OBJECTIVEThe aim of the study was to establish a cephalometric normal standard value for Korean in Yanbian China by means of Steiner analysis.

METHODS72 cases of Korean adults in Yanbian with normal occlusion were selected, standard lateral cranial X-ray films were taken and cephalometric Steiner analysis was performed. The data was compared with Korean in Soul of Republic of Korea with normal occlusion.

RESULTS1) Cephalometric Steiner normal standard values, standard deviation and Cheveron analysis chart were established. 2) 1-NB angle of male was significantly bigger than that of female, while GoGn-SN angle of female was significantly bigger than that of male (P<0.05), respectively. 3) There were significant differences on SNA, SNB, ANB, SND, [symbol: see text]-NA (mm),1-NB (except woman) compared with same age group Korean presented by In-Chool Park (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThere is a significantly different between male and female Koreans with normal occlusions in Yanbian China. This experiment filled in the blank of stomatology research in Yanbian Korean autonomous region. In the mean while, it completed and supplemented the normal occlude data of different nations in China. The present paper also provided the reference for clinic and scientific research on orthognathic surgeon. At the same time, the experiment provided the evidence for the further research.

BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication has been widely used. The recurrence rate of H. pylori after eradication and its related factors are gaining more and more attention. Our study aimed to determine the recurrence rate of H. pylori infection after successful eradication, and analyze its influential factors. METHODS: We prospectively studied 1050 patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms who were diagnosed as H. pylori infection by gastroscopy and underwent eradication therapies from April 2013 to January 2014. The C-urea breath test (UBT) or Warthin-Starry (WS) staining was done at 8 to 12 weeks after the therapy. Patients with successful eradication were followed by repeated UBT or gastroscopy at one year and 3 years after therapy, as well as, questionnaire surveys. Recurrence was considered if the UBTs or WS staining of biopsy were positive. One-year and 3-year recurrence rates were calculated, and analyzed the differences between recurred patients and others in basic data, sociological characteristics, lifestyle. RESULTS: A total of 743 patients finished the 1-year follow-up, and the 1-year recurrence rate was 1.75%. Of the 607 patients who finished the 3-year follow-up, 28 patients recurred, and the 3-year recurrence rate was 4.61%. Analysis of variance showed that low-income, poor hygiene condition of dining out place, and receiving invasive diagnoses or treatments were significant risk factors for H. pylori infection recurrence. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the combination of invasive diagnoses or treatments, the level of income, and the hygiene standard of dining out place were significant and independent influential factors of the recurrence of H. pylori. CONCLUSIONS The 1-year and 3-year recurrence rates of H. pylori infection after eradication therapy are 1.75% and 4.61%. Low-income, poor hygiene condition of dining out place, and a combination of invasive diagnoses or treatments are independent risk factors of H. pylori recurrence.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Gastroscopy ; Helicobacter Infections ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; Helicobacter pylori ; pathogenicity ; Humans ; Incidence ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Dysregulation of histone deacetylase expression and enzymatic activity is associated with a number of diseases. It has been reported that protein levels of histone deacetylase (HDAC)1 and HDAC5 increase during human pulmonary hypertension, and that the enzymatic activity of HDAC6 is induced in a chronic hypertensive animal model. This study investigated the protein expression profiles of class I and II a/b HDACs in three systemic hypertension models. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We used three different hypertensive animal models: (i) Wistar-Kyoto rats (n=8) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR; n=8), (ii) mice infused with saline or angiotensin II to induce hypertension, via osmotic mini-pump for 2 weeks, and (iii) mice that were allowed to drink L-N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) to induce hypertension. RESULTS: SHR showed high systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressures. Similar increases in systolic blood pressure were observed in angiotensin II or L-NAME-induced hypertensive mice. In SHR, class IIa HDAC (HDAC4, 5, and 7) and class IIb HDAC (HDAC6 and 10) protein expression were significantly increased. In addition, a HDAC3 protein expression was induced in SHR. However, in L-NAME mice, class IIa HDAC protein levels (HDAC4, 5, 7, and 9) were significantly reduced. HDAC8 protein levels were significantly reduced both in angiotensin II mice and in SHR. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that dysregulation of class I and class II HDAC protein is closely associated with chronic hypertension.
Angiotensin II ; Animals* ; Blood Pressure ; Histone Deacetylases* ; Histones* ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; Mice ; Models, Animal* ; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred SHR

Toxoplasma gondii infection is widespread worldwide, not only posing a serious threat to human food safety and animal husbandry, but also endangering human health. The selectivity index was employed to measure anti-T. gondii activity. Hederagenin (HE) exhibited potent anti-T. gondii activity and low cytotoxicity. For this reason, HE was selected for in vivo experiments. HE showed 64.8%±13.1% inhibition for peritoneal tachyzoites in mice, higher than spiramycin 56.8%±6.0%. Biochemical parameters such as alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, glutathione, and malondialdehyde, illustrated that HE was a good inhibitor of T. gondii in vivo. This compound was also effective in relieving T. gondii-induced liver damage. Collectively, it was demonstrated that HE had potential as an anti-T. gondii agent.

Toxoplasma gondii infection is widespread worldwide, not only posing a serious threat to human food safety and animal husbandry, but also endangering human health. The selectivity index was employed to measure anti-T. gondii activity. Hederagenin (HE) exhibited potent anti-T. gondii activity and low cytotoxicity. For this reason, HE was selected for in vivo experiments. HE showed 64.8%±13.1% inhibition for peritoneal tachyzoites in mice, higher than spiramycin 56.8%±6.0%. Biochemical parameters such as alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, glutathione, and malondialdehyde, illustrated that HE was a good inhibitor of T. gondii in vivo. This compound was also effective in relieving T. gondii-induced liver damage. Collectively, it was demonstrated that HE had potential as an anti-T. gondii agent.

This study was aimed to investigate the relationship of immunophenotypic features with minimal residual disease (MRD) detection and gene types in APL patients. Immunophenotypes were analyzed in 221 newly diagnosed APL patients by using four-color flow cytometry. Among of them, CD123 antibody was examined in 87 patients and the fused gene pml-raralpha were detected by PCR in 196 specimens simultaneously. The results of immunophenotyping demonstrated that the positive percentages of CD123, CD33 and CD9 in newly diagnosed APL patients were 100%, 99.1% and 96.0% respectively, and mean percentages of positive cells in positive patients were all around 90%. Although the positive rates of CD117, CD13, CD38 and CD64 were all above 96%, but the mean percentages of positive cells in different positive patients were diverse and average percentages of positive cells were about 70%. CD15, CD56 and CD11b were expressed in some patients, but CD34 and HLA-DR were rarely expressed in the majority of patients, and average positive percentages were all lower. Among 196 newly diagnosed APL patients, bcr1, bcr2 and bcr3 expressions were 63.3%, 4.6% and 32.1% respectively. The results showed a strong correlation of positive expression of CD34 with bcr3 isoform. When cut-off value was chosen as 20%, the proportions of CD34 positive patients in bcr3 and bcr1 cases were 15.4% (10/65) and 3.3% (4/121) separately, which had a significant difference (p < 0.05). When cut-off value was 10%, bcr3 cases had a significantly higher percentage of CD34 positive, compared with bcr1 cases (p < 0.001), which was 47.7% (31/65) and 5.8% (7/121) respectively. However, there was no statistically significant difference on the other antigens between the two groups. Bcr3 isoform was highly indicated when CD34 was positive and non- large side scatter (NL-SSC) was shown in APL cells. It is concluded that there is a unique characteristics of immunophenotyping, and antigens such as CD123, CD33 and CD9 are more applicable to the detection of MRD in APL patients. The positive expression of CD34 and NL-SSC are associated with bcr3 isoform, and the relationship between gene type and antigen expression can be suggested more accurately when the cut-off value is chosen as 10%.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antigens, CD ; genetics ; Child ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; diagnosis ; genetics ; immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm, Residual ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to confirm the predictive cut-off values for P2Y12 reaction units (PRU) and aspirin reaction units (ARU) and to evaluate the clinical impact of VerifyNow(R) assays. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: From November 2007 to October 2009, 186 eligible patients were prospectively recruited. Post-treatment platelet reactivity was measured by VerifyNow(R) assays within 12 to 24 hours after intervention, followed by standard dual maintenance dose therapy for 1 year. All patients had scheduled clinical follow-ups at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. RESULTS: The rate of low responders to clopidogrel, aspirin, and both drugs were 41.4%, 10.2%, and 3.8%, respectively. The predictive factors for low responsiveness to clopidogrel (PRU > or =240) were female sex, age, and non-use of cilostazol medication in our univariate analysis and age > or =65 years and non-use cilostazol in the multivariate analysis. The predictors of low responsiveness to aspirin (ARU > or =550) were male sex and age in both univariate and multivariate analyses. There was no significant difference in the clinical event rate with a cut-off value of PRU > or =240 or ARU > or =550 for 30 days and 1-year (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Hyporesponsiveness to antiplatelet agents (namely aspirin and clopidogrel) was identified in about half of the patients. The cut-off point of PRU > or =240 or ARU > or =550 did not confer predictive value for 30-day or 1-year clinical event rates in patients who had undergone coronary intervention with drug-eluting stents.
Aspirin ; Blood Platelets ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Drug-Eluting Stents ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Multivariate Analysis ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ; Platelet Function Tests ; Prospective Studies ; Stents ; Tetrazoles ; Ticlopidine

This study was purpose to investigate the biological characteristics of B lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) between CD34 positive CD38 positive (CD34(+)CD38(+)) and CD34(+)CD38(low/-) subgroups and their clinical significance. Immunophenotyping of B cells in bone marrow of 54 patients with newly diagnosed CD34(+)B-ALL were analyzed by 4 color multiparametric flow cytometry (FCM). According to the different expression of CD38, the newly diagnosed patients with B-ALL were divided into two groups: CD34(+)CD38(+) subgroup and CD34(+)CD38(low/-) subgroup. BCR-ABL, TEL-AML1 fusion genes and WT1 gene were detected by real time RT-PCR simultaneously. After chemotherapy, minimal residual disease (MRD) was monitored by one tube of 7 color FCM. The average follow-up time was 12 months (range 1 - 28), the average follow-up interval was 2 months (range 1 - 5). The results showed that there was no significant differences such as WBC, Plt count and Hb level between the two groups at diagnosis, the positive rate of BCR-ABL, TEL-AML1 and WT1 gene was also no significantly different. After clinical complete remission (CR), MRD positive (MDR(+)) case rates were 28.57% (10/35) in CD34(+)CD38(+) subgroup and 68.42% (13/19) in CD34(+)CD38(low/-) subgroup (P < 0.01). The relapse rate between the two groups was 5.71% (2/35) in CD34(+)CD38(+) subgroup (relapse time at 94 and 245 d respectively) and 36.84% (7/19) in CD34(+)CD38(low/-) group [median relapse time was 263 d (range 46 - 468), P < 0.01]. The age distribution was analyzed in these two subgroups (> 16 or ≤ 16 years old), there was 8 (8/35) adult patients (> 16 years old) in CD34(+)CD38(+)group and 10 (10/19) adult patients in CD34(+)CD38(low/-) group (P < 0.05). It is concluded that CD34(+)CD38(low/-) phenotype is more often presented in adult patients and the CD34(+)CD38(low/-) patients with B-ALL are more likely to have MRD(+)and relapse after treatment.
ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1 ; immunology ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Antigens, CD34 ; immunology ; Bone Marrow ; immunology ; Bone Marrow Cells ; immunology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Infant ; Leukemia, B-Cell ; immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm, Residual ; immunology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETesticular mixed nonseminomatous germ cell cancer (TMNGCC) is rarely reported. This study aimed to explore the clinical symptoms, pathological characteristics and treatment methods of TMNGCC.

METHODSWe analyzed the clinical data of 1 case of TMNGCC, observed its pathological characteristics under the light microscope by histology, cytochemistry, immunohistochemistry and immune marking, and investigated the clinical features of such tumors by reviewing the relevant literature.

RESULTSThe patient presented with a chief complaint of painless testicular swelling for 3 years. Histopathological examinations revealed a tumor of papillary, fissural or adenoid structure, with large polygonal or columnar cells with one or more irregular vesicular nuclei, the nuclear membrane clear, the cytoplasm eosinophilic or basophilic, and the interstitium infiltrated by a few lymphocytes. Here are the immunohistochemical results: CD117 -, CK8-18 + +, CD30 + +, CK + + +, vimentin -, PLAP +/-, P53 +, AFP + and EMA + +. The tumor was pathologically diagnosed as teratogenic embryonic testicular cancer, and treated by radical surgery, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy according to the treatment of TMNGCC. One-year follow-up found the patient to be alive.

CONCLUSIONTMNGCC is a rare malignant tumor, mostly with unobvious clinical symptoms. Its diagnosis primarily depends on physical examination, ultrasonography, CT, and measurement of serum tumor markers; its confirmation necessitates pathological examination, and its first-choice treatment is surgical resection.

Objective To explore the setup error and area registration error during lung cancer radiotherapy by using the on board imager (OBI) of the linear accelerator. Methods Totally 50 lung cancer patients underwent image-guided radiation therapy. Then OBI system was used for the scan validation by electronic portal imaging device (EPID) and cone beam CT (CBCT), and comparative analysis was executed on the setup errors of EPID and CBCT. Results The translation errors of EPID were (-1.62 ±1.58), (2.12 ±1.49) and (4.52 ±2.42)mm respectively at Lat, Vrt and Lng directions, while those of CBCT were (-1.27±1.25), (1.43±1.57) and (3.12±2.62) mm respectively. The registration errors at Lat, Vrt and Lng directions and rotation angle of lung tissue were (-1.27±1.25), (1.43±1.57), (3.12±2.62)mm and (0.5±1.6)° respectively, and those of target area were (-1.56±1.78), (1.68±2.39), (3.42±2.73)mm and (0.8±1.9)° respectively. CBCT and EPID had statistical differences (P<0.05) in setup error validation as well as setup errors at Vrt and Lng directions. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) when CBCT self-registration was involved in selecting different areas. Conclusion CBCT and EPID can both used for the setup validation of lung cancer, while the former behaved better than the latter.