According to the concept of sagittal spinal balance, the alternating curves of cervical and lumbar lordosis and thoracic and sacral kyphosis enable the head to be positioned over the trunk and pelvis. But the sagittal imbalance represents departure from this ideal form. Cervical kyphosis may represent the most disabling of these imbalances, for it can cause pain, postural difficulties, or neurologic deficit. A summary and discussion is reviewed regarding the anatomy, biomechanics, etiology, clinical presentation, laboratory examination and treatment of this condition.

Objective To investigate the effect of isovolumic hemodilution with 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HES) (200/0.5) on expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) after global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Methods Eighty-four male Wistar rats weighing 230-280g were randomly divided into 3 groups: group Ⅱ sham operation (S , n = 20); group ischemia-reperfusion (Ⅱ , n = 32) and groupⅢ hemodilution with 6% HES (200/0.05) (H, n =32) . Group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ were further divided into 4 equal subgroups with 8 animals in each subgroup: 2h, 4h, 8h and 12h after beginning of reperfusion. Global cerebral ischemia was produced by permanent occlusion of bilateral vertebral arteries and cross-clamping of bilateral common carotid arteries for 10min and then clamping was released for reperfusion. In group Ⅲ acute normal volumic hemodilution was performed at 10 min after reperfusion was begun. 1ml/100g of blood was removed from artery and equal volume of 6% HES(200/0.5) was infused into the vein simultaneously. Hct was checked before and after hemodilution. The animals were decapitated at designed time and brain tissue was removed from ischemic area and frozen in liquid nitrogen. ICAM-1 expression was determined by using immunohistochemical technique. Results ICAM-1 expression significantly increased after 2h, 4h, 8h and 12h reperfusion in group Ⅱ and Ⅲ as compared with in group Ⅰ (P

Anus Diseases ; surgery ; Humans

Objective To investigate the effect of hemodilution with different plasma substitutes on the expression of tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) and interleukin-1 (IL-1 ) in brain tissue after global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats.Methods 116 male Wistar rats weighing 230-280 g were randomly divided into 4 groups: group S ( n = 20) sham operation; group Ⅰ ( n = 32) I/R; group H (n = 32) I/R + hemodilution with 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HAES, 200/0.5) and group G ( n = 32) I/R + hemodilution with gelatine solution. Group Ⅰ, H and G were further divided into 4 equal subgroups with 8 animals in each subgroup according to the duration of reperfusion: 1, 3, 6, 12 h. Global cerebral ischemia was produced by permanent occlusion of bilateral vertebral arteries and cross-clamping of bilateral common carotid arteries for 10 min. The clamping was then released for reperfusion. Global cerebral ischemia was confirmed by coma, loss of righting reflex, bilateral pupil dilation and loss of pain sensation. In group H and G acute hemodilution was performed at 10 min after the beginning of reperfusion. 1 ml? 100 g-1 of blood was removed from the right femoral artery and equal volume of plasma substitute was infused into left femoral vein simultaneously within 5 min. Hematocrit was checked before and after hemodilution. The animals were decapitated after being reperfused for different periods of time as planned and the brains were immediately removed. MTT bioassay and radioimmunoassay techniques were used to determine the IL-1 activity and TNF-? content of the brain tissue respectively. Results The IL-1 and TNF-? levels of brain tissue at 1, 3, 6, 12 h after reperfusion was started were significantly higher in group Ⅰ, H and G than in group S (P

The application of fetal echocardiography in clinical is increasing , more and more patients need de-tailed consulting services .The following suggestions are made:Echocardiographic doctors should set up the consulting service consciousness , provide consulting with patience , popularity and carefulness; the doctors should understand the patients and their family′s emotions and also pay attention to the psychological care;environmental requirements for patients′echocardiographic examination and counseling service;encouraging multidisciplinary join the participa-tion of consulting services .

Objective To evaluate the occurrence of multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO)infection in a general hospital,and take effective comprehensive intervention measures,so as to reduce MDRO infection.Methods Targeted monitoring on MDROs was performed from October 2012 to December 2013,comprehensive intervention measures were conducted,the occurrence of MDRO infection before and after intervention was compared.Results A total of 62 384 pa-tients were investigated,17.91%(n=11 176)were sent specimens for pathogen culture,606 times of culture for patients’ specimens were detected MDROs,292(0.47%)cases were MDRO healthcare-associated infection(HAI),314 were com-munity-acquired infection or colonization.MDRO infection case rate decreased from 0.65%(75/11 603)before intervention to 0.26%(36/13 875)after intervention (χ2 =21.08,P <0.05).Conclusion Comprehensive intervention measures can effectively reduce the occurrence of MDRO HAI.

Chronic pain is a common clinical disease,which brings great burden to the patients.However,the pathogenesis underlying of chronic pain is complicated,which is affected by many factors,such as physiology,psychology and society.Therefore,the treatment of chronic pain has been a problem in clinical practice.Considering its complexity,a single way of treatment usually could not reach satisfactory results,so combination therapy is often used to treat chronic pain at present.The combination therapy includes pharmacological treatment,psychological approaches,interventional treatment,self management and so on.The treatment plans are distinct for different types of chronic pain,even the individual patients with the same kind of pain.The emergence of interdisciplinary rehabilitation programs shed light upon the treatment of chronic pain recent years.This paper reviewed the research on chronic pain treatment,in order to provide theoretical basis for clinical practice.

Aerotitis media occurs frequently among flyers. 40 cases have been treated with electro- acupuncture in our hospital with satisfactory results. Xiaguan was selected as local point and Hegu as distal point. The patients were needled once a day or every other day. The total rate of effectiveness was 90.0%. According to Western medicine, this disease is due to poor pressure-equilibrating function of the Eustachian tube. The mechanism of treating this disease was explained by traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine theory.
Acupuncture ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Eustachian Tube ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

Brain Infarction ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Cerebral Angiography ; Child ; Echocardiography, Doppler, Color ; Heart Atria ; Heart Neoplasms ; complications ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Humans ; Intracranial Embolism ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Male ; Myxoma ; complications ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Pulmonary Edema ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Thrombosis ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy

Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tracheal Stenosis