Objective: To analyze the trends of female breast cancer incidence and mortality in Beijing, Shanghai, Linzhou and Qidong in China between 1988 and 2007. Methods: The data of female breast cancer incidence and mortality and the data of corresponding population during 1988-2007 were collected from four eligible cancer registries which could provide complete sets of historical data. The pooled analysis and time-trend analysis of the data were performed. Results: During 1988-2007, the APCs (annual percent changes) of age-standardized incidence rates (by China's population in 1982) of female breast cancer in Beijing, Shanghai, Linzhou and Qidong were 2.49%, 2.55%, 7.04% and 4.16%, respectively. Although the average annual growth of APC of age-standardized mortality was 4.10% in Linzhou, there were no significant changes in Beijing, Shanghai and Qidong. Conclusion: During 1988-2007, the breast cancer incidence and mortality of the urban women in Beijing and Shanghai were significantly higher than those of the rural women in Linzhou and Qidong. The incidence rate of female breast cancer in these four areas showed an obvious rising trend, and this increase was more significant in rural areas. The mortality rate of female breast cancer in Linzhou also showed a rising trend, but the mortality rates in the other three areas remained steady. Copyright © 2012 by TUMOR.

Objective: To describe the incidence and mortality of female breast cancer in China during 2003-2007. Methods: The incidence and mortality data of female breast cancer and the corresponding population data from 32 eligible cancer registries in China during 2003-2007 were collected and analyzed. Results: The combined crude incidence rate of female breast cancer during 2003-2007 was 41.64 per 100 000, which was the highest among female cancer incidence rates. The combined crude mortality rate of female breast cancer was 9.63 per 100 000, which was ranked as the sixth among the mortality rates of all female cancers. The incidence rate was 3.04 times higher and the mortality rate was 1.92 times higher in urban areas than those in rural areas. Compared to the incidence and mortality rates of 184 regions provided from GLABOCAN 2008 database, the female breast cancer incidence in China was ranked as the one hundred and tenth, and the mortality was ranked as the one hundred and seventy-second. Conclusion: Breast cancer has been becoming one of the most common cancers among Chinese women. The incidence and mortality rates of female breast cancer in urban areas are significantly higher than those in rural areas, although the overall incidence and mortality rates of breast cancer in Chinese women are still at a medium or low level in the world. © 2012 by Tumor.

Objective To develop and verify a method for determination of residual host cell DNA in recombinant human interferon α2b substances, which is used for the quality control of the product.Methods The residual host cell DNA was extracted by wako DNA extractor kit and determined by SYBRGreen based q-PCR using standard DNA as control.The residual host cell DNA was analyzed according to the standard curve.The developed method was verified by primer specifity, results accuracy and precision and used for determination of 3 batches of interferon substances. Results The minimum quantitative limit of residual host cell DNA by the developed method was 12 fg/μL, while the linear range was 12 fg/μL-120 ng/μL, with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.998.The designed primers were specific to the DNA templates.The recovery rates of spiked samples with different DNA quantity were between 50%-200%.The residual host cell DNA determined by this method were not more than the limit, which were complied with the requirements for residual host cell DNA in Chinese Pharmacopeia ( volume III,2010 edition and 2015 edition) .Conclusion The wako DNA extractor kit could successfully solved the technical difficulties of sample pretreatment during residual DNA assay.The q-PCR method was simple, rapid and accurate for quantitation of residual host cell DNA in interferon substances.

Objective A high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was established for the determination of glycerol in propofol medium and long chain fat emulsion injection.MethodsThe chromatographic conditions were as follows: Kromasil 100-5-NH2 column(4.6×250mm,5μm) with the column temperature was 40℃,acetonitrile-water(8515)as mobile phase with flow rate of 1.0mL/min.Glycerol was detected by refractive index (RI) detector at 40℃.ResultsThe linear range of glycerol was 455.3916-2276.9580μg/mL(r=0.9999,n=7),the average recovery rate was 99.5%,RSD was 0.6%(n=9),the limit of detection(LOD) was 121ng and the limit of quantification(LOQ)was 364ng.ConclusionThe method was simple, rapid, strong specifity and accurate with good reproducibility, which is suitable for the content determination of glycerol in propofol medium and long chain fat emulsion injection.

To screen the illegal substances in fishery inputs,we established the database including the precursor and the daughter ions for these possible components by the quadrupole/orbit-trap mass spectrometer,and the retention time of each drug on the same chromatographic column.And then,the extracted and diluted samples were analyzed and the components in the real samples were identified under the same conditions.Chromatographic analysis was performed on an Accucore RP-MS column (100 mm × 2.1 mm,2.6 μm) using gradient elution with 0.1％ formic acid in water and 0.1％ formic acid in acetonitrile as mobile phase.Elutes were ionized through heatable electrospray ionization (HESI) in both positive and negative mode simultaneously.Data acquisition was conducted by Full-scan ddMS2 (TopN) mode,in which the full mass profile for a continuous precursor ion injection and the fragments of each high abundant precursor of targeted were acquired with excellent time and mass resolution.Screening was carried out through comparison of the information of real samples with that of standards in the database,which were processed by software (Tracefinder).The Quantification of each component was analyzed based on the precursor ion chromatography acquired by orbit-trap mass spectroscopy,which showed a good linearity between 0.01-1 μg/mL,with R＞0.98.The method was validated by checking its minimum screening concentration (0.5 mg/L for drugs and 5 mg/L for feedstuffs) and evaluating the recovery after addition of the standard mixture in real samples (＞50％,under the addition of 10 and 100 mg/kg).The results for 68 practical samples demonstrated the effective performance of this method for screening with high-throughput,rapidness and acceptable minimum screening concentration and accuracy,in which 15 of 29 fishery drug samples were screened out for positive components that were not indicated in their labels.

T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive leukemia. However the poor prognosis and low morbidity restrict further analysis of the disease. Therefore there is an increasing demand to develop animal models for identifying novel therapeutic approaches. In this study, we inoculated the anti-mouse CD122 monoclonal antibody conditioned NOD/SCID mice with the leukemia cells from 9 T-ALL patients and 1 cell line via the tail vein. Four of the 9 patients and the cell line were successfully engrafted. Flow cytometry detected high percentage of human CD45(+) cells in recipient mice. Immunohistochemistry showed infiltration of human CD45(+) cells in different organs. Serial transplantation was also achieved. In vivo drug treatment showed that dexamethasone could extend survival, which was consistent with clinical observation. These results demonstrated that we successfully established 5 xenotransplantation models of T-ALL in anti-mCD122 mAb conditioned NOD/SCID mice, which recapitulated the characteristics of original disease.

Objective To analyze the factors that influence the family training compliance of THR,to provide a theoretical basis for the early rehabilitation of the patients' limbs function.Methods A questionnaire survey was used in this study,52 patients who received THR six months ago were given family visit.The survey including the scores of the patients' basic information,compliance of rehabilitation training and the rehabilitation of hip function,and statistical analysis was given to acquired data.Results The score of the postoperation family rehabilitation training compliance was (30.76±5.28).The order of the four dimensions was ranked as:the self-care capacity,the good habits,rehabilitation training skills and the relevant knowledge of the disease.The major related factors of the compliance were the education level,psychological condition,family and social support condition and economic condition.Conclusions Factors such as knowledge of rehabilitation,rehabilitation training skills,education level,psychological condition,family and social support and the economic condition are related to the compliance of family rehabilitation training.An effective rehabilitation training plan,postoperation visiting,recovery instruction and stable social support can play a positive influence on the compliance of family rehabilitation training and the recovery of limbs'function as well as the patients' quality of life.

Objective To assess the left ventricular dyssynchrony in coronary artery disease(CAD) without visual segmental wall motion abnormalities using strain delay index (SDI).Methods A total of 135 patients under suspicion of CAD were recruited in this study.Two-dimensional cchocardiography was performed to collect dynamic images of left ventricular apical long axis views,tow-chamber views,four chamber views and parasternal short axis mitral views,papillary views and apical views.The time to minimal systolic longitudinal,radial,circumferential strain (Tssl,Tssr and Tssc) were measured from the start point of QRS wave in electrocardiogram.The left ventricular segmental standard deviation (Tssl-SD,Tssr-SD,Tssc-SD),maximal difference (Tssl-Dif,Tssr-Dif,Tssc-Dif) and longitudinal,radial,circumferential SDI (LSDI,RSDI,CSDI) of 18 left ventricular segments were calculated.Results According to coronary angiography results,patients were divided into three groups:severe stenosis group,mild stenosis group and control group.Compared with the other two groups,SDI and Tssl-SD,Tssl-Dif were decreased in severe stenosis group (P ＜0.001 or P ＜0.05).However,there were not significant differences between the mild stenosis group and the control group except Tssr-SD.The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves analysis demonstrated that LSDI had the highest accuracy and Tssl-SD had the lowest accuracy for detecting severe CAD (areas under the curve were 0.891,0.797,0.666,0.580 and 0.556 respectively).High sensitivity and specificity (80.6％ and 86.7％,respectively) were shown when using-12.67％ as a cutoff point of LSDI to diagnose severe CAD.Conclusions SDI can be helpful for assessing the left ventricular dyssynchrony in patients without visual segmental wall motion abnormalities,and LSDI is the most effective parameter to detecting severe CAD.

The major of midwifery is the basic platform of midwifery talent training, and its construction and development is very important for maternal health care. The midwifery education in China has experienced more than 100 years of development, especially after the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the undergraduate education program of midwifery and clinical practice have developed rapidly. At the end of 2019, 64 universities in China have added undergraduate major of midwifery. China maternal and child health association has established 10 standardized training bases for midwives. The quality of maternal health has improved significantly in the past two decades.

Objective:To explore the effect of self-designed fixed support in the postoperative nursing of abdominal flap repair.Methods:From January 2016 to December 2019, 47 patients with hand tissue defects undergoing abdominal skin flap repair in Shajing People′s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University were divided into control group (23 cases) and observation group (24 cases) by random digits table method. The control group was treated with traditional methods, and the observation group was treated with self-designed fixed support. The wound healing of abdominal flap, the wound tearing after flap operation, pedicle ulcer after flap operation and the patients' nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results:There were 7 cases of primary healing and 16 cases of secondary healing in the control group, 18 cases of primary healing and 6 cases of secondary healing in the observation group. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ2 value was 9.368, P<0.01). The incidence rate of the wound tearing after flap operation was 26.1% (6/23) in the control group and 0 (0/24) in the observation group. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ2 value was 7.177, P<0.05). The incidence rate of pedicle ulcer after flap operation was 69.6% (16/23) in the control group and 33.3% (6/23) in the observation group. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ2 value was 6.170, P<0.05). The patients' nursing satisfaction was (76.8±8.4)points in the control group and (90.4±6.5) points in the observation group.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (t value was -4.640, P<0.01). Conclusions:The use of fixed support after the operation of abdominal flap is helpful to the wound healing, reduce the occurrence of wound tear and pedicle ulcer, and improve the satisfaction of nursing, which is worth popularizing.