Objective To explore the mobile changes of nitric oxide(NO) and the relationship between nitric oxide and glomerular hyperfiltration in experimental diabetic rats.Methods Experimental diabetes mellitus(DM) was induced in rats with streptozotocin(STZ).The levels of NO and NOS in renal tissue homogenate were assayed after establishment of diabetesat the 4 th,8 th,12 th week.At the same time, renal morphology in diabetic rats was examined by light microscope and image of computer.Results The contents of NO and NOS in renal homegenates were evidently increased at 4 th week,and decreased gradually from 8 th week(P

Cyclohexanones ; poisoning ; Ethylene Dichlorides ; poisoning ; Humans ; Infant ; Male

Airway Obstruction ; complications ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Asphyxia ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Fibroma ; complications ; pathology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Oropharyngeal Neoplasms ; complications ; pathology ; Rare Diseases

Objective To observe the effects of the Ossatron high-energy shock waves on bone nonunion and delayed union.Methods Between October 2004 and October 2005,18 patients with nonunion and four patients with delayed union were treated with high-energy extracorporeal shock wave therapy(Ossatron,HMT Co., Swiss).Facture lines were located with C-arm X-ray before treatment.Parameters of shock waves were decided according to fracture sites.Patients with unstable fixation received plaster or bracing for 6 to 8 weeks after treatment. After therapy,follow-up radiography was performed at 6 and 12 weeks and monthly afterwards until the fracture united. Results The mean follow-up was 6.7 months(range,3 to 12 months).There were no complications except local petechial hemorrhage and local swelling in 10 patients.Thirteen patients(59.1%)got bony union,including 12 patients(66.7% )with stable internal fixation,and the average healing time was 4.3 months(range,6 weeks to 6 months).Nine fractures(40.9%)still suffered nonunion.Conclusion High-energy shock waves are a good alternative therapy for nonunion and delayed union,with obvious advantages of being non-invasive and safe.

Objective To investigate the histological and biochemical responses associated with periprosthetic osteolysis,including the changes of tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?),osteoprotegerin(OPG) and os- teoprotegeria ligand (OPEL) in the interface membrane in rat models so as to understand the mechanisms of these interactions.Methods Twenty-four male SD rats were used in this study.A titanium alloy plug was inserted into each distal femur through the knee joint.Polyethylene particles were injected into the left knee at 2,4,6,8 and 10 weeks after implantation of the plugs.Saline solution was injected into the right knee as the control.The animals were killed 12 weeks after implantation.The distal femur was taken from each knee to make histological sections. The samples were made decalcified and stained with hematoxylin and eosin.The histopathological changes were observed under a light microscope.The concentrations of TNF-?in the membrane were assayed by a ELISA kit and the mRNA expressions of OPG and OPEL extracted from the tissue around the plug were detected by RT-PCR. Results The interface membrane taken from the experimental side was found to contain extensive fibrous tissues which extended deeply into the surrounding hone.TNF-?concentrations in the membrane of the experimental side were higher than in the control membrane.There was a significant decrease of OPG mRNA and a significant increase of OPGL mRNA in the membrane around the plug at the experimental side compared with the control side.Con- clusions Polyethylene particles can induce inflammatory responses around the titanium alloy plug.The increase of OPGL expression and reduction of OPG expression in membrane at the experimental side may be induced by TNF-?. Such changes might contribute to the differentiation of osteoclasts and result in the periprosthetic osteolysis.

To study the effects of conjee and cooked rice on postprandial glucose and plasma insulin levels in type 2 diatetes,and to help diabetic patients select reasonably food.41 diabetes were divided into cooked rice group ( group A),conjee with steamed bread group ( group B),and oatmeal group ( group C ).At 1 h after meal,the values of postprandial plasma glucose (PPG) was significantly lower in group C than those in group A and group B [ ( 11.17± 2.30 vs 12.88 ± 1.29,13.29 ± 1.97 ) mmol/L,P ＜ 0.05 ].At 2 h after meal,the value of PPG was significantly lower in group C than in group A [ ( 8.88 ± 2.66 vs 10.87 ± 1.63 ) mmol/L,P ＜0.05 ].At 1 h and 2 h after meal,there was no significant difference between the value of PPG in goup A and group B ( P＞0.05 ).At 1 h after meal,the value of plasma insulin was significantly lower in group C than those in group B [ (46.02 ± 26.32 vs 88.56 ± 68.75 )μU/ml,P ＜0.05 ],and there was a littler higher in group B than group A ( P＞0.05 ).At 2 h after meal,there was no statistical difference of plasma insulin among group A,B,C [ ( 57.10 ± 33.56,62.26 ± 24.42,54.16 ± 41.35 )μU/ml,P＞0.05 ) ].Isocaloric oat food is potentially beneficial in sustaining blood glucose status and decreasing insulin secretion.It is the ideal choice for type 2 diabetes.Meanwhile,there were no statistical differences in PPG and insulin levels between the individuals taking conjee with steam bread and cooked rice.

Objective To observe the protective effect of acetylcysteine against radiation pneumonia.MethodsTotal of 80 patients who were inoperable were randomly allocated into treatment group and control group.Using conformal radiation technology and the total dose was 65 ～ 75Gy.The patients in treatment group were given acetylcysteine and radiotherapy;the patients in control group were given radiotherapy only.ResultsAll patients were treated radiotherapy.The effective rate( CR and PR) of treatment group was 90％,and that of control group was 85％(P ＞ 0.05);The incidence of acute radiation pneumonia and pulmonary fibrosis in treatment group were 15％ and 20％,respectively;and that of control group were 33％ and 45％ respectively.There was significant difference between the two groups ( P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionUsing acetylcysteine during radiotherapy could prevent radiation pneumonia in the non-small cell lung cancer patients.

Objective To investigate the effect of intermittent high glucose on proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle progression of INS-1 cells, and the possible intracellular pathways activated by intermittent high glucose. Methods Cell viability was evaluated by cell counting kit, the cell cycle was determined by flow cytometry,Annexin-V/PI double-labeled cell apoptosis detection kit was used to monitor cell apoptosis. Cell cycle related protein Skp2 and p27 expressions were detected by Western blot. Results ( 1 ) Both intermittent and constant high glucose significantly inhibited the growth of INS-1 cells, and the former effect was more significant. ( 2 ) Intermittent and constant high glucose levels significantly increased apoptosis in INS-1 cells, and the former effect was more significant. (3) Intermittent and constant high glucose levels significantly inhibited the cell process, the G0/G1 cell cycle arrest also was induced by intermittent high glucose, resulting in lowered proportion of the G2/M phase and S phase of INS-1 cells. (4) Intermittent and constant high glucose significantly decreased the level of protein Skp2 and increased the level of cell cycle related protein p27. Conclusion Intermittent high glucose levels affect INS-1 cell growth and proliferation, as well as induce cell apoptosis, probably by decreasing the level of protein Skp2 and increasing the level of p27 in the cells, resulting in arrest of progression through the G1 phase to the S phase of INS1 cells, and thus impairment of cell proliferation.

Objective Platelet activating factor(PAF),which has been implicated in the pathophysiology of inflammation in asthma,is degraded and inactivated by PAF acetlhydrolase(PAF AH).To investigate the association of PAF AH activity with genotype in asthmatic children.Methods We studied 57 asthmatic children and 30 normal controls. The plasma PAF AH genotype was detected as representative case with 3 different genotypes (Val/Val,Val/Phe and Phe/Phe) by allele specific polymerase chain reaction(AS PCR).The PAF AH activity in plasam was examined by the changes of substrate assay.Results In severe asthmatic individuals plasma PAF AH activities were lower than those of mild or moderate groups and control group,and plasma PAF AH activition was absent 15.4 %.In another three groups plasma PAF AH activation were absent 2 %-3 %.There was significant difference of plasma PAF AH activity among 3 groups of genotype(Val/Val,Val/Phe and Phe/Phe).In the similar genotype, there was no significant difference of plasma PAF AH activity between the groups of control and asthma.Conclusions There was imbalace of PAF/PAF AH in asthmatic children. In severe asthmatic individuals plasma PAF AH activities were lower than those of mild or moderate groups and control group. PAF AH(Val279Phe) gene mutation was related with plasma PAF AH activity.

Objective:To compare the dosimetric difference between knowledge-based planning (KBP) volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) models for predicting the dose distribution during IMRT, aiming to investigate the feasibility of VMAT model to predict the IMRT plans.Methods:Fifty prostate cancer patients who had completed radiotherapy were selected. Manual planning was performed on each selected patient to generate the corresponding IMRT and VMAT plans. The IMRT and VMAT manual plans of the 40 randomly-selected patients were adopted to generate the KBP VMAT and IMRT models. The remaining 10 patients were utilized to predict IMRT plans. VMAT library-derived IMRT model (V-IMRT) and IMRT library-derived IMRT model (I-IMRT) were generated. Dosimetric parameters related to organ-at-risks (OARs) and planning target volume (PTV) were statistically compared among the manual IMRT (mIMRT), V-IMRT and I-IMRT plans.Results:Compared with the mIMRT plan, I-IMRT could significantly better control D max of the PTV ( P=0.039), whereas V-IMRT and I-IMRT plans could better protect the bladder and bilateral femoral heads (both P<0.05). V-IMRT plan could better protect the D max of bilateral femoral heads and the D 15% of the right femoral head (both P<0.05), whereas no significant difference was observed in other OARs and PTV (all P>0.05). Conclusions:Compared with the manual plans, KBP IMRT plan has significant advantages in protecting the OARs. KBP VMAT and IMRT models are both feasible in clinical practice, which yield equivalent accuracy for predicting IMRT plan.