Objective To explore the regulation of berberine on the expressions of CDK4 and cyclin D1 in the neurons after the focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion and the potential protective mechanism of berberine to neurons. Methods Fifty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into berberine-treated group (n=15), normal control group (n=5), sham-operated group (n=15) and vehicle-treated group (n=15). The model of focal cerebral ischemia was constructed using middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) method. At 1, 3, 5 d after 1 hour ofischemia, the expressions and distributions of Bcl-2, cyclin D1 and CDK4 in each group were detected by immunohistochemistry, and morphological changes of brain were observed by HE staining. Results HE staining showed that in the berberine-treated group, the number of neurons was decreased less than that in vehicle-treated group at reperfusion 3 and 5 d. For the result of immunohistochemistry for Bcl-2 positive neurons, there was no obvious difference between berberine-treated group and vehicle-treated group at reperfusion 1 d (P>0.05),however, the number of the Bcl-2 positive cells in berberine-treated group at reperfusion 3 and 5 was significantly increased (P<0.01), and the numbers of cyclin D 1 and CDK4 positive cells were decreased as compared with those in the vehicle-treated group. Conclusions In the rat focal ischemia model,berberine can inhibit the neural expressions of cyclin D1 and CDK4 in the penumbra, that indicates berberine may have the potential of neural protection. The possible mechanism is that berberine can decrease the neural expression ofcyclin D1 and prevent it from entering the nucleus, thereby blocking the cascade reaction and suppressing the apoptosis mediated by cyclin D1.

Objective: Patients with a history of ischemic stroke are at risk for a second ischemic stroke. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between carotid plaque enhancement on perfluorobutane microbubble contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) and future recurrent stroke, and to determine whether plaque enhancement can contribute to risk assessment for recurrent stroke compared with the Essen Stroke Risk Score (ESRS). Materials and Methods: This prospective study screened 151 patients with recent ischemic stroke and carotid atherosclerotic plaques at our hospital between August 2020 and December 2020. A total of 149 eligible patients underwent carotid CEUS, and 130 patients who were followed up for 15–27 months or until stroke recurrence were analyzed. Plaque enhancement on CEUS was investigated as a possible risk factor for stroke recurrence and as a possible adjunct to ESRS. Results: During follow-up, 25 patients (19.2%) experienced recurrent stroke. Patients with plaque enhancement on CEUS had an increased risk of stroke recurrence events (22/73, 30.1%) compared to those without plaque enhancement (3/57, 5.3%), with an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 38.264 (95% confidence interval [CI]:14.975–97.767; P < 0.001) according to a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model analysis, indicating that the presence of carotid plaque enhancement was a significant independent predictor of recurrent stroke. When plaque enhancement was added to the ESRS, the HR for stroke recurrence in the high-risk group compared to that in the low-risk group (2.188; 95% CI, 0.025–3.388) was greater than that of the ESRS alone (1.706; 95% CI, 0.810–9.014). A net of 32.0% of the recurrence group was reclassified upward appropriately by the addition of plaque enhancement to the ESRS. Conclusion Carotid plaque enhancement was a significant and independent predictor of stroke recurrence in patients with ischemic stroke. Furthermore, the addition of plaque enhancement improved the risk stratification capability of the ESRS.

BACKGROUNDDespite extensive research, the mechanism of immature dendritic cells (DCs) induced immune hyporesponsiveness remains incompletely understood.

METHODSRecipient DCs from C3H mouse bone marrow cells were incubated with donor antigen from splenic lymphocytes of C57BL/6 mouse; these DCs were transfected with CD80/86 specific siRNA using lentiviral vectors. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate expression of CD80/86 on the antigen-pulsed recipient DCs. Immune regulatory activity was examined by mixed lymphocyte reaction, in which irradiated DCs were cultured with C3H spleen T cells. After the reaction, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-10, and interferon (INF)-γ levels of mixed lymphocyte reaction culture supernatant were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The apoptotic T lymphocytes were identified by Annexin V and CD3 staining.

RESULTSThere was a significant inhibition of CD80/86 expression in DCs transfected with CD80/86 lentiviral vectors compared with the control groups (P < 0.05), indicating the specificity of RNA interference. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results showed a significant reduction of INF-γ, IL-2 and IL-10 in the CD80/86 lentivirus transfected group compared to the control groups (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in IL-4 levels between the groups (P > 0.05). We also showed that CD80/86 low DCs loaded with alloantigen (1) stimulated low T cell proliferative responses via the indirect recognition pathway and (2) enhanced apoptotic activity (P < 0.05) in co-cultured T cells.

CONCLUSIONSLentiviral vector transfection can effectively and specifically knock down target genes in DCs. The CD80/86 low DCs may show tolerogenic activity via induction of T-cell apoptosis, thereby modulating the activity of recipient-derived DCs. The use of this approach may potentially be clinically applicable.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; B7-1 Antigen ; genetics ; physiology ; B7-2 Antigen ; genetics ; physiology ; Dendritic Cells ; immunology ; Lentivirus ; genetics ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; RNA Interference ; T-Lymphocytes ; cytology ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate a method to partially remove gastrocnemius for improvement of the contour of the leg.

METHODSThirteen patients with bulked calf were undergoing the treatment. With a self-designed apparatus, the gastrocnemius was partially removed by placing the device in the muscle through an incision in the popliteal fossa. The follow-ups were carried out for 1-6 months.

RESULTSThirteen patients were successfully treated by above mentioned technique. The removed amount of muscle was weighted between 11 g and 201 g, averaged 77 g. All of the patients could be able to walk three days after the operation. But, the normal walk had to take 1 month after of the surgery for recovering. The function of the ankle joint was not obviously influenced.

CONCLUSIONThe above mentioned technique is a safe and effective method for re-contouring the leg.

Cosmetic Techniques ; Early Ambulation ; Humans ; Leg ; anatomy & histology ; surgery ; Muscle, Skeletal ; surgery ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVETo discuss the experiences of diagnosis and treatment for vasoactive intestinal peptide-secreting-tumors (VIPoma) by summarizing clinical informations of 15 patients with VIPoma.

METHODSTo analyze Clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, imaging features, operation, pathological findings and follow up survey of 15 patients, among them 1 case from our hospital and the other 14 cases were searched in chinese biological and medical literature database from Jan 1987 to Dec 2002.

RESULTSThe main clinical manifestation include periodical secretory watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, achlorhydria, in addition, periodical backache, skin rash, and polyps of colon were presented in the case in our hospital. The immunohistochemical expression of many kinds of digestive hormone including VIP presented positive; All clinical symptoms of which except polyps disappeared after operation, elevated VIP data in serum also markedly decreased. Part resection of superior mesenteric vein was performed in the same patient.

CONCLUSIONSVIPoma is rare. Typical symptoms and the serum value of VIP were keys to diagnosis, the operation is the most effective means for treatment. Resection of tumor, Radiofrequency tissue ablation, liver transplantation can be selected for metastatic VIPoma in the liver.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide ; secretion ; Vipoma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy

Objective To investigate the relationship and the influence between pre-diabetes mellitus (PDM) and hyperuricemia (HUA).Methods 157 PDM patients,aged 20 to 75 years old were selected from the Second Clinical Medical College of Harbin Medical University,from 2009 February to 2010 February and were divided into HUA group (76 cases) and NUA group (81 cases).All the patients had not been on thiazide drugs.T-test and Pearson correlation analysis were used to calculate the differences and correlation between uric acid and biochemical indicators.Results In the HUA group,BMI was (27.74 ± 2.88) kg/m2,waist to height ratio (WSR) was (0.55 ± 0.41),TC was (6.61 ± 0.73) mmol/L,TG was (3.94 ± 1.97) mmol/L,LDL-C was (3.60 ± 0.45) mmol/L and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was (3.09± 1.20).There were significant differences noticed in BMI,TG,TC,LDL-C,HOMA-IR at higher level in the HUA group than those in the NUA group.Pre-diabetes uric acid levels were positively correlated with TG,TC,LDL-C while HOMA-1R (TG:r=0.29,TC:r=0.33,LDL-C:r=0.49,HOMA-IR:r=0.51,P＜0.05)was negatively correlated (r=－0.30,P＜0.05) with the HbAlc.Conclusion The levels of PDM uric acid might both be related with TC,TG,LDL-C and HOMA-IR.The High level of uric acid status in vivo appeared closely related to HOMA-IR,which could further promote the progress of pre-diabetic patients to diabetes and causing dyslipidemia.Our findings suggested that the levels of pre-diabetes uric acid levels should be under concern.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate wound healing after types of pancreaticojejunostomy.

METHODSAfter resection of the pancreatic head, 38 domestic piglets were divided into two groups according to the types of anastomoses: group I: binding pancreaticojejunostomy, a new technique designed and advocated by professor Peng Shuyou; group II: end-to-end pancreaticojejunal invagination. Anastomotic strength in vivo and histopathological findings were assessed on operative day and postoperative day 5 and 10.

RESULTSBursting pressure was 139.7 +/- 8.0, 178.7 +/- 9.7 and 268.8 +/- 12.8 mm Hg in group I on day 0, 5 and 10, whereas 67.3 +/- 7.9, 96.2 +/- 10.4 and 130.6 +/- 9.3 mm Hg in group II. The gain on day 0 to 5 and 5 to 10 was 27.9% and 50.5% in group I and 42.9% and 35.7% in group II, respectively. A significant difference was observed between group I and group II, and between 5 and 10 day after anastomoses (P < 0.01). Breaking strength was 4.5 +/- 0.4, 6.6 +/- 0.4 and 10.0 +/- 0.6 N in group I on day 0, 5 and 10 and 4.6 +/- 0.6, 5.8 +/- 0.5 and 7.1 +/- 0.6 N in group II. Although a similar value was shown in both types of anastomoses on day 0, a rapider gain was demonstrated on day 0 to 5 and 5 to 10 in group I (44.8% and 52.9%) than in group II (25.4% and 22.0%). A significant difference was found on day 5 and 10 between the two types of anastomoses (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). Anastomotic site was well repaired by connective tissue and the cut surface of pancreatic stump was covered by mucosal epithelium in group I on day 10, but the cut surface was incompletely repaired by granulation tissue and no, regeneration of the epithelium was found in group II.

CONCLUSIONAnastomotic strength of binding pancreaticojejunostomy was stronger than end-to-end pancreaticojejunal invagination and the healing was better and rapid.

Anastomosis, Surgical ; methods ; Animals ; Female ; Male ; Pancreaticojejunostomy ; methods ; Swine ; Wound Healing

Catheter Ablation ; adverse effects ; methods ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; secondary ; surgery ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Vipoma ; secondary ; surgery ; therapy

Objective Using the Back Propagation (BP) Neural Network Model to discover the relationship between meteorological factors and mortality of intracerebral hemorrhage,to provide evidence for developing an intracerebral hemorrhage prevention and control program,in Harbin.Methods Based on the characteristics of BP neural network,a neural network Toolbox of MATLAB 7.0 software was used to build Meteorological data of 2007-2009 with intracerebral hemorrhage mortality to predict the effect of BP neural network model,and to compare with the traditional multivariate linear regression model. Results Datas from the multivariate linear regrcssion indicated that the cerebral hemorrhage death mortality had a negative correlation with maximum temperatureand minimum humidity while having a positive correlation with the average relative humidity and the hours of sunshine.The linear correlation coefficient of intracerebral hemorrhage mortality was 0.7854,with mean absolute percentage (MAPE) as 0.21,mean square error (MSE) as 0.22,mean absolute error(MAE) as 0.19.The accuracy of forecasting was 81.31％ with an average error rate as 0.19.The Fitting results of BP neural network model showed that non-linear correlation coefficient of intracerebral hemorrhage mortality was 0.7967,with MAPE as 0.19,MSE as 0.21,MAE as 0.18.The forecasting accuracy was 82.53％ with the average error rate as 0.17.Conclusion The BP neural network model showed a higher forecasting accuracy when compared to the multiple linear regression model on intraccrebral hemorrhage mortality,using the data of 2010' s.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcomes and to find out the influence factors of indirect pulp treatment in primary teeth. METHODS: Children who received indirect pulp treatment in primary teeth in the Department of Pediatric Dentistry in Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology from August, 2014 to September, 2016 were collected in the Electronic Medical Record Database of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, via the database for scientific research provided by the corporation of Kaientai. The children selected as the subjects of this study were followed up over 1.5 years, and they were under 9 years old if in the group of primary molars while the children in the group of primary anterior teeth were under 4 and a half years old. Those children who were not reviewed regularly or didn't have complete medical records were removed. Basic information, the relevant medical records and radiographic records of those children were collected. All teeth were examined clinically and classified into 2 outcomes, teeth in group H were regarded as succeeded, and teeth in group P were regarded as failed. Survival analysis was applied. The survival rate and survival time of the deciduous teeth calculated. Multivariate analysis was performed by using Cox proportional hazard model. RESULTS: One hundred and six children were finally included, aged from 1.6 to 8.8 years, with the mean age of (5.0±1.7) years. 168 primary teeth (122 primary molars, 46 primary anterior teeth) were included, and the average follow up time was (729±244) days. Thirty-five primary teeth (23 primary molars, 12 primary anterior teeth) failed upon clinical or radiographic examinations by September, 2018. The cumulative survival probability of half a year, one year, one year and a half, two years, two and a half years for the indirect pulp treatment was 93.5%, 92.9%, 87.5%, 82.7%, and 75.5% through the KaplanMeier method, respectively. Through the analysis of Cox proportional hazard model, in primary molars, the survival probability tended to be lower when the number of tooth surface affected by caries was greater (OR=1.709, P<0.05). Compared with primary molars, the survival probability of primary anterior teeth was lower, but the difference was not significant. CONCLUSION Complying the current instructions in our department, the cumulative survival probability of two and a half years after the indirect pulp treatment in primary teeth was 75.5%. In primary molars, the survival probability tended to be lower when the number of tooth surfaces affected by caries increased.
Child ; Child, Preschool ; Dental Caries ; Dental Pulp ; Humans ; Infant ; Molar ; Retrospective Studies ; Tooth, Deciduous