Objective To determine sonographic features of thyroid follicular carcinoma ( FC) in comparison with thyroid follicular adenoma ( FA ).Methods This retrospective study included 36 pathologically proven FCs (5 widely invasive FCs and 31 minimally invasive FCs)and 52 FAs in 88 patients who underwent thyroid surgery .We analyzed clinical features of each patient ,including patient gender,age, and sonographic features of each tumor , including maximum diameter, peripheral halo, echogenicity, echotexture,calcifications and nodule number .These clinical and sonographic findings were compared by using t test ( age and diameter ) or the χ2 test (sex ratio,halo,echogenicity,echotexture,calcifications and nodularity)between FAs and FCs.Results For sonographic features,predominantly solid content(100.0%, 36/36),hypoechoic echogenicity (69.4%,25/36),inhomogeneous echotexture (83.9%,26/32),presence of calcifications(55.6%, 20/36) and without or with irregular halo (69.4%,25/36) were more commonly found in FCs.In comparison,FAs were more likely to present with mixed or predominantly cystic content (61.5%,32/52),isoechoic echogenicity (63.5%,33/52),homogeneous echotexture (80.8%,42/52), absence of calcifications (7.7%,4/52) and thin halo (86.5%,45/52) ( χ2 =34.813,28.596,35.256, 25.052,28.811,all P<0.01).The maximum diameter and mean age did not show statistically significant difference between FCs and FAs (t=0.222,-1.228,P=0.825,0.223).The proportions of tumor larger than 40 mm(22.2%,8/36 vs 17.3%,9/52),solitary nodule(31.3%,12/24 vs 21.2%,11/41),male sex (25.0%,9/27 vs 23.1%,12/40)and patient older than 45 years(66.7%,24/36 vs 71.2%,37/52)did not show statistically significant difference between FCs and FAs ( χ2 =0.330,1.635,0.043,0.201,all P>0.05).Conclusion Sonographic features,including predominantly solid content ,hypoechoic echogenicity, inhomogeneous echotexture ,presence of calcifications and without or with irregular halo were more commonly seen in FCs.

Comet Assay ; DNA Damage ; DNA Repair ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; methods

0.05).[Conclusion]The factors causing reductions should be removed arthroscopically.Arthrocopy may be a useful micro-treatment method for DDH.

Objective To investigate the permeability changes of prostate cancer cells membrane under low intensity ultrasound in vitro.Methods The culture of monolayer adherent LNCaP prostate cancer cells in six-well plate was exposed to continuous ultrasound at frequency of 1 MHz.The cells membrane permeability (stained with Calcein)and cells viability(stained with PI)were evaluated by fluorescent microscope (FM) and cells morphological changes were evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) under ultrasound with acoustic intensity of 160 mW/cm2 for 5 s.The rate of cells with increased cells membrane permeability as function of acoustic intensity (80 mW/cm2,120 mW/cm2 and 160 mW/cm2,for 5 s) and exposure duration (5 s,10 s and 15 s,acoustic intensity of 120 mW/cm2) was evaluated by flow cytometry.ResultsAfter low intensity of ultrasound,the cells with increased cell membrane permeability could be clearly shown with Calcein uptake under FM while no cell showed Calcein uptake in the control group.The SEM showed less microvilli on the cells after low intensity of ultrasound exposure and few cells showed holes on the cell membrane.The rate of cells with increased membrane permeability increased with acoustic intensity and exposure duration.Conclusion Low intensity ultrasound alone could increase membrane permeability of prostate cancer cells and cells with increased membrane permeability showed surface plane,uncommon holes on the cells membrane.The rate of cells with increased membrane permeability positively correlated with acoustic intensity and exposure duration.

Objective To evaluate the survival and adverse effects of adjuvant concurrent temozolomid (TMZ) combined with radiochemotherapy in postoperative patients with high grade intracranial glioma.Methods 84 postoperative patients with high grade intracranial glioma were randomly divided into the observation group (42 cases including 25 grade Ⅲ cases and 17 grade Ⅳ cases) and the control group (42 cases including 23 grade Ⅲ cases and 19 grade Ⅳ cases).All patients were treated with concurrent radiochemotherapy after surgical operations,the total radiation dose was 60-66 Gy.The patients in observation group were given daily oral TMZ 75 mg/m2 during radiotherapy.4 weeks after radiotherapy,all of the patients received 6 cycles of TMZ,each cycle lasted 5 days with 28 days interval between each cycles.150 mg/m2 of TMZ was given for the first cycle for 5 days,followed by 200 mg/m2 of drug for the rest of the cycles if no significant drug related toxicities were observed.Results The overall response rates (CR+ PR) were 71.7 ％ (33/46) in the observation group,and 32.6 ％ (15/46) in the control group,and with significant difference between the two groups (P ＜ 0.001).The 1,2 and 3 year survival rates of patients in the observation group were 71.7 ％,47.8 ％,36.9 ％,and 56.5 ％,26.1％,15.2 ％ in the control group.The significant differences were found in 2-year and 3-year survival rates between the two groups (P =0.031,0.018).The median recurrent period in the observation group were 22 and 12 months in the control group,and with singnificant difference (P =0.015).The main side effects were limited to grade Ⅰ or Ⅱ.Conclusions Concurrent TMZ combined with radiotherapy in the treatment of high grade gliomas has better clinical efficacy,and can improve the 2-year and 3-year survival rates.Patients tolerate the strategy well and no severe toxicities are observed.

Gastrectomy ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; analysis ; Statistics as Topic ; Stomach Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molar ; Root Canal Therapy ; methods

Aluminum ; toxicity ; Humans ; Nervous System Diseases ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Occupational Exposure ; Occupational Health ; Respiratory Tract Diseases ; epidemiology ; etiology