Objective To assess the image findings of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI).Methods Image findings of 9 patients with surgically proved femoroacetabular impingement were retrospectively reviewed for characteristic image findings of FAL All 9 patients underwent X-ray examinations and MRI of affected hip, and 1 patient underwent MR arthrography (MRA) additionally. Results X-ray examinations of all 9 patients showed bump at femoral head-neck junction or overcoverage of the acetabula.MRI showed various degrees of injury of anterosuperior labrum in all 9 patients. The injuries were stage Ⅰ A in2 cases, stage Ⅰ B in3, stage ⅡA in2, and stage ⅡB in 2. MRA of the case showed tears of anterosuperior labrum, with contrast media entering into the teared labrum. There were sclerosis and cystic degeneration of subchondral bone of femoral head in 2 cases, and these findings were confirmed as cartilage delamination by surgery. Conclusions MRI can display the injures of labrum and articular cartilage, which is helpful to the early diagnosis of FAI.

To develop a LC-MS/MS method for the determination of five kinds of trace ginkgolic acids in diterpene ginkgolides meglumine injection materials, the column was Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse plus C18 (3.0 mm x 50 mm, 1.8 µm), and the mobile phase consisted of methanol-water (containing 0.2% formic acid) (95:5) at a flow rate of 0.5 mL · min(-1). The multiple reaction ion monitoring (MRM) with an ESI interface in the negative ion mode was selected. The results showed that the linear ranges of five kinds of ginkgolic acids were in the range of 0.2-36.0 µg · L(-1) (r ≥ 0.999 5). The lowest limit of quantification (LOQ) of ginkgo acid C13: 0, C15:1, C17:2, C15:0 and C17:1 were 0.18, 0.18, 0.21, 0.10 and 0.20 µg · L(-1), respectively. The average recovery was between 73.28% and 87.56%, and the average content of total ginkgolic acids in three batches of samples was in the range of 0.023-0.028 µg · g(-1), which was much lower than 2 µg · g(-1) prescribed in drug registration standards. This method is simple and rapid with high sensitivity, which can be used for the determination of five kinds of trace ginkgolic acids in diterpene ginkgolides meglumine injection materials.
Chromatography, Liquid ; methods ; Ginkgolides ; analysis ; Injections ; Limit of Detection ; Salicylates ; analysis ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; methods

Objective To analyze the factors that influence the family training compliance of THR,to provide a theoretical basis for the early rehabilitation of the patients' limbs function.Methods A questionnaire survey was used in this study,52 patients who received THR six months ago were given family visit.The survey including the scores of the patients' basic information,compliance of rehabilitation training and the rehabilitation of hip function,and statistical analysis was given to acquired data.Results The score of the postoperation family rehabilitation training compliance was (30.76±5.28).The order of the four dimensions was ranked as:the self-care capacity,the good habits,rehabilitation training skills and the relevant knowledge of the disease.The major related factors of the compliance were the education level,psychological condition,family and social support condition and economic condition.Conclusions Factors such as knowledge of rehabilitation,rehabilitation training skills,education level,psychological condition,family and social support and the economic condition are related to the compliance of family rehabilitation training.An effective rehabilitation training plan,postoperation visiting,recovery instruction and stable social support can play a positive influence on the compliance of family rehabilitation training and the recovery of limbs'function as well as the patients' quality of life.

ObjectiveTo clarify the influence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein 120 V4 region with mutations at amino acid locuses on its abilities to enter target cells.Methods Based on the facts that ADA strains was a CCR5-tropic strain,only had the ability to infect CCR5 cells; that HXB2 strains was a CXCR4-tropic strain,only had the ability to infect CXCR4 cells,serial glycoprotein 120 mutants with alanine substitution in V4 region of ADA and HXB2 strains,were constructed by overlaping PCR.Eukaryotic expression vectors of mutants and expression vectors of HIV framework gene with luciferase reporter gene were cotransfected into eukaryotic cells to produce pseudoviruse.Concentration of HIV-1 gag P24 in pseudoviruses was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).U87.CD4.CCR5 and U87.CD4.CXCR4 cells were infected with 20 and 40 ng pseudoviruses,with wild ADA and HXB2 strains as control groups,respectively.The ability to infect cells of pseudovirus of each mutant with HIV-1 V4- region mutated at amine acid locuses 386-417 was measured by detecting the luciferase activity (relative light unit,RLU).ResultsTen mutants with alanine substitution in V4 region of HIV-1 ADA and HXB2 strains were successfully constructed,respectively.Mutants of pseudoviruse with 20 ng and 40 ng at locuses 389-391 and 414-417 with alanine substitution of V4 region in both ADA and HXB2 strains lost completely the abilities to enter CCR5 and CXCR4 expressing cells[ (0 ± 0)％].It was found that introduction of alanine to ADAs 400-403 and ADAs 408-410 increased the ability to infect cells to (124 ± 35)％,(182 ± 29)％ and (127 ± 8)％,( 134 ± 16)％ with pseudoviruse of 20 ng and 40 ng,respectively.Likewise,the ability to infect CXCR4 expressing cells also increased to (144 ± 42 )％ and (121 ± 18 )％ with pseudoviruse of 20 ng and 40 ng,respectively by introduction of alanine to HXB2s 395-397.However,other mutants in V4 region of ADA and HXB2 only maintained partial entry abilities( 15％- 84％).ConclusionsMutants of V4 region of HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein 120 with alanine substitution at locuses 389-391 and 414-417 in both ADA and HXB2 strains have been constructed successfully.They completely lost the ability to enter target cells.

Objective To investigate the effect of cell death by HIV-1 infection on gene 90K/Mac-2BP by RNA interference (RNAi) in U937 cell line.Methods We used human monocyte-macrophage cell line U937 as the cell model.Cells were infected by HIV-1 ( R5-tropic) 5 days, and then stained by PE-Annexin V and PerCP-7-AAD.90K/Mac-2BP in U937 cell line was knocked down , and these cells were infected by HIV-1 for 5 days.Then, cells were stained by PE-AnnexinV and PerCP-7-AAD.Apoptosis were examined upon flow cytometry .Results The percentages of Annexin V+cells without 90K/Mac-2BP knock-down were (16.27 ±0.30)% by HIV-1 infection.The percentages of them with 90K/Mac-2BP knock-down were (31.26 ±0.35)%, (25.76 ±0.30)%, (23.69 ±0.33)% respectively.The increase of cell apoptosis rate for HIV-1-infected U937 cells by 90K/Mac-2BP siRNA transfection was significantly greater than that for HIV-1-infected untreated cells (P﹤0.01).Conclusion The apoptosis of HIV-1-infected U937 cells was regulated by the expression of 90K/Mac-2BP.

Objective To investigate the clinical and molecular pathological features of dysferlinopathy in China.Methods Four patients with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy2B(LGMD2B)and 4 patients with Miyoshi-type distal muscular dystrophy(MMD)were clinically analyzed, their skeletal muscle were biopsied and immunohistochemical stained.Four cases of each Duchenne-Aran muscular atrophy and myotis were served as controls.Results The clinical situation of dysferlinopathy was characterized by progressive muscle weakness and atrophy, consistent with progressive muscular dystrophy.Histochemical staining revealed muscle fibers degenerating, regenerating and necrosis in a varying degree.Connective tissue was seen proliferated and inflammatory cells infiltrated in the majority of cases.Immunohistochemical staining with anti-dysferlin monoclonal antibody identified the deficiency of dysferlin on the sarcolemma and in the sarcoplasm of 8 cases with dysferlinopathy.Conclusions(1)The clinical and pathological characters of dysferlinopathy are consistent with progressive muscular dystrophy;(2)Anti-dysferlin monoclonal antibody immunohistochemical staining is a reliable method to diagnose dysferlinopathy, which is worth of wide application in clinic.

Objective To study the relationship between the asthenia TCM syndromes in embryonic development stops and the level of zinc, iron, copper, magnesium, phosphorus, calcium in serum, and provide thoughts for assisting reproduction and preventing miscarriage. Methods Totally 100 patients of embryonic development stops were selected randomly (6-10 weeks gestation) to be the investigated group, with other 100 cases of live fetus as the control group. The contents of trace elements in serum were detected with atomic absorption spectrometry. Results The levels of trace elements in embryonic development stops patients were generally lower than the control group. The serum iron in patients with spleen deficiency syndrome, and serum zinc and iron in patients with kidney deficiency syndrome were significant lower (P<0.05). Conclusion The contents of trace elements in serum have relationships with asthenia TCM syndromes in embryonic development stops. It should be paid attention to supplementing trace elements during the gestation period. For patients with deficiency of kidney and spleen, the supplement of zinc and iron should be given greater prominence.

Objective To detect the alternation of the level of CTLA-4 expression in T cells and regulatory T cells, and to study the relationship between CTLA-4 expression in T cells and regulatory T cells and disease progression of HIV infected Chinese. Methods Fifty-eight untreated HIV-1 infected patients were enrolled and the level of CTLA-4 expression in T cells and regulatory T cells were detected by flowcytometry. CD4+T cell numbers, viral load, level of CD95, HLA-DR, CD38 expression on T cells were measured to study the relationship between the level of CTLA-4 expression and disease progression of HIV infected patients. Results We found that the level of CTLA-4 expression in CD4+T cells continuously increased in long term nonprogressors (LTNP), asymptomatic HIV infected patients (HIV) and AIDS patients (P<0.05). The level of CTLA-4 expression in CD4+T cells was significantly correlated with CD4+T cell counts, the frequency of CD8+ CD38+T cells, CD4+CD95+T cells and CD8+CD95+T cells (P<0.05). There had no difference in the level of CTLA-4 expression in CD8+T cells among all groups and neither did we find the relationship between the level of CTLA-4 expression on CD8+ T cells and the CD4 counts, viral load, activation or apoptosis of T cells. The level of CTLA-4 expression in regulatory T cells of LTNP group was significantly lower than that of HIV and AIDS group (P<0.05). The level of CTLA-4 expression in regulatory T cells was significantly correlated with CD4 counts, the frequency of CD4+HLA-DR+T cells and CD8+HLA-DR+T cells (P<0.05). Conclusion The level of CTLA-4 expression in CD4+T cells and regulatory T cells is correlated with disease progression and the level of the activation of immune system of HIV infected Chinese and may play a role in the immune balance in HIV infection.

Adult ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Glycogen ; metabolism ; Glycogen Storage Disease Type II ; pathology ; Humans ; Liver ; metabolism ; pathology ; Muscle, Skeletal ; metabolism ; pathology ; Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle ; pathology ; Pyomyositis ; pathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationships of sex hormone and insulin with various TCM syndrome types of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and their significance.

METHODSLevels of testosterone (T), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin (PRL), estradiol (E2), and insulin (INS) in 120 patients with PCOS were determined respectively, among them, 30 patients were classified by TCM syndrome differentiation as Shen-yin deficiency type (SYiD), 30 as Shen-yang deficiency type (SYaD), 30 as Pi-yang deficiency type (PYD) and 30 as Gan-stagnancy transformed heat type (GSH).

RESULTSIt was shown that T level in SYiD, serum LH and LH/FSH ratio in SYaD, PRL in GSH and INS in PYD patients were higher as compared with those in patients of other three types (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), except for the above-mentioned, the differences in all the paired comparisons of all the indexes between TCM types were insignificant.

CONCLUSIONElevated level of T, LH and LH/FSH ratio, PRL and INS are correlated with the TCM syndrome type of SYiD, SYaD, GSH and PYD in patients with PCOS respectively, and being the clinical characteristics of the corresponding syndromes.

Adult ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; blood ; Humans ; Insulin ; blood ; Luteinizing Hormone ; blood ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ; blood ; diagnosis ; Prolactin ; blood ; Syndrome ; Testosterone ; blood