This report analyzes the status of schistosomiasis epidemic,surveillance and challenges in transmission?interrupt?ed areas of Jiangxi Province. There are 24 schistosomiasis transmission interrupted counties(cities,districts)among 39 endem?ic counties(cities,districts). Among the 24 counties,there are 6 counties with Oncomelania hupensis snails and 461 villages endemic,with 1.29 million residents. Since 2009,there have not been acute and chronic cases of schistosomiasis and all the pa?tients are historical advanced schistosomiasis cases. The area with snail habitats is 37.02 hm2. Since 2015,the schistosomiasis surveillance has covered the entire transmission interrupted areas. However,there are still many challenges,such as endemic in?stability,weak surveillance capacity,lack of surveillance awareness and other issues. Towards the schistosomiasis elimination, the surveillance should be based on the snail monitoring mainly,supplemented by the mobile population monitoring,and in ad?dition,the capacity building,standardized report of endemic,and snail habitat reform should also be further strengthened.

Ultrasonic scalpels,including incision type and aspiration type,are introduced from aspects of the principles,key technologies and clinical application.Uitrasonic scalpel has the advantages of less bleeding,exact incision,,safety,shortened time of operation and less damage to surrounding tissue.Some technology problems of ultrasonic scalpel are also summarized.It is pointed out that ultrasonic scalpel is the tendency and direction of clinical surgery development,which has extensive application prospects.

Nano materials are popular with its interesting properties. Large specific surface area, high mechanical strength, good absorbability make them good potencial carriers of catalyst. With the help of chemical modification, nano SiO2 particals were used as carrier to immobilize ?-glucosidase with covalent binding. It is found that the load of nano particals can reach 1/8 of its weight, and the recovered activity of enzyme is 70%. The resistence of immobilized enzyme to organic solvent wase improved obviously, which was then used in Ethyl Acetate-Water-two-phase-system to hydrolyzed soybean isoflavones.

AlM:To discuss the feasibility of microcoria optometry in screening for children ametropia. METHODS: Totally 217 school - age children were selected, included 94 first-grade students ( 6 ~ 8 years old) and 123 fourth-grade students ( 9 ~12 years old ) . Refractive diopter was measured with automatic refractor RM-8000 to evaluate the accuracy of micocoria optometry in screening ametropia.RESULTS: After cycloplegia, both the mean sphere diopter and cylinder diopter in grade one students changed significantly (P<0. 05), the mean sphere diopter in grade four students changed significantly (P<0. 05), while the mean cylinder diopter had no statistical difference ( P>0. 05 ) in grade four students. Different refractive type: before and after mydriasis spherical myopia, spherical equivalent difference was 0. 263 ± 0. 618 and 0.216±0.653D, with statistical significance (P<0.01);ln hyperopia group, spherical myopia, spherical equivalent difference was 0. 947±0. 946 and 1. 039±0. 984D, with statistical significance ( P = 0. 000 ). The lenticular difference between the two groups were not statistically different ( P > 0. 05 ). Choosing small pupil computer optometry for ≤- 1. 00D, ≥- 0. 50D child myopia or hyperopia could get more accurate value of diagnostic cutoffs, Youden index was 0. 672 and 0. 580. CONCLUSlON: Microcoria optometry can be as a effective method of screening of children with ametropia, but if for optometry, school-age children must accept mydriasis.

This article reviews the advances in the transradial cerebral angiography in recent years. Outcoming with the comprehensive informations of this approach possessing characteristics of safety, less invasiveness and fewer complications. Therefore this procedure is welcomed by patients and ought to be used routinely. (J Intervent Radiol, 2006, 15: 315-318)

OBJECTIVE: To explore the extralaryngeal furcation variation of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) in total thyroidectomy. METHOD: The clinical data of 216 RLNs from 108 patients undergone total thyroidectomy were retrospectively analyzed. RESULT: RLN was found during every operation and exposed in whole course until access into larynx. Twenty (9.26%) pieces of RLNs showed bifurcated or trifurcated RLNs before access into larynx. Ratio of furcation is lower than that reported before internationally. Bifurcations of RLNs on the left were more than that on the right. CONCLUSION The protection of RLN is important for thyroid operation, especially in total thyroidetomy. Variation of extralaryngeal furcation of RLN usually leads to injury of RLN. Understanding of variation of RLN could decrease nerve function related complication.
Humans ; Larynx ; Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ; pathology ; Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injuries ; diagnosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Thyroid Gland ; surgery ; Thyroidectomy

Objective: To investigate the change and effect of sIL-2R and TNF-α in the immunopathogenesis of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis(EAE). Methods: The EAE model was induced in guinea pigs. And the EAE animals were killed on the 8th, 15th and 22nd day after the MBP+CFA challenge. ConA-treated guinea pig spleen cells were cultured and supernatants were collected. The level of sIL-2R in supernatant was detected by ELISA, and the level of TNF-α in EAE was examined by biologic assay. Results: The EAE animals showed higher levels of sIL-2R and TNF-α than those of the normal control group. Conclusion: sIL-2R and TNF-α play an important role in the immunopathogenesis of EAE. This experiment offered thoretical evidence for further study of multiple sclerosis(MS) on pathogenesis and gave the clues for clinical use of immunospecific agents on MS.

Objective:To analyze gene mutations in 3 families with self-improving collodion ichthyosis.Methods:Clinical data were collected from 3 patients with self-improving collodion ichthyosis. DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of patients and their parents, and high-throughput sequencing was performed in the patients by using a multi-gene panel targeting congenital ichthyosis. After identification of causative gene loci, Sanger sequencing was performed to bidirectionally verify the mutations in the patients and their parents.Results:All the 3 patients presented with a collodion-like membrane at birth, which was shed within 2-4 weeks after birth, and then they gradually showed similar features of mild ichthyosis, including dry skin, tiny scales at local sites, flexural involvement, mild sweating, heat intolerance, cheek flushing, mild palmoplantar keratosis or palmar hyperlinearity. Compound heterozygous mutations were identified in the ALOX12B gene of the 3 patients, including a paternal mutation c.406_408delGAG and a maternal mutation c.77T>C in case 1, a paternal mutation c.1013C>T and a maternal mutation c.1286C>G in case 2, a paternal mutation c.1232T>C and a maternal mutation c.1440C>A in case 3. Function prediction analysis showed that 4 missense mutations c.77T>C, c.1286C>G, c.1013C>T, c.1232T>C and 1 deletion mutation c.406_408delGAG may exert pathogenic effect, and 1 nonsense mutation c.1440C>A led to the generation of a termination codon encoding a truncated protein p.Tyr480Ter, which may affect the protein function and cause disease. None of the 6 mutation sites had been reported in the past.Conclusion:Compound heterozygous pathogenic mutations were identified in the ALOX12B gene of the 3 patients with self-improving collodion ichthyosis, which were inherited from their parents.

Objective To explore the safety and applicability of a temporary protective ileostomy that closes itself in the prevention of anastomotic leakage following anterior resection after chemoradiation for rectal cancer.Methods From Oct 2010 to Oct 2013,54 cases of middle or low rectal carcinoma were admitted.Protective ileostomy was created to prevent anastomotic leakage.Patients were divided into two groups receiving respectively intubation ileostomy (group A,28 cases),and conventional ileostomy (group B,26 cases).Results The mean time for anus to restore defecation was identical in the two groups.The period of protection of the anastomosis,was 21 d (15 ～ 35 d) in group A.The rate of spontaneous closure of the stoma after removal of the tube was 100％.The stoma was reduced after 3 to 6 months in group B and major complication developed in one case in this group.Conclusions Temporary ileostomy prevents anastomotic leakage of anterior resection in patients of rectal carcinoma receiving preoperative neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.Intubation ileostomy is effective and safe in prevention of anastomotic leakage saving stoma reduction procedures.