Biobank is a biorepository which organized for collecting and storing human biospecimen as well as associated information for research uses.Biobank is the fundamental platform which translates the basic research result into clinical practice.It also plays an important role in disease diagnosis,new drug development,disease-related genetic research and epidemiological studies.The rise of translational medicine promotes the construction and development of the biobank.This review highlights the necessity to establish biobank,and focuses on the recent advances of the modem type of biobank,quality control of biospecimens,construction of biobank,best practices and guideline applied for biobank.This review also provides information for improvement of biobank.

Objective To regulate standardized ICD-10 case classification name and coding,and common clinical diagnosis name or expression of mapping rules,to systematically improve the quality of DRGs key data,and to assess the impact of medical diagnostic data quality on DRGs and the indicators based on the DRGs.Methods Extension of the glossaries of clinical diagnosis synonyms or near-synonyms,and establishment of a standardized maintenance procedure of ICD-10 dictionary.Adjustment of the impact extent of DRGs disease makeup on case classification,comparison of the consistency of principal diagnosis classification,and the consistency of DRGs grouping,as well as changes of such indicators as DRGs grouping reduction in variance (RIV) and case mix index (CMI).Results Data of the obstetrics,gynecology and pediatrics disciplines of a maternity and children hospital from 2012 to 2013 (72 005 cases)and 2014 to 2015 (77 705 cases) were chosen for prior-after comparison.The encoding consistency rate was 59.60％ before the improvement,with the improved standardized consistency rate rising to 66.38％afterwards;beforehand the DRGs grouping consistency rate was 69.30％,with the improved standardized consistency rate rising to 88.00％ afterwards;beforehand the cost RIV was 0.515,with the cost RIV rising to 0.576 afterwards;the CMI variations of individual campuses of healthcare institutions appear more reasonable.Conclusions Diagnostic quality control and improvement project can improve the data accuracy of coding.This empowers the RIV and CMI indexes calculated on such basis to better describe the complexity of clinical settings,conducive to establishing a value-oriented prepayment system which is more transparent,fair and reasonable.

Objective To obtain a novel tool-enzyme for genetic engineering with good solubility,strong specificity of enzyme digestion and maintaining the enzyme activity at low temperature by using E.coli expression system to express self-processed re-combinant MBP-HRV 3C fusion protease.Methods The cDNA encoding HRV 3C protease was cloned into pRSF-Duet vector.The recombinant plasmid was transferred into E.coli BL21 (DE3)for expression.HRV 3C protease was obtained through Nichol col-umn affinity purification.The cleavage activity of HRV 3C protease was determined by in vivo experiment.Results HRV 3C prote-ase was highly expressed in E.coli expression system,and the obtained HRV 3C protease could recognize and digest HRV 3C site. Conclusion A novel tool-enzyme for genetic engineering is obtained.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of PUW (a fraction containing 60% corilagin from a Chinese herbal plant Phyllanthus urinaria) on thrombosis and coagulation system. METHODS: Myers's method was used to evaluate the protection of intravenously administered PUW against the male mouse sudden death caused by injection of 75 mg/kg arachidonic acid in the tail vein; Charlton's method was modified to observe antithrombotic effect of PUW in rat electrically stimulated carotid artery thrombosis model; and the model of venous thrombosis was produced to investigate the antithrombotic effect of PUW. Rosette assay was used to observe the effect of PUW on platelet-neutrophil adhesion. The effects of PUW were monitored on euglobulin lysis time (ELT), prothrombin time (PT), kaolin partial thromboplastin time (KPTT), and bleeding time (BT) in rats, according to the methods of Kowalski, HUANG Zheng-Liang, and GU Yue-Fang, et al, respectively. RESULTS: The results showed that PUW administered intravenously significantly decreased the mouse mortality, prolonged the occlusion time of rat carotid arteries, and reduced the wet and dry thrombus weight of the inferior vena cava, respectively. PUW markedly inhibited the binding of activated platelets to neutrophils, obtaining 39.7 mg/L of the medium inhibitory concentration. Intravenously administered PUW significantly shortened ELT, prolonged KPTT while had no influence on PT; PUW increased BT in rat tail tips but the BT caused by PUW was much shorter than that by aspirin or urokinase. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that PUW has the potential of antithrombosis due to its inhibition of platelet-neutrophil adhesion. PUW shows the tendency to bleeding, however, it could not cause serious bleeding side effect as compared with aspirin or urokinase.

Artificial heart is an effective device in solving insufficient native heart supply for heart transplant, and the research and application of novel actuators play an important role in the development of artificial heart. In this paper, artificial muscle is introduced as the actuators of direct cardiac compression assist, and some of its parameters are compared with those of native heart muscle. The open problems are also discussed.
Artificial Organs ; Assisted Circulation ; instrumentation ; Biocompatible Materials ; Equipment Design ; Heart-Assist Devices ; Humans ; Muscles

Objective     To compare the clinical effects of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) via the left anterior small thoracotomy (LAST) versus lower-end sternal splitting (LESS) approach in the treatment of coronary heart disease. Methods     The patients who underwent LAST CABG in Tianjin Chest Hospital from October 2015 to December 2020 were allocated to an observation group (LAST group), and the patients who underwent LESS CABG at the same period were allocated to a LESS group. Propensity score matching method was applied with a ratio of 1∶1. The baseline data, perioperative data and grafts data were compared between the two groups after matching. Results     Before matching, there were 110 patients in the LAST group, and 206 patients in the LESS group. After matching, there were 110 patients in each group. In the LAST group, there were 83 males and 27 females with an average age of 60.6±8.3 years. In the LESS group, there were 80 males and 30 females with an average age of 61.0±9.6 years. There was no statistical difference in baseline data between the two groups after matching (P>0.05). The hospital stay time (t=2.255, P=0.025) and ventilator using time (t=−2.229, P=0.027) in the LAST group were significantly shorter than those in the LESS group. There were no statistical differences between the two groups in the postoperative hospital stay time, ICU stay time, postoperative left ventricular ejection fraction, postoperative left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, average number of grafts, secondary intubation, secondary thoracotomy, postoperative wound infection, sternal complications, postoperative atrial fibrillation, postoperative pulmonary infection or main adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (P>0.05). There was no statistical difference in the distribution of target vessels in the anterior descending branch, diagonal branch or posterior descending branch between the two groups (P>0.05). The grafts of the LAST group were significantly more than those of the LESS group in the area of obtuse marginal branch and posterior ventricular branch, and the grafts of the LESS group were significantly more than those of the LAST group in the area of right coronary artery (P<0.05). Post-operative computerized tomography angiography indicated that 1 patient in the LAST group had obtuse marginal branch vein bridge vessel occlusion, and the bridge vessels in the other patients were unobstructed. Conclusion     Minimally invasive CABG via both LAST and LESS approaches is safe and effective. LAST approach can achieve complete revascularization for multi-vessel lesions, and it is safe and reliable, with the advantages of less trauma and aesthetic appearance. However, it requires a certain learning curve of surgical techniques and certain surgical indications.