y1 receptor mRNA in myocardial tissues. The technique of semi-quantitative PCR wa s used to observe the change of NPY Y1 receptor mRNA level. 　Results NPY Y1 receptor mRNA distributed in the heart tissues of rat. Compared with sham operated rats ,the NPY Y1 receptor mRNA level both in infarction area and non-infarction area was increased significantly after MI fo r 1d and 3d. The NPY Y1 receptor mRNA level in the heart tissues of sham-op erated rats was also significantly increased compared with that in control rats . 　Conclusion These results suggest that MI may result in increase NPY Y1 receptor level in the heart tissues of rats. Stre ss stimulation such as surgery may also increase the NPY Y1 receptor level in the heart.

Objective To explore the relationship between DNA repair gene XRCC1 and XPD polymorphisms and individual susceptibility to prostate cancer. Methods PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay was used to analyze the XRCC1 (C26304T and G28152A) and XPD A35931C polymorphisms in 358 prostate cancer patients and 312 healthy controls. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate odd ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CD for estimating the correlation between different genotypes and prostate cancer risks. Results Forty-seven(13.1%) cases present XRCC1 28152AA genotype in prostate cancer group, while 24 cases in the control group (7. 1%), individuals with this genotype had a significantly increased risk for prostate cancer (OR 1. 924, 95%CI=1.126 - 3. 288, P=0. 017). There was no significant difference between two groups at XRCC1 C26304T and XPD A35931C sites. Combined analysis of the three sites polymorphisms showed that individuals with XRCC1 28152 AA and XPD 35931AC+CC genotype had a higher risk of prostate cancer than those with three wild genotypes (OR = 3. 087,95%CI 1. 081 - 8.813;OR = 3. 376,95%CI 1.067-10.683;OR 3. 216,95%CI=1. 439-7.188,P = 0. 004). Analysis stratified by age of onset, PSA, Gleason score and T stage revealed that XRCC1 28152AA and XPD 35931 AC+CC high-risk genotype was especially associated with early age at onset of prostate cancer (P<0. 05). Conclusions The XRCC1 and XPD genotypes may be contributed to the risk of developing prostate cancer, particularly for younger patients.

Animals ; Depression ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Electric Stimulation Therapy ; methods ; Frontal Lobe ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Serotonin ; metabolism ; Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ; methods

AIM:To evaluate the clinical therapeutic efficacy of the Qi ming granule for macular edema ( ME ) in diabetic patients after phacoemulsification.
METHODS:In this was a prospective clinical comparison study, 57 diabetic patients ( 76 eyes ) who underwent phacoemulsification were recruited and divided into two groups:treatment group (34 eyes) and control group (42 eyes) . All the patients in treatment group were given oral administration Qi ming granule (4. 5g, tid) and vitamin C ( 0. 1g, tid ) for 6mo postoperatively, while vitamin C ( 0.1g, tid ) for the controls. General clinical examinations, including blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin, as well as comprehensive standardized ophthalmic examinations were performed. Optical coherence tomography ( OCT ) were used to detect macular edema incidence and measure central field retinal thickness.
RESULTS: No significant difference was found in the levels of blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, course of disease, and macular thickness between the two groups during the initial visits. At the 6th month, 2 eyes ( 6%) eyes had clinically apparent macular edema in treatment group, while 6 ( 14%) eyes had clinically apparent macular edema in control group (P=0. 285). The central subfield retinal thickness values were significantly lower in the treatment group ( 211. 76±41. 21μm ) than those in control group (278. 36±48. 94μm) (P<0. 01).
CONCLUSION:Qi ming granule can significantly reduce the incidences of macular edema and suppresses increasing retinal thickening after phacoemulsification in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Objective To explore the effect of levetiracetam(LEV)on cognitive function and quality of life of patients with partial seizure.Methods There were two phase for this study.Phase one was a randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled study for 16 weeks.Phase two was an open label period for 24 weeks.Medicated patients underwent test on the cognitive function and Health Related Quality of Life (HRQOL)at the baseline respectively at the end of 16 weeks and at the end of 40 weeks.Results(1) Compared the result at the end of 16 weeks with the baseline,LEV group used less time to do Wisconsin card sorting test(WCST,reduce scores -110.3),delayed logical memory were improved(reduce scores 3.4,P

AIMTo analyze the most force rising ratio (+ dF/dt(max)) and the most force descending ratio (- dF/dt(max)) for more sensitive index of skeletal contractility.

METHODSMouse model of swimming training was used, most force (f(max)), + dF/dt(max) and - dF/ dt(max) of gastrocnemius contracting were measured and changes of gastrocnemius supermicro-structure was observed.

RESULTSMitochondria increased and myoneme was regular in general training load, gastrocnemius F(max) - dF/dt(max) significantly increased than in control (P < 0.05), + dF/dt(max) increased more significantly (P < 0.01). Mitochondria was rare and myoneme was unusual in overtraining load, gastrocnemius F(max), - dF/dt(max) reduced significantly than in control (P < 0.05), + dF/dt(max) reduced more significantly (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSION+ dF/dt(max) is better index than F(max) in judging skeletal contractility.

Animals ; Female ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Muscle Contraction ; physiology ; Muscle, Skeletal ; physiology ; ultrastructure ; Swimming ; physiology

The development of modern biologic techniques have provided new techniques and approaches for the modern studies on active components of Chinese medicine. This article is a review of four kinds of screening models and corresponding techniques for medicine and their applications in the studies on the active components of Chinese medicine. The four aspects comprise the whole animal models, receptor models and molecular biochromatography, cell models and cell membrane chromatography, and gene chip techniques. It will provide references for promoting studies and accelerating modernization of Chinese medicine.
Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Models, Molecular ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

AIMBy genechip cDNA microarray, the genes expressions of Stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase (Scd-2) and brain fatty acid-binding protein (B-FABP) were studied in the central nervous system (CNS) of the mice to discuss the mechanism of exercise-induced fatigue.

METHODSBuilding the model of fatigued animal and using the genechip cDNA microarray, the genes expressions were analyzed between the control group and fatigue group mice.

RESULTSThe genes expression of Scd-2 and B-FABP were obvious different in the brain of fatigued group mice than of control group.

CONCLUSIONExercise-induced nerve center fatigue is correlated with genes expressions of lipid metabolism.

Animals ; Base Sequence ; Brain ; metabolism ; Fatigue ; genetics ; metabolism ; Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 7 ; Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Gene Expression ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase ; genetics ; metabolism