This paper reports a method to preserve toxoplasma gondii in the washing fluid of normal caline from the peritoneal cavity of mice in a refrigerator at 4℃. The washing fluid continued to infect the mice when it had been preserved for 49 days. Therefore, the mice san be vacunated through the peritoneal cavity about a month later, and then the washing fluid drawn from the peritoneal cavity and preserved in the refrigerator at 4℃ again. This method helps preserve toxoplasma gondii for a long time. This method is convenient, as compared with other methods.

Objective To carry out genetic analysis of complete map genome of strains used for pertussis vaccine production in China.MethodsThe complete map genome of pertussis vaccine original seed for production use was sequenced by combining PacBio Sequel third-generation sequencing platform and Illumina second-generation sequencing platform,and the genome components analysis,gene function annotation and comparative genome analysis were performed. Simultaneously,the genetic stability of different generations of strains in the production process of enterprises was analyzed.Results The complete map genome of the original strain of pertussis vaccine and its different generations in the production process was obtained,with the genome length of 4. 1 Mb,the GC content of 68%,and the stable genome structure among different generations. Immunogenic or potentially immunogenic genes such as pt,pha,prn,fim2,fim3,act,tct,ompA,BrKA,rplD and BP1569 were obtained and analyzed,and no occured in different generations of genes.ConclusionIn this study,the complete map genome of pertussis strains for vaccine production with complete structure and clear background was obtained,which provided a basis for the quality control of pertussis strains for vaccine production in China,and also provided a reference for the study of molecular epidemiology of pertussis.

Objective To survey the faculty doctors in psychiatric specialist training basement of Sichuan Province so as to provide a foundation for improving the faculty's ability and to promote the psychiatric specialist doctors training project.Methods To survey the 90 psychiatric specialist training faculty doctors by giving out a self-made questionnaire.Factor analysis were done by adopting SPSS 13.0.Results There were 90 self-made questionnaires given and 90 received.The effeetual questionnaires were 84.The results showed as follows:the average age of faculty doctors was 38.56±8.04,the average teaching time Was 14.32±8.44,faculty doctors with bachelor degree and more were 80.95%,the ratio of full-time teachers was 5.95%,the ratio of primary titles was 27.40%,the ratio of middle tides was 22.60%,the ratio of vice-senior titles was 33.30%,the ratio of senior titles was 16.70%;the ratio of the faculty doctors who enrolled in system training program was 28.57%,the ratio of the training time less than half year was 71.43%,the ratio of wanted to take part in system training was 95.24%.Conclusion The constitute of the faculty doctors'age.degrees and title were reasonable.But the teachingtime Was short and there were short age of full-time teachers.The time of system training was rather short.The faculty doctors demanded to take part in system training program.

Traditional Chinese medicine emphasizes the overall state of health, pays attention to individual health condition, highlights maintaining health rather than diseases, shows the clinical effectiveness with flexible treatment. It is the unique resource of health service in our country. Currently, the qualification and certification of traditional Chinese medicinewere only applied in medical practitioners of traditional Chinese medicine and Gua sha.This led to the status quo of vacuum to the traditional Chinese medicine in the fields of access system and standardization. Thus, it is urgent to unify and standardize the access and qualification traditional Chinese medicine, in order to TCM inheritance and development. The establishment of the system should be based on clinical effect and difference among the clinical application. The system can be divided into easy, middle and senior level TCM therapist. TCM therapist with different levels can apply the qualification and certification based on their own levels.

Objective To study the evaluation of rational use level of drugs in medical institutions.Methods According to the specific requirements of rational use of drugs in medical institutions,a criteria system is established.And a rational use of drugs evaluation model of medical institutions is to be built on the theory of fuzzy evaluation,group decision making and the analysis method of multi-index evaluation.Results Based on the fuzzy evaluation and group decision making,a rational use of drugs evaluation model of medical institutions is presented in the paper and one example is used to show the feasibility and the effectiveness of the proposed model.Conclusion The rational use of drugs evaluation model based on fuzzy evaluation and group decision making can effectively accomplish the evaluation of rational use of drugs of medical institutions,and build the foundation for improving the rational use of drugs of medical institutions and improving the level of universal health care.

OBJECTIVE To search for the sensitive factors of infection by vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus(VRE) as well as the corresponding prevention measures. METHODS Investigation and analysis had been conducted for 15 cases of infection induced by VRE. RESULTS Some of the cases had been infected in communities,but most been infected in hospital,including the old patients in ICU,patients with underlying diseases or respiratory diseases and inpatients staying long in hospital.The infection site was mainly lower respiratory tract,together with the positive results of drug-resistant staphylococci culture. CONCLUSIONS Use of large amount of strong effect broad-spectrum antibiotic as well as use of invasive mechanical ventilation are the risk factors causing infection by VRE.Alternative use of antibiotic of ?-lactamases,amino-glycosides and quinolones can cure the infection,besides,strict isolation and disinfection measures can prevent the infection from spreading in hospital.

Colorectal cancer is a very common malignant neoplasm.It is widely accepted that community screening for colorectal cancer significantly reduces mortality of this disease.Detection of neoplasm is facilitated by fecal occult blood testing(FOBT),sigmoidoscopy,colonoscopy and double contrast barium enema.Colonoscopy is currently the gold standard,however,the appropriate age to begin testing and time interval between repeat sereenings remain unclear.Screening with CT colonography(vivtul colonoscopy),fecal DNA analysis and detecting cyclooxygenase 2 messenger RNA in feces is under study.Finding the optimal screening method and increasing acceptability to both physician and patients remain to be studied further.

Infectious necrosis is one of severe local complications caused by acute pancreatitis,and the mortality rate was reported to be up to 10％ ～ 20％.Traditional open surgical debridement used to be the sole option for this disease.Nevertheless,this approach is associated with poor outcome.Currently,conservative treatment and minimally invasive procedures are more favorable.The treatment for infectious necrosis caused by acute pancreatitis can be summarized as 3D,representing delay,drain,debride.The patients usually receive initial treatment in ICU division,and surgical intervention is then delayed.Percutaneous drainage can be firstly performed in the early course of the disease,followed by necrotic tissue debridement with laparoscopic or video-assisted retroperitoneal procedures.Open surgical debridement is now rarely used,which is merely performed for certain refractory cases.The management of acute pancreatitis infected necrosis therefore is a clinical question that requires a multiple disciplinary team rather than a simply surgical disease.This paper reviewed the relevant issues.

BACKGROUND:The immature disc nucleus pulposus is composed of notochordal cels, but there is no notochordal cel in the mature human intervertebral disc, in which the notochordal cels are replaced by chondrocyte-like cels. It is very important to comprehend the disappearance of the notochordal cels; however, it is stil unknown at present. OBJECTIVE: To elaborate the feasibility of notochordal cels to maintain the proliferation and phenotype of chondrocyte-like cels and to induce the cartilage-like differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels. METHODS: The first author used the computer to retrieve PubMed and Wanfang databases using the key words of “notochord cels; nucleus pulposus cels; identify” in English and Chinese, respectively. Totaly 9 896 relevant articles published from January 1999 to August 2015 were retrieved. Repetitive studies were excluded, and finaly 36 articles were in accordance with the inclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Now, the main functions of notochordal cels are to promote synthesis of extracelular matrix in the nucleus pulposus, induce directional differentiation of mesenchymal cels into nucleus pulposus cels or act as “seed cels” to form the nucleus pulposus cels. The presence and disappearance of notochordal cels is related to intervertebral disc degeneration. Cel apoptosis is involved in static compressionviadeath receptor signals, and then leads to intervertebral disc degeneration. fas ligand can mediate the reduction of notochordal cels, and hypoxia-inducible factor can induce spinal cord injury thereby triggering cel death and complete disappearance of nucleus pulposus. The measurement and verification of immune makers of notochordal cels, CK-8, CK-18 and galectin-3, can benefit to the identification and isolation of notochordal cels, and thereby help the studies on cel growth and differentiation, function and its mechanism of apoptosis.

In recent years,postoperative mortality rate of pancreatic resection has dropped below 5％,while the complication rate still remains as high as 30％ ～ 50％.Postoperative pancreatic fistula and abdominal abscess are two serious complications after pancreatic resection,with the incidence of 10％ ～28％.Deep understanding of the physiological functions of the pancreas together with the research and development of new medications has improved the prognosis of patients with pancreatic fistula.This article gave a brief overview on the progress in this regard.