Objective:To evaluate the feasibility of integrating 3D photos and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)images and to assess the degree of error that may occur during the above process,and to analyze soft and hard tissue changes after orthognathic surgery using this new method.Methods:Ten patients with maxillofacial deformities were chosen.For each patient,CBCT scans and stereophotographic images were taken before and 3 months after surgery.3D photos were superimposed onto the CBCT skin im-ages using relatively immobile areas of the face as a reference.3D color maps and mean distances were used to evaluate the errors that might occur during the process.Two reference planes were set up using cer-tain points.The distances between Prn (pronasale),Sn (subnasale),Ls (labrale superior),ANS (anterior nasal spine),A (subspinale),UIE (upper incisor edge)to the coronal plane were calculated before and af-ter surgery.In order to verify the repeatability of this method,we examined the distances twice at two-week intervals.Paired t test was used to evaluate the reproducibility.Results:CBCT and 3D photos could be successfully fused with clinically acceptable errors.This new method could be used to evaluate soft and hard tissue changes after orthognathic surgery.The 3D color maps showed that the two images could be fused with minimal errors.The mean distances were within 0.3 mm,and the locations of landmarks on maxilla and mandible such as Ls,ANS,A,UIE changed significantly after orthognathic surgery (P <0.05). Landmarks on the nose such as Prn,Sn had little changes after surgery (P >0.1 ).The paired t test showed that the mean value and standard deviation were (0.08 ±0.98)mm.Conclusion:Fusing of CBCT and 3D stereophotographic images used as a new method in evaluating soft and hard tissue changes after orthognathic surgery was feasible and accurate.The virtual 3D composite craniofacial models permitted concurrent assess-ment of hard and soft tissues during diagnosis and treatment planning.Maxillary and mandibular locations had significant association with orthoganthic surgery while the nasal tissue was not simp affected by surgery.

To evaluate the efficacy of a variety of lacrimal duct obstruction diseases treated by Nd: YAG laser lacrimal duct forming surgery using Meta analysis.
●METHODS: Relevant database in 1995 - 2012 and other network resources were retrieved by computer and manual, using MetaAnalyst software on the Meta analysis. Analysis of indicators: disease prevalence between men and women, the prevalence of various lacrimal duct diseases and the effective rate of Nd: YAG laser lacrimal duct forming surgery to treat a variety of lacrimal duct obstruction diseases.
●RESULTS: According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 38 subjects were selected, the cumulative number of patients included 4638 cases, the men combined prevalence was 23%; the women combined prevalence was 77%; lacrimal punctum occlusion combined prevalence was 6. 0%, combined treatment efficiency was 88. 1%; lacrimal canaliculus obstruction combined prevalence of 17. 9%, combined efficiency was 85. 6%;lacrimal common canaliculus obstruction combined prevalence was 14. 0%, 92. 7% of the combined effective rate; nasolacrimal duct obstruction combined prevalence of was 43. 6%, 93. 3% of the combined effective rate;chronic dacryocystitis combined prevalence was 18. 4%, 76. 6% of the combined efficiency. All study has heterogeneity. Selection of random effects model combined effect size. Model was statistically significant (P<0. 001).
●CONCLUSlON: The prevalence of lacrimal duct obstruction diseases of women are higher than men, lacrimal canaliculus obstruction in the lacrimal duct obstruction is in the lowest prevalence, nasolacrimal duct obstruction is the main type of lacrimal duct obstruction disease, Nd: YAG laser lacrimal forming surgery has slightly efficacy different in various lacrimal duct obstruction diseases.

A review of cell traction forces (CTFs) measurement based on Biological MiCro Electromechanical Systems (BioMEMS) microposts matrix is presented.CTFs are exerted by cells and ansmitted to the underly-ing substrate through focal adhesions and close contacts.which is essential for cells movement.Cells probe the mechanicaI compliance of the exlracellular mabix (ECM) in part by locally deforming it with nanonewton-scale traction forces.Precision measurement of CTFs is significant for many researches such as call biology and tissue engineering and so on.Enabled by the advancement in BioMEMS technology,surface treated high aspeect ratio Polydimethyisiloxane(PDMS)micropos matrix devices,which serve as BioMEMS sensom for de-tecting cellular nanoforces and studying in vitro cell mechanics,have been developed.Closely spaced vartical microposts matrixes were designed to encourage cells to attach and spread across multiple microposts,and to bend the microposts like vertical cantilevers as the cells locomote on the surface.Using this dense and dis-crete matrix of microposts rather than a convanfional continuous substrate,CTFs can be directly measured and quantified by processing the microscopy images of the deformations of microposts.The resolution of the force was in tens of nN/μm scale.At first,the conventional CTFs measurement methods were concisely summa-rized.Then BioMEMS microposts matrix method was described in detail,including principle and fabfication process,Surface treatment and cell expedment results.Furthermore,high aspect ratio structure collapse prob-lem was investigated.

A review of cell traction forces (CTFs) measurement based on Biological MiCro Electromechanical Systems (BioMEMS) microposts matrix is presented.CTFs are exerted by cells and ansmitted to the underly-ing substrate through focal adhesions and close contacts.which is essential for cells movement.Cells probe the mechanicaI compliance of the exlracellular mabix (ECM) in part by locally deforming it with nanonewton-scale traction forces.Precision measurement of CTFs is significant for many researches such as call biology and tissue engineering and so on.Enabled by the advancement in BioMEMS technology,surface treated high aspeect ratio Polydimethyisiloxane(PDMS)micropos matrix devices,which serve as BioMEMS sensom for de-tecting cellular nanoforces and studying in vitro cell mechanics,have been developed.Closely spaced vartical microposts matrixes were designed to encourage cells to attach and spread across multiple microposts,and to bend the microposts like vertical cantilevers as the cells locomote on the surface.Using this dense and dis-crete matrix of microposts rather than a convanfional continuous substrate,CTFs can be directly measured and quantified by processing the microscopy images of the deformations of microposts.The resolution of the force was in tens of nN/μm scale.At first,the conventional CTFs measurement methods were concisely summa-rized.Then BioMEMS microposts matrix method was described in detail,including principle and fabfication process,Surface treatment and cell expedment results.Furthermore,high aspect ratio structure collapse prob-lem was investigated.

Nowadays the role of genetic findings in determining the diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has become more valuable. To improve and validate the detection of clonal chromosomal aberrations in leukemia, we designed a combined application of karyotyping with multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and addressed the expression and distribution of fusion genes among the subtypes of Chinese adult patients with de novo AML. Multiplex RT-PCR assays were performed on 477 samples from newly diagnosed AML patients, and cytogenetic data were obtained from 373 of them by R or G banding techniques and those in some cases were confirmed by FISH. The PCR products in some suspected cases were tested by two-directional sequencing. The results showed that except unqualified samples, fusion genes were detected by multiplex RT-PCR in 211 of 474 patients (44.51%), including AML1-ETO, CBFβ-MYH11, PML-RARα, PLZF-RARα, NPM-RARα, MLL rearrangements, BCR-ABL, DEK-CAN, SET-CAN, TEL-PDGFR, TLS-ERG, AML1-MDS1 (EVI-1). In 373 patients, who took both multiplex RT-PCR and karyotype analysis, the detection rate of chromosomal aberrations by using multiplex RT-PCR and karyotyping was 160/373 (42.89%) and 179/373 (47.98%) respectively, and the combination could optimize the detection rate of clonal genetic abnormalities to 216/373 (57.90%). The PCR results from 11 cases "normal" in karyotyping but abnormal in RT-PCR for MLL rearrangements were confirmed by two-directional sequencing. It is concluded that karyotype studies remain the cornerstone for genetic testing; conventional cytogenetics and molecular-based methods are complementary tests for the detection of clonal genetic aberrations in AML, especially for the cryptic or submicroscopic aberrations. Once a genetic marker has been identified by combined analysis, it could be used to monitor residual disease during/after chemotherapy, by quantitative RT-PCR and/or FISH.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MS) and benign prostatic hyperplasia ( BPH ) in men over 50 years old.Methods Male participants over 50 years old form a community in Beijing were randomly selected.Age,blood pressure,past history,and the international prostate symptom score (IPSS) were recorded.Plasma glucose,triglyceride,high density lipoprotein,prostate specific antigen (PSA),prostatic volume,and Qmax were measured.The morbidity and severity of BPH were compared with statistical analysis.ResultsFour hundred and forty men were enrolled,and were divided into 2 groups:MS group (n =105) and non-MS group (n =335).Compared to the non-MS,non-obesity,and non-hyperlipidemia group respectively,the morbidity of BPH was higher in MS,obesity and hyperlipidemia group (33.3％ vs.11.9％,P ＜ 0.05 ; 20.4％ vs.11.8％,P ＜ 0.05 ; 25.0％ vs.14.1％,P =0.007).The morbidity of moderate and severe LUTS in MS group was higher than non-MS group (61.9％ vs.31.3％,P ＜ 0.05).Significant differences were found in IPSS,prostate volume and PSA between the MS and non-MS groups ( P ＜ 0.05 ),but not found in Qmax ( P =0.069).Obesity,hyperlipemia and diabetes mellitus were risk factors of BPH (OR 1.75,95％ CI 1.40 -21.82,P =0.041 ; OR 3.36,95％ CI 2.34-48.13,P=0.037; OR 2.08,95％ CI 1.32-13.67,P=0.045). Conclusions There is higher morbidity of BPH in MS patient.MS could increase IPSS and prostate volume,and reduce PSA in BPH patient.Obesity,hyperlipemia and diabetes mellitus are risk factors of BPH.MS should be considered when treating BPH.

OBJECTIVETo summarize the methods and experiences in surgical treatment of hemifacial microsomia.

METHODSFifty-eight cases of hemifacial microsomia that have been treated by plastic and reconstructive surgery and followed-up in our department during last 20 years have been reviewed. Every patient's characteristic was assessed by physical examination, photography, craniofacial cephalometry before planned the method of surgery. Different surgical treatments were chosen according to the side and the structures involved in the abnormalities and the severity of hemifacial microsomia, and the cases were followed up since 3 months after the treatments. The follow-up lean of midline of the lower 1/3 face with that before treatment is compared. The degrees of patients' and surgeons' satisfactions with the treatments were evaluated respectively.

RESULTSThe average angle of lean of midline of skeletal and soft tissue of the lower 1/3 face decreased 4.2 degrees and 2.9 degrees respectively after treatment. Fifty (82.6%) cases satisfied with the outcome of the surgical treatment and surgeons satisfied with 84.5% of the outcome of all the cases.

CONCLUSIONSIndividual surgical treatment based on the side and the structures involved in the abnormalities can effectively correct facial asymmetry of hemifacial microsomia.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Facial Asymmetry ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Orthopedic Procedures ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo establish the quantitative diagnostic criteria for cranio-orbito-zygomatic deformity (COZD).

METHODSComputer-assisted three-dimensional (3-D) CT measurement was performed in 30 cases with unilateral COZD. The differences of the measurement data between the affected and unaffected sides were analyzed. Then the patients were diagnosed and classified according to the affected bone, soft tissue and conjunctival sac. Based on the quantitative diagnosis, 8 patients underwent surgery to test the clinical practicability of the diagnostic criteria.

RESULTSThe quantitative diagnostic criteria for COZD could reflect the affected area and the corresponding severity of deformity. It helped to preoperative design and to predict movement of osteotomy segment and. the soft tissue volume needed for augmentation. Good postoperative results were achieved.

CONCLUSIONSThe quantitative diagnostic criteria for COZD can describe the affect area and severity of deformity in detail. It is very practical in the guidance of clinical treatment.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Bone Diseases, Developmental ; diagnostic imaging ; Child ; Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted ; standards ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Male ; Orbit ; abnormalities ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods ; Young Adult ; Zygoma ; abnormalities

AIMTo study the chromatographic behavior of cetirizine dihydrochloride on the proteinate- and amylose- based chiral stationary phases so as to optimizate the chromatographic condition of its enantiomers separation.

METHODSWhen using amylose-based, alpha1-acid glycoprotein and ovomucoid protein chiral stationary phase, the mobile phase was hexane-isopropyl alcohol-alcohol-trifluoroacetic acid (430:45:25:1), acetonitrile-10 mmol x L(-1) phosphate buffer solution (adjusted to pH 7.0 with sodium hydroxide) (4:96) and acetonitrile-20 mmol x L(-1) KH, PO4 solution (adjusted to pH 7.0 with triethylamine) (12.7:87.3), respectively. The temperature of proteinate column was 25 degrees C. The detective wavelength was 230 nm.

RESULTSThe two enantiomers could be separated on the two kinds of chiral stationary phases without derivatization and the resolution was above 2.0. The methods developed on the two kinds of chiral stationary phases are accurate, sensitive and specific.

CONCLUSIONBoth the proteinate- and amylose-based chiral stationary phases can be used to separate the enantiomers of cetirizine.

Amylose ; analogs & derivatives ; Cetirizine ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Histamine H1 Antagonists, Non-Sedating ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Orosomucoid ; Stereoisomerism

OBJECTIVETo know and find some evidence for the improvement of the urologic and reproductive health of men between 30 and 60 years old.

METHODSUsing stratified random sampling, we conducted a questionnaire investigation on the urologic and reproductive health status of 1 006 men aged from 30 to 60 years old in the Shijingshan District of Beijing, including the unemployed, taxi drivers and office workers.

RESULTSOf the 1006 males investigated, BMI > or = 24 kg/m2 was found in 72.7%, hypertension in 40.0%, abnormal IPSS in 85.5%, abnormal NIH-CPSI in 75.6%, abnormal IIEF-5 in 66.3%, aging male symptoms (AMS) in 10.7%, anxiety in 17.1%, depression in 25.1%, fasting blood-glucose >6.1 mmol/L in 34.9%, total cholesterol >5.07 mmol/L in 44.3% and triglyceride > 1.71 mmol/L in 46.6%; the level of total testosterone was (17.9 +/- 7.2) nmol/L, < 12 nmol/L in 21.3% and <8 nmol/L in 3.4%, and the level of free testosterone was (6.5 +/- 15.1) pmol/L.

CONCLUSIONThe urologic and reproductive health status of 30 to 60 years old males in Beijing deserves serious attention from medical workers.

Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Health Status ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reproductive Health ; statistics & numerical data ; Surveys and Questionnaires