Objective An analysis was conducted to investigate the iodine nutrition level of children aged 8 - 10 in low-coverage area of iodized salt of Yushu Qinghai province for providing a scientific basis for the development of effective preventive measures. Methods Yushu, Chengduo, Nangqian and Zaduo counties with higher non-iodized salt coverage rate in Yushu Qinghai province were chosen as survey counties in 2009. Three townships were selected in each county, and 2 primary schools were selected in each township and 40 urine samples of children aged 8-10 were collected randomly in each primary school. The content of urinary iodine was analyzed by As-Ce catalytic spectrophotometery. Results Median urinary iodine of children aged 8 - 10 in Nangqian and Zaduo was < 100 μg/L. The percentage of median urinary iodine < 50 μg/L in Yushu was over 20%. Median urinary iodine of children aged 10 in Zaduo was 81.5 μg/L, the percentage of median urinary iodine < 50 μg/L of children aged 9 and 10 was over 20%. The percentage of median urinary iodine < 50 μg/L in children aged 9 and 10 of Yushu was over 20%. Median urinary iodine of girls in Zaduo was 87.1 μg/L, the percentage of median urinary iodine < 50 μg/L of boys in Zaduo was over 20%. The percentage of median urinary iodine < 50 μg/L of girls in Yushu was over 20%. Conclusions The iodine nutrition level of children aged 8 - 10 in Nangqian, Zaduo and Yushu counties were very low due to the impact of non-iodized salt. We propose salt market in the region to strengthen management and improve the coverage and consumption rates of iodized salt to improve the level of iodine nutrition for effective prevention of iodine deficiency disorders.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Athletic Performance ; psychology ; Back ; physiology ; Electromyography ; Exercise ; physiology ; Humans ; Imagery (Psychotherapy) ; Male ; Young Adult

Objective To observe the treatment efficacy of Edaravone and Yishen Dingxuan decoction on patients with posterior circulation infarction. Methods Sixty-three patients with posterior circulation infarction,admitted to our hospital from January 2010 to June 2011,were randomly divided into treatment group (n=32) and control group (n=31); treatment group was treated by Edaravone (intravenous infusion) and Yishen Dingxuan decoction (per os),and Yishen Dingxuan decoction was composed of Tianma,Gouteng,Chuanxiong,Jixueteng,Baizhu,Zexie,Banxia,Shanyurou,Huangqi,Gouqi and Heshouwu.Control group was treated by edaravone (intravenous infusion) and Shuxuetong.National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was performed before and 14 d after the treatment; the decrement of the scores (the symptom improvement degree) was used as index to evaluate the efficacy.Results The NIHSS scores in the treatment group (4.564 ±1.350) were significantly different as compared with those in the control group ([7.976+ 1.830],t=6.587,P=0.021 ).Rank-sum test indicated that grade distribution of the efficacy between the 2 groups was significantly different (Z=-2.338,P=0.019),and mean rank test further proved that the treatment efficacy in treatment group (26.89) was better than that in the control group (37.27) Conclusion The treatment efficacy of Edaravone and Yishen Dingxuan decoction in patients with posterior circulation infarction is good.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of Kangquan Recipe (KQR) on sex steroids and cell proliferation in an experimental benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) model in rats.

METHODSSeventy-two SD rats were randomly divided into six groups: the normal group, the model group, the finasteride group, and the low-, middle-, and high-dose KQR groups, 12 in each group. Except those in the normal group, the rats were injected with testosterone after castration for the establishment of BPH model and then given respectively with normal saline, finasteride, and low-, middle-, and high-dose of KQR for 30 days. The levels of plasma testosterone (T) and estradiol (E(2)) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the mRNA expression ) of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in prostate tissue was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) after administration.

RESULTSCompared with the model group, the prostate weight, the plasma T, and the mRNA expression of PCNA were significantly lower, and the plasma E(2) and the ratio of E(2)/T were higher in the three KQR groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the prostate weight, plasma T and E(2), and ratio of E(2)/T among the finasteride group and the three KQR groups (P>0.05). The mRNA expressions of PCNA were significantly higher in the middle- and low-dose of KQR groups than those in the finasteride group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONKQR shows multitarget effects on experimental BPH rats, and the mechanism might be related with regulating the balance of plasma T and E(2) and decreasing the PCNAmRNA expression in prostate tissue to restrain cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner.

Animals ; Body Weight ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cookbooks as Topic ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; blood ; metabolism ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Organ Size ; drug effects ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; genetics ; metabolism ; Prostate ; drug effects ; pathology ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; blood ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

This study was aimed to establish the real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) with erythrocyte Kidd blood group gene for detecting the hematopoietic chimera and to investigate the feasibility of this method. The TaqMan MGB probes and special primers were designed on basis of difference of erythrocyte Kidd blood group alleles, the hematopoietic chimerism was detected by RT-qPCR, the DNA chimerism was simulated by means of dilution of multiple proportions, and the sensitivity analysis was performed. The results showed that the RT-qPCR with erythrocyte Kidd blood group gene could effectively distinguish JK*A and JK*B alleles. There was no significant difference between the theoretic value and the practical measured value by this method (P > 0.05). As 156 donor's cells could be discriminated from 10(4) chimeric cells, this method may effectively detect donor's cells with correlation coefficient 0.998. It is concluded that the established RT-qPCR with erythrocyte Kidd blood group gene shows the feasibility for quantitative detection of hematopoietic chimera, and may be used to quantitatively detect chimera in a certain range.
Chimera ; Erythrocytes ; Humans ; Kidd Blood-Group System ; genetics ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction

BACKGROUND: In recent years, the rapid development of medical and tissue engineering has provided more choices for making nerve conduit preparation. OBJECTIVE: To review the application of nerve conduits in the repair of peripheral nerve injury. METHODS: The first author retrieved the CNKI and PubMed databases to search relevant articles published from 2010 to 2016. The key words were "nerve conduit, peripheral nerve" in Chinese and English, respectively.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The nerve conduit materials are mainly classified into biotype and non-biotype. Biotype materials mainly include muscle, amniotic membrane, vein and small intestinal submucosal layer. The non-biotype materials include chitosan, collagen, silk fibroin, polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, polyaniline and silicone tubes. Some materials currently have been approved to enter the clinical stage. There are more or less problems in the clinical application of nerve conduits in the repair of peripheral nerve injury. For example, the length of a defect that can be repaired is limited; the mechanical properties and mechanical properties are not exactly matched with nerve regeneration; the degradation rate is inconsistent with the rate of nerve regeneration; and poor biocompatibility exists.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression pattern of human triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1) mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and its clinical significance in acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis (AOSC).

METHODSPeripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected from 36 patients with AOSC and 40 healthy adults. TREM-1 mRNA was determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR, and TREM-1 protein by immunocytochemistry. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (TNF-alpha) was used to detect the level of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and immunoturbidimetry employed to detect C reactive protein.

RESULTSThe expression of TREM-1 mRNA relative to beta-actin was 1.007-/+0.252 in patients with AOSC, significantly higher than that in the healthy adults (0.457-/+0.053, P<0.05). The two groups also showed significantly different TREM protein expression (P<0.01). The AOSC patients exhibited significantly higher levels of TNF-alpha and C reactive protein than the healthy adults (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe expression of human TREM-1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells is up-regulated obviously in early stage of AOSC, probably suggesting an important role of TREM-1 in the development of AOSC.

Acute Disease ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biomarkers ; blood ; Case-Control Studies ; Cholangitis ; blood ; complications ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; metabolism ; Male ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Receptors, Immunologic ; genetics ; metabolism ; Sepsis ; blood ; etiology ; Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1

Objective To discuss the microsurgical skills of management of acoustic neuroma and the protection of facial nerve. Methods One hundred and sixty-eight patients with acoustic neuroma, admitted to our hospital from August 2002 to December 2010, received microsurgery through suboccipital retrosigmoid approach. Under intraoperative electromyography (EMG) monitoring, the facial nerve was separated sharply from both sides, and the tumors were removed by alternate intracapsular excision and capsule wall excision. The microsurgical skill and the method of protection of facial nerve were evaluated retrospectively. Results Total resection was performed in 149 cases (88.69％), partial resection in 19 cases (11.31％). Facial nerve was protected in 146 cases (86.9％) during the operation. Two patients were dead shortly after the surgery. The facial nerve functions were evaluated 6 months after the surgery: 91 (54.26％) belonged to grade Ⅰ and grade Ⅱ, and 52 (30.95％) belonged to grade Ⅲ and grade Ⅳ, while 52 (14.89％) belonged to grade Ⅴ and grade Ⅵ according to House-Brackmann grade. Conclusion The microsurgical removal of acoustic neuroma through suboccipital retrosigmoid approach is safe and effective. The intraoperative electromyography monitoring could improve the reservation rate of facial nerve. Skilled microsurgical technique is the key to the total removal of acoustic minor and the protection of facial nerve.

Long-term compliance with regular surveillance is important for the prevention and timely management of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). However, there are no researches focusing on the compliance of hepatitis B virus infected patients in regular surveillance so far. The purpose of our study was to investigate the outpatient compliance with long-term regular surveillance in China. Data of 3257 CHB outpatients was pooled and analyzed to assess the outpatient's compliance with the long-term regular surveillance plan. In all outpatients, the non-follow-up and the follow-up group accounted for 73.2% and 26.8%, respectively. Among the follow-up outpatient's, only 48.9% received ongoing-follow-up and 51.1% were finally lost to follow-up; the median length of visiting duration was 25 months; and the predictive 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- and 5-year ongoing follow-up rate was 72.7%, 52.5%, 42.4%, 33.8%, and 26.3%, respectively. In conclusion, our survey proved that the regular long-term surveillance on Chinese chronic HBV carrier is difficult to be fully implemented. A large proportion of outpatients do not receive routine follow-up and are at risk of treatment delay due to various social reasons.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carrier State ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; therapy ; China ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Hepatitis B ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Patient Compliance ; statistics & numerical data ; Population Surveillance ; methods ; Prevalence ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the oncologic safety, indications and aesthetic results for skin-sparing mastectomy (SSM) and immediate breast reconstruction (IBR).

METHODOne hundred and twenty-nine breast cancer patients treated by SSM + IBR from October 1999 to May 2007 were reviewed. Reconstructive techniques included latissimus dorsi flaps (38 patients), implants only (2 patients), latissimus dorsi flaps plus implants (61 patients), pedicled transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flaps (25 patients) and deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flaps (3 patients). Aesthetic results were judged by patients' self-evaluation.

RESULTSMean duration of hospitalization was 18.6 days. Time of first chemotherapy was 5.2 days after operation. Eleven patients (11/63, 17.5%) developed capsular contracture and 24 patients (24/99, 24.2%) developed seroma in the donor site. Nine patients (9/28, 32.1%) developed partial fat necrosis in TRAM and DIEP flaps. The satisfaction with the aesthetic results of the reconstructive breast was significantly lower in irradiated patients than non-irradiated ones. Median follow-up time was 11 months. Five patients developed local recurrence and 7 patients with metastasis.

CONCLUSIONSSSM with IBR can be used for the 0 to II a stage breast cancer patients, with surgical oncologic and aesthetic satisfaction. Radiotherapy has an adverse effect on the reconstructive breast. Delayed or delayed-immediate reconstructions are recommended for patients indicated to postoperative radiotherapy.

Adult ; Breast Neoplasms ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mammaplasty ; methods ; Mastectomy, Subcutaneous ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Surgical Flaps ; Treatment Outcome