There is immense interest in the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids(LC-PUFAs) on account of their health-beneficial properties.There has been considerable interest in the production of LC-PUFAs in transgenic plants to provide a cheap,sustainable and clean source of these fatty acids.Several main LC-PUFAs,their roles and metabolic pathway in plant are introducedbriefly,progresses on biosynthesis of LC-PUFAs in transgenic plant are reviewed,and strategies for improving the yields of LC-PUFAs in plant are also discussed.

Many unusual fatty acids present in the seed oils of non-food plants are modified at the ?12 position either by the addition of epoxy or hydroxy groups or by the formation of triple (acetylenic) bonds or conjugated double bonds. The introduction of these functionalities into C18 fatty acids is catalyzed by a family of divergent forms of the fatty-acid ?12-desaturase (FAD2) enzyme. Genes encoding these enzymes have now been cloned from a variety of organisms and expressed in transgenic oilseeds. However,the accumulation of the intended fatty acids in transgenic plants has been relatively disappointing,and the mechanisms of these unusual fatty acids biosynthesis and transferring from phosphatidylcholine into storage triacylglycerols still need to be elucidated.

Objective To investigate the clinical and intellectual characteristics of children with cerebral palsy of ataxia type.Methods Twenty-one children with cerebral palsy of ataxia type were evaluated by the illness history,clinical physical examination,brain MRI scan and intellectual assessment.Results Delayed motor milestones and dysfunction of balance were found in these children,and 80.9% of brain MRI scan was abnormal as cerebellar damage,and delayed intellectual ability found in these children was ameliorated as improvement of motor function.Conclusion Cerebral palsy of ataxia type is mainly caused by cerebellar damage manifests as delayed motor function,dysfunction of balance and mental retardation.

Objective To explore the long-term effect of open reduction and internal fixation for the treatment of displaced acetabular fracture,and analyze the influence of risk factors.Methods The clinical data of 62 patients with acetabular fracture from August 2005 to February 2009 was analyzed retrospectively.All the cases were treated with open reduction and internal fixation.The long-term effect and related risk factors were analyzed.Results All the cases were followed up for 24-52(38.8 ± 2.6) months.According to the Matta standard of replacement of fracture,there were 43 cases with anatomic reduction,14 eases with satisfactory reduction,5 cases with unsatisfactory reduction.Fracture union was obtained in all the patients.Based on the modified Merled' Aubigne -Postel clinical grading system,the result was excellent and good in 50 patients,fair and poor in 12 patients,with excellent rate of 80.65％ (50/62).Postoperative complications including traumatic arthritis were seen in 7 patients,heterotopic ossification in 3 patients and femoral head avascular necrosis in 1 patient.The related risk factors of clinical results of displaced acetabular fracture were age,Letournel-Judet fracture type,operation time,cartilage surface damage of the femoral head and quality of reduction (P ＜ 0.05 ).However,gender,AO fracture type,surgical approach and hip dislocation were not affecting factors of the acetabular fracture(P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusions Open reduction and internal fixation can result in a satisfactory clinical outcome.Age,Letournel-Judet fracture type,operation time,cartilage surface damage of the femoral head and quality of reduction are independent risk factors affecting postoperative long-term functional outcomes.

ObjectiveAim at the problems in the treatments of the children malignant bone tumor of distal femur,we put forward the concept of the dual mobility hemi-knee prosthesis and try to perform the motion parameters analysis and the pilot clinical trials.MethodsBase on the CT data from samples of knee joint in adult,we adopted the Mimics/Geomagic/Pro-E software and computer numerical control milling machine technology to design and produce the dual mobility hemi-knee artificial prosthesis,and then motion parameters was analyzed in vitro test,and at last pilot clinical trial was performed.ResultsIn vitro experiment showed that the displacement of the internal femoral condyle flexion facet center was(2.59±0.43) mm in normal knee group,(2.22±0.52) mm in dual mobility hemi-knee prosthesis group,and (1.18±0.43) mm in total knee arthroplasty group; the displacement of the external femoral condyle flexion facet center was (11.95±6.62) mm in normal group,(11.25±6.19) mm in dual mobility hemi-knee prosthesis group,and (1.26±0.42) mm in total knee arthroplasty group; the maximum relative rotation angle was 13.17°±7.58° in normal knee group,11.69°±6.49° in dual mobility hemi-knee prosthesis group,and 5.40°±1.29° in total knee arthroplasty group.After that,we accomplished the pilot clinical trials successfully for a patient with malignant bone tumor in distal femur.The patient recovered well and the treatment outcome was satisfactory.ConclusionThe motion parameters analysis showed that the motion mode of the dual mobility hemi-knee prosthesis is similar with that of the normal knee.The dual mobility hemi-knee prosthesis provides a whole new concept and method for the treatment of malignant bone tumor of distal femur in children,and the device and concept of ligament reattachment provide a solution to the reconstruction of knee ligament.

1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; drug therapy ; Hypoxia ; pathology ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Rats ; rho-Associated Kinases ; antagonists & inhibitors

Objective To investigate acute cell damage and delayed inhibition effects by pulsed electric fields(PEFs)with different frequencies on human ovarian carcinoma cell line SKOV3 in vitro and in subcutaneous transplanted tumor of human SKOV3 in BALB/c nude mice,and evaluate the potential use of relatively higher frequency PEFs to reduce unpleasant sensations without decreasing therapeutic effects in clinical electrochemotherapy.Methods Firstly,SKOV3 cell suspension were exposed to PEFs with gradient increasing frequencies(1,60,1 000,5 000 Hz)and voltages(50,100,150,200,250,300,350,400 V),respectively.MTT assay was used to determine the acute cell damage.Then PEFs with gradient increasing frequencies(1,60,1 000,5 000 Hz)and fixed voltage (250 V)were applied to the subcutaneously transplanted tumor,in vivo antitumor assay was used to observe the delayed inhibition effect;histological changes were observed by light and electron microscope. Results The 1 Hz PEFs has similar cytotoxic effects with 5 kHz,and no significant difference of delayed tumor inhibition effect on subcutaneous transplanted tumor among all groups exposed to different frequencies of PEFs(P＞0.05).Histological observation showed acute damage in all exposed groups.and only in 5 kHz group was induced apoptotic effect observed.Conclusions PEFs with relatively higher frequency can achieve similar tumor killing effect with the low frequency PEFs,and it can also induce apoptosis.Relatively higher frequency PEFs show therapeutic potentials for reducing unpleasant sensations in clinical electrical treatment of tumor.

The management of the scientific research files is an important basic work at the college,which is of great significance to the research work in both school and the scientific research organizations.However,some researchers and managers are lack of file consciousness and the management system remains unadapted to the new condition.These reasons result in the use of the dossiers inadequate or even absent.Therefore,it seems necessary and important for the perfection of the scientific research file work to take essential measures:establishing a scientific and reasonable file system,improving the file management regulation,and increasing the utilization ratio of the dossiers.

Objective To analyze pathogenic bacteria distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility in children with acute otitis media(AOM ) .Methods Otorrhea samples from 146 episodes of AOM were cultured .The antimi‐crobial susceptibility of the main pathogenic bacteria was determined .The results were analyzed by SPSS19 .0 .Re‐sults 1) The strains of bacteria were isolated from 109 children with the positive rate of 74 .66% .Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP ) was the major bacteria(64 episodes ,58 .72% ) ,followed by staphlococcus aureus(SA) (19 epi‐sodes ,17 .43% ) .2) Sp was all sensitive to vancomycin ,levofloxacin ,moderate to penicillin ,amoxicillin ,cefo‐taxime ,and highly resistent to erythromycin and clindamycin .Staphlococcus aureus were all sensitive to vancomy‐cin ,tetracycline ,and Amy card ,and moderate to amoxicillin clavulanic acid potassium ,cefoxitin ,and oxacillin ,all resistent to penicillin and ampicillin .3) The strains of SP in age≤1year ,>1 -3years ,and >3 years respectively were 31(50 .82% ) ,25(56 .82% ) ,8 (19 .51% ) .There were significant differences between them(χ2 =14 .073 ,P=0 .001) .4)The strains of SP in 2012 ,2013 ,2014 respectively were 16(30 .19% ) ,22(48 .89% ) ,26(54 .17% ) ,There were significant differences between them(χ2 =6 .557 ,P=0 .038) .The antimicrobial susceptibility of SP had no sig‐nificant differences among 2012 ,2013 ,2014 ,but a yearly resistance decreasing trend was seen .Conclusion SP was the main bacterial contributor for AOM in Wuhan children .SP detection rate increases every year ,mainly in chil‐dren less than 3 years old .T he antimicrobial susceptibility is stable .

Objective:This study aims to investigate the method and clinical outcomes of feeding tube placement and periopera-tive nutritional support for esophageal carcinoma patients. Methods:A total of 513 esophageal carcinoma patients who have undergone radical resection and reconstruction by a single operating group between January 2012 and December 2013 participated this study. Feed-ing tubes were inserted via the nasal path of 497 cases and by jejunostomy in 16 cases. Early enteral nutrition (EN) was administered through the feeding tubes 24 h postoperatively with a stepwise increase, whereas supplementation of parenteral nutrition (PN) was ter-minated until total EN. Results:Feeding tubes were successfully inserted in all patients during operation. No death or nutritional and metabolic disorders were documented during the observation period. No differences in anastomotic fistula, pulmonary complication, and incision infection were identified between the nasointestinal and jejunostomy groups (P>0.05). A higher incidence of intestinal ob-struction was observed in the jejunostomy group than in the nasointestinal group (P<0.05). Conclusion:Effective placement of nasoin-testinal tube and early enteral feeding are safe and effective methods for patients who have undergone esophagectomy for esophageal carcinoma.