Objective To investigate the pathogen-related genes of atmospheric polluting disease so as to clarify the biology mechanism and provide the scientific basis.Methods By using the technique of dot blot hybridization,we analyzed genes’differential expression with cloning by exposure to ≥75 μg/m3 PM2.5 in heating season and < 75 μg/m3 PM2.5 in un-heating season in WI-38 human embryo lung cells.The levels of cytokines TNF-α,IL-2, IL-6 and IL-8 were determined by radio immunity assay. Results After 24h of treatment, compared with control group,more than 100μg/mL PM2.5 significantly increased TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-8 levels,and decreased IL-2 in WI-38 human embryo lung cells (P < 0.05 ).The clear stripe was found in 350 bp in 48 gene samples with segment with differential expression of genes exposed to different concentrations of PM2.5 in WI-38 human embryo lung cells.Through the dot blot hybridization,black brown spots were found in 41 samples in Tester cDNA hybridization,and no similar spots were found in all of the same samples in Driver cDNA hybridization. Conclusion PM2.5 exposure may induce the inflammatory damage of WI-38 human embryo lung cells.Obvious genetic damage was observed in those cells exposed to ≥75 μg/m3 PM2.5 in heating season.

OBJECTIVEThe present study was undertaken to design antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (AS-ODNs) of glial glutamate transporter-la (GLT-1a) and to evaluate the effectiveness of the designed AS-ODNs on the expression of GLT-1a.

METHODSFive sequences of GLT-1a AS-ODNs were designed according to the C terminus specific sequences of GLT-1a mRNA using antisense design software of IDT Com- pany. Western blot analysis was used to evaluate the inhibition effects of the five GLT-1a AS-ODNs on the expression of GLT-la.

RESULTSThe sequence of GLT-1a AS-ODNs with sequence of 5'-GGTTCTTCCTCAACACTGCA-3' could specifically inhibit the expression of GLT-1a in the hippocampal CA1 subfield of rats, while it had no effect on the expression of GLT-1b. This sequence showed similar inhibition on the expression of GLT-la in sham and ceftriaxone (Cef)-treated rats. It could also significantly inhibit the cerebral ischemic preconditioning (CIP)-induced up-regulation in the expression of GLT-1a. The magnitude of the inhibition in sham, Cef- or CIP-treated rats was similar by more than 60%.

CONCLUSIONFrom the designed five sequences of GLT-1a AS-ODNs, we obtained an effective sequence which can specifically inhibit the expression of GLT-1a.

Animals ; CA1 Region, Hippocampal ; metabolism ; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2 ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Ischemic Preconditioning ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; Rats ; Up-Regulation

Apoptosis of PK-15 cells induced by Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV) in vitro was reported in this paper. Typical cell apoptosis was detected by use of Hoechst 33258 fluorescence probe, agarose gel electrophoresis and in situ end-labeling (TUNEL). After PK-15 cells were infected by titration of 4.8 lg TCID50/mL FMDV for 32 h, apoptosis characteristics of nuclear condensation, fragmentation, accompanied by apoptotic bodies formation (Hoechst 33258 staining), 180-200 integer-fold sized pieces DNA Ladders (agarose gel electrophoresis) and strong green fluorescence dots (TUNEL) were all exhibited, and cell apoptosis was approximately 20%. In addition, the quantitative analysis of apoptosis in PK-15 cells induced by FMDV showed that apoptosis was correlated with infection of virus, and it was also time-dependent. Results indicate that FMDV can induce apoptosis of host cells and apoptosis plays an important role in the cytopathogencity effect of FMDV.

Objective To determine the role of human serum albumin therapy in the post-operative management of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated with cirrhosis.Methods Between January 2011 and December 2012,we treated 171 consecutive cirrhotic patients with HCC.88 patients were treated with 5％ human serum albumin for 48 hours followed by 20％ human serum albumin in the post-operative period (the observer group) ; 81 patients were only treated with 20％ human serum albumin during the same time duration (the control group).The prognosis,complications,average amount of human serum albumin and plasma used as well as the in-hospital stay were observed.Results There were no deaths or major complications in either of these 2 groups.After treatment,the observer group was lower than the control group in the amount of intravenous fluid infused,the volume of peritoneal drainage,the amount of human serum albumin and plasma used as well as the mean post-operative hospitalization days (P ＜ 0.05).At the same time,the daily urine output,the central venous pressure and the mean arterial pressure within 48 hours after surgery were higher in the observer group than the control group.Furthermore the observer group had a smoother post-operative recovery in liver function,and the difference was significant between the two groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Not only did treatment with 5 ％ and 20％ human serum albumin gave the advantages of a more stable blood circulation,better organ perfusion and improved liver function recovery but it also reduced the amount of consumption of human serum albumin and plasma and shortened the hospital stay.

Objective:To investigate the effectiveness and safety of manual acupuncture for memory loss and sleep quality in chronic insomniacs.Methods:A total of 60 eligible participants were enrolled and randomized into either a treatment group or a control group,with 30 cases in each group.The treatment group was intervened by manual acupuncture whereas the control group was given sham acupuncture.In the two groups,the interventions were offered once every other day and three times a week,for 8 weeks in total.Before and after the treatment,Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and eventrelated potentials (ERPs) were used to assess the patients' sleep quality and memory,respectively.Meanwhile,adverse events were monitored and recorded.Results:After 8-week treatment,both the treatment group and the control group showed a significant decrease in the PSQI global score (P＜0.001,P＜0.01),and the decrease in the treatment group was more significant than that in the control group (P＜0.001).The intra-group comparisons of ERPs indicated that,the latencies of N1 and P3 were shortened and the amplitudes of N1 and P3 were increased in the treatment group after the intervention,and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05,P＜0.001);in the control group,there were no significant changes in the latency and amplitude after the treatment (P＞0.05).The between-group comparisons of ERPs showed that the treatment group was more effective than the control group in shortening the latency of P3 (P＜0.01).Conclusion:Acupuncture can be a safe and effective treatment option for chronic insomnia coupled with memory impairment.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and feasibility of hybrid thoracoscopic surgery and catheter ablation in treating the patients of long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) with preliminary experience. Methods: A total of 15 consecutive relevant patients treated in our hospital by hybrid thoracoscopic surgery and catheter ablation from 2014-04 to 2016-03 were studied. The average AF time was (4.0±3.9) years including 13 male. All patients received thoracoscopic surgical ablation including pulmonary vein isolation, left atrial (LA) posterior wall isolation, Waterston's groove Ganglionated plexi ablation by bipolar radiofrequency ablation clamp and LA appendage removal, Marshall ligament dividing. Then establishing LA 3D-modeling, based on LA 3D voltage mapping, catheter ablation was conducted to reinforce surgical ablation or modification in order to confirm bidirectional blocking. Meanwhile, LA ridge and mitral isthmus ablation was performed, some patients received LA anterior wall and tricuspid isthmus ablation. The patients were followed-up at 3, 6 and 12 months after the procedure. Results: 13 patients were restored to sinus rhythm after the procedure and no operative complications occurred. The average follow-up time was (12.1±11.5) months. 2 patients with recovered sinus rhythm had re-catheter ablation since atrial flutter at 3 months post-procedure and sinus rhythm was restored. The overall success rate was 86.7% (13/15), no patient had anti-arrhgthmia medication. Conclusion: Hybrid thoracoscopic ablation and catheter ablation have been a minimally invasive, safe and effective method in treating the patients of long-standing persistent AF.

OBJECTIVEThe inactivating mutation of thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) gene results in partial or complete insensitivity of thyrotropin (TSH) and dysfunction of the TSH-TSHR-cAMP cascade. Therefore, it may cause congenital hypothyroidism (CH). Depending on the degree of impairment of TSHR function, patients can present with subclinical hypothyroidism at one extreme of the spectrum, or severe hypothyroidism at the other. This study aimed to understand the relation between inactivating mutations of TSHR gene and Chinese children with CH.

METHODS(1) Seventy-nine Chinese children with CH, including 14 subclinical hypothyroidism patients (8 boys and 6 girls, age 1 - 5.5 years) and 65 hypothyroidism patients (27 boys and 38 girls, age 1.5 - 6 years) were enrolled in this study. Meanwhile, 100 normal children were enrolled as control, 40 were male and 60 were female. The age of the normal children were at a range of 1 - 8 years. (2) Total genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes of the 79 patients and 100 normal subjects. Exons 1 - 10 of TSHR gene were individually amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and mutations were detected by direct sequencing.

RESULTS(1) A compound heterozygous missense mutations (Pro52Thr/Val689Gly) and a heterozygous missense mutation (Gly245Ser) were detected in 79 patients. The mutations of Pro52Thr and Gly245Ser were located within the extracellular domain of TSHR, while Val689Gly was located within the intracellular domain of TSHR. In 30 patients the normal cytosine at position 2181 in exon 10 was replaced by a guanine (GAC-->GAG), resulting in the replacement of Glu(727) by Asp. In 47 patients, the normal thymidine at position 561 in exon 7 was replaced by a cytosine (AAT-->AAC). This substitution did not change the amino acid (Asn) at position 187. (2) In 33 normal children the normal cytosine at position 2181 in exon 10 was also replaced by a guanine (GAC-->GAG) and in 50 normal children the normal thymidine at position 561 in exon 7 was replaced by a cytosine (AAT-->AAC).

CONCLUSIONSThree heterozygous missense mutations (Pro52Thr, Gly245Ser, Val689Gly) of TSHR gene were firstly detected in Chinese children with CH. There was a polymorphism in exon 10 at nucleotide 2181 (GAC-->GAG) and in exon 7 at nucleotide 561 (AAT-->AAC) in TSHR gene. The inactivating mutation of TSHR gene is an infrequent pathogeny for CH.

Amino Acid Substitution ; genetics ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Child ; Congenital Hypothyroidism ; genetics ; DNA ; analysis ; Exons ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Silencing ; Genes, gag ; genetics ; Humans ; Hypothyroidism ; genetics ; Male ; Mutation ; Mutation, Missense ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; genetics ; Receptors, Thyrotropin ; metabolism ; Thyrotropin ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the antitumor activity of a novel class of 4, 8-Disubstituted-8, 9-dihydropyrazine[2, 3-g]quinazoline-7(6H)-ketones in vitro, and to screen potential anticancer compounds for further study.

METHODSSeventeen compounds of 4, 8-Disubstituted-8, 9-dihydropyrazine[2, 3-g]quinazoline-7(6H)-ketones were synthesized with solid-phase method for biological evaluation of EGFR tyrosine kinase. MTT method was used to evaluate the cytotoxic activity in vitro against three human cancer cell lines (human lung carcinoma cell line A549, human leukemia cell lines K562 and human gastric carcinoma cell line SGC7901).

RESULTSCompound 7-13 and 7-14 showed potent antitumor activities against A549 cells, with IC(50) values of 8.10 and 8.12 mol/L, respectively. Eight compounds showed proliferative inhibition effect on K562 cells, especially 7-2, 7-13 and 7-17, with IC(50) values of 2.22,0.57 and 7.20 mol/L,respectively.And compound 7-13 and 7-3 showed potent antitumor activity against SGC7901 cells, with IC(50) values of 4.20 and 9.71 mol/L, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe synthesized compounds 4, 8-Disubstituted-8, 9-dihydropyrazine[2, 3-g] quinazoline-7(6H)-ketones show inhibition effects on human cancer cell lines in vitro. Compound 7-13 has anticancer activity in all three cancer cell lines, which might be used as a potential antitumor drug for further study.

Antineoplastic Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Lung Neoplasms ; pathology ; Molecular Structure ; Pyrazines ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Quinazolines ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology ; Structure-Activity Relationship

BACKGROUND: Because of scaphoid irregular shape and the wrist joint and adjacent bones overlap, so the diagnosis and treatment of scaphoid fracture and treatment became so difficult. Which imaging methods hold highest diagnosis rate, and which kind of surgical approaches with less impact on fracture healing are still under discussion.OBJECTIVE: To review the imaging examinations of scaphoid fracture and the research advance in surgical approaches.METHODS: The first author retrieved CJFD and PubMed databases for the literature addressing the imaging examinations and surgical approaches of scaphoid fracture published from 2005 to 2015 with the keywords of "scaphodl bone, fracture, iconography, surgical approach" in Chinese and English, respectively. The old and repetitive articles were excluded, totally 3021 articles were retrieved. In accordance with inclusion and exclusion criteria, finally 24 eligible articles were included for result analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The wrist joint at positions of pronation 60°, supination 45°, oblique and lateral can reveal the scaphoid from different angles on X-ray, which improves the diagnosis rate. At present, CT is the most reliable method, but there is a lack of quantization parameter for evaluating scaphoid fracture, especially for occult fracture. MRI can completely show the structure of scaphoid, even blood supply. Bone scintigraphy possesses a higher diagnosis rate than X-ray and CT examinations. (2) The surgical approaches of scaphoid fracture include volar, dorsal, radiocarpa approaches, but none is ideal. (3) The ideal surgical approach still needs a in-depth study, which can well reveal the scaphoid, achieve good reduction, reduce the damage to the remaining blood supply, confirm the position of scaphoid benifical for internal fixator implantation, and can be minimally invasive and easy to operate.

To compare the distribution characteristics of common syndrome types and syndrome elements of menopause syndrome in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women on the basis of standardized syndrome differentiation extracted by experts' experiences.