OBJECTIVE　To assess the efficacy and safety of Lipobay (cerivastatin) and Jingbishuxin (simvastatin) on lipid profiles.METHODS　40 patients with hypercholesterolemia were randomizedly divided into Lipobay group (0.3 mg,QN) and Jingbishuxin group (domestic simvastatin tablet) (20 mg,QN)for 4 weeks.Total cholesterol (TC),low density Lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),triglyceride (TG) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),blood sugar,hepatic and renal function,blood and urine regular test were measured before and after the treatment.RESULTS　After 4 weeks of treatment,TC,LDL-C and TG were reduced by 29.02%,29.95%,17.21% in Lipobay the group and 22.48%,28.68%,14.74% in Jingbishuxin group,respectively.Compared the measurements after treatment with that before treatment,there were significant differences in both groups,but there was no significant difference between them.No serious adverse effect was found.CONCLUSION　Lipobay had a same efficacy and safety on lipoprotein profiles as that of Jingbishuxin in elderly.It has a good tolerance with smaller dose.

Traditional Chinese medicine emphasizes the overall state of health, pays attention to individual health condition, highlights maintaining health rather than diseases, shows the clinical effectiveness with flexible treatment. It is the unique resource of health service in our country. Currently, the qualification and certification of traditional Chinese medicinewere only applied in medical practitioners of traditional Chinese medicine and Gua sha.This led to the status quo of vacuum to the traditional Chinese medicine in the fields of access system and standardization. Thus, it is urgent to unify and standardize the access and qualification traditional Chinese medicine, in order to TCM inheritance and development. The establishment of the system should be based on clinical effect and difference among the clinical application. The system can be divided into easy, middle and senior level TCM therapist. TCM therapist with different levels can apply the qualification and certification based on their own levels.

ObjectiveTo explore the clinical effect of omeprazole combined with octreotide in treatment of patients with non-variceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.Methods96 patients with non-variceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage were randomly divided into two groups.All the cases were received basic treatment of fluid infusion,transfusion and nutritional support.The control group( n =48) was treated with omeprazole alone,and the treatment group(n =48) was treated with omeprazole and octreotide.The course of treatment was 3 days.The vital signs,24h urine output,the number of cases of rebleeding in 72 h and adverse drug reactions was observed and recorded.ResultsThe total effective rate in treatment group and control group was 91.7％ and 72.9％,respectively.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant( x2 =5.79,P ＜0.05 ).The time of hemostasis and blood transfusion volume in treatment group were significantly less than those in control group(t =7.69,9.91,all P ＜0.05).The rebleeding rates after 72 hours of hemostasis between the two groups(8.3％ vs 25.0％ ) was significantly different ( x2 =4.80,P ＜ 0.05 ).In the course of treatment,the side effects weren' t found in both groups.ConclusionOmeprazole combined with octreotide was more effective and safe than omeprazole alone in fast stopping bleeding and reducing rebleeding rate.

Transplantation of engineering cartilage is a better choice for the treatment of articular cartilage lesions.Constructing engineering cartilage needs seeded cells and scaffold materials.The property of scaffold materials has a great influence on the biomechanical features of engineering cartilage.A variety of materials can be used for constructing engineering cartilaginous framework.Exploring the research development of scaffold materials and comparing the effects of their clinical applications is of great significance for further improvement of biomechanical characteristics of the engineering cartilage.

Objective To explore the clinical diagnosis,medication,curative effect,and prognosis of lymhocyte subsets and humoral immunity in children with Kawasaki disease(KD)complicated with coronary artery dilatation.Methods One hundred and seventy-one children(age of 4 months to 9 years)from Jun.2000 to Dec.2007 with KD in Capital Institute of Pediatrics were taken as research objective,65 healthy children(age of 5 months to 7 years)were taken as controls,the difference of the level variation of lymhocyte subsets and humoral immunity was detected and analyzed between them.The flow cytometry and scattering turbidimetry method were used to detect the numbers of T cell subsets [CD3+,CD3+CD4+,CD3+CD8+,CD19+,natural killer(NK)cell] and levels of immune globulin(IgG,IgA,IgM)of the peripheral blood of 171 patients,compare them with those of the control group,and compare them between patients with and without coronary artery dilatation.Results Compared with control group,in the acute period of KD the levels of CD3+,CD3+CD4+ decreased significantly(t=0.01,0.02 Pa0.05);of all the 171 children patient,53 cases were coronary artery expansion patients.Compared with non-expansion patients,levels of CD4+/CD8+,CD3+CD8+,IgG of coronary artery expansion patients were significant different and had statistical difference(t=0.02,0.04,0.03 Pa

Model-informed drug development (MIDD) in the development of pediatric drugs is drawing more and more attention due to the insufficiency of subjects, lack of research on ontogeny, and the limitation of ethic. The core of MIDD used for dose selection includes the population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) model and physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model, as well as model-based simulation and prediction. PBPK model has the advantage of predicting the optimal pediatric dose before the clinical trials and has the ability of extrapolation from adult model to pediatric model. PopPK model characterizes the pediatric PK feature based on the analysis of clinical data and can be used to explore the significant covariates, which is a power tool for individualized medicine in children. With their own advantages and disadvantages, PBPK and PopPK model should be jointly used in the pediatric drug development to refine the dose regimen for children at different ages. In this study, the pediatric drug development of rivaroxaban was taken as an example to introduce the combined application of PBPK model and PopPK model in the design and validation of pediatric dose regimen in Phase Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ trials, which may provide reference to MIDD in other pediatric drug development.

Abstract: Suxamethonium chloride is a depolarizing muscle relaxant used in general anesthesia. In overdose, it causes adverse reactions such as bradycardia, arrhythmia, cardiac arrest, and death. The article reviews the progress on testing methods of suxamethonium chloride such as infrared spectroscopy, chemical color reaction, chemical titration, enzyme electrode, chromatography and mass spectrometry.
Anesthesia, General ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac/chemically induced* ; Biosensing Techniques ; Bradycardia/chemically induced* ; Chromatography ; Drug Overdose ; Heart Arrest/chemically induced* ; Humans ; Mass Spectrometry ; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents/analysis* ; Spectrophotometry, Infrared ; Succinylcholine/analysis*

Objective To study to the effect of 1064-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser irradiation on the melanogenesis in a human epidermal melanocyte line PIG. Methods Cultured PIG cells were irradiated with 1064-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser (Medlite C6) at different energy densities for 10 times. After additional culture for various durations, cell viability was detected by MT assay, tyrosinase activity by dopa oxidation assay, mRNA and protein expressions of tyrosinase, tyrosinase related protein (TRP)-1 and TRP-2 by real-time quantitative fluorescent RT-PCR and Westen blotting respectively, Results The irradiation with Q-switched Nd:YAG laser at energy densities from 1 to 3 J/cm2 had no obvious effect on the viability of PIG cells. After irradiation with Nd:YAG laser at 1 J/cm2, PIG cells showed a significant increase in the tyrosinase activity,mRNA expressions of tyrosinase and TRP-1 compared with unirradiated cells (0.563 ± 0.014 vs 0.501 ±0.019, 1.40±0.11 vs 1.0, 1.28 ± 0.03 vs 1.0, all P＜ 0.05), but both the mRNA (0.91 ± 0.17 vs 1.0, P＞0.05) and protein expressions of TRP-2 experienced no significant changes before and after the irradiation.However, a significant decrease was noted in PIG cells irradiated with Nd:YAG laser at 3 J/cm2 in tyrosinase activity, mRNA and protein expressions of tyrosinase (0.70 ± 0.02 vs 1.0, 0.64 ± 0.05 vs 1.0, both P ＜ 0.05),TRP-1 (0.73±0.04 vs l.0, 0.86±0.17 vs l.0, both P＜0.05) andTRP-2 (0.68±0.04 vs l.0,0.69±0.11vs 1.0, both P ＜0.05) in comparison with unirradiated PIG cells. Conclusions The 1064-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser irradiation may affect the melanogenesis in PIG cells. With no influence on cell viability, the 1064-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser at 1 J/cm2 could enhance melanogenesis, while that at 3 J/cm2 could suppress melanogenesis, in PIG cells.

BACKGROUND: Homocysteine(HCY) is emerging as an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis. Its damage to the structure and function of endothelial cell(EC) is seemingly an important mechanism that leads to atherosclerosis.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of HCY on fibrinolysis in elderly patients with coronary heart disease(CHD).DESIGN: A case-controlled study based on CHD patients and normal people as control group.SETTING: Department of general internal medicine and department of cardiology in a university hospital.PARTICIPANTS: The study was completed in the Department of Gerontology Internal Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital University of Medical Science. Altogether 177 inpatients and outpatients from this hospital during December 2001 to August 2003 were selected and divided into three groups according to the results of coronary angiography(CAG): CHD group( n = 91 ) with 50 males and 41 females with the mean age of(66 ± 6) years, negative CAG group( n = 86) with 43 males and 43 females with the mean age of(60 ± 6) years, and normal control group( n = 85) with 43 healthy males and 42 healthy females with the mean age of(55± 5) years.METHODS: Peripheral blood samples were collected. ELISA double antibody method was applied to test tissue-type plasminogen activator(t-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and yon Willebrand factor(vWF). HCY was assayed with EIA method and the ratio of PAI-1 to t-PA was calculated.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: HCY level, t-PA, PAI-1 and vWF activities, and the ratio of PAI-1 to t-PA.RESULTS: The levels of HCY, PAI-1, PAI-1/t-PA and vWF in CHD group were significantly higher than those in negative CAG group and normal control group( P ＜ 0.01 ); however, the level of t-PA was significantly lower than that in control group( P ＜ 0. 01) . HCY was positively correlated with PAI-1,PAI-1 / t-PA and vWF, while it was negatively correlated with t-PA.CONCLUSION: The increase of serum HCY is accompanied with fibrinolytic dysfunction. HCY is positively correlated with PAI-1 and vWF but negatively correlated with t-PA. Therefore, HCY is a predictor for early coronary lesions,and can provide related laboratory data for the primary prevention and early treatment of CHD.

BACKGROUND:Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells have the ability to self-renew and have pluripotent potential under specific conditions in vitro, which have broad application prospects in clinical practice. However, isolation and culture of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells stil appear to have many difficulties and shortcomings. OBJECTIVE:To isolate and culture rabbit adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro in order to study their morphology, cellsurface markers and biological properties as wel as to investigate the osteogenic and adipogenic potentials of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. METHODS:Primary adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from the subcutaneous adipose tissue of posterior cervical region from New Zealand white rabbits and digested by 0.1%col agenase I. The cells were passaged and amplified by the trypsin digestion. The passage 4 adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were induced to differentiate after exposure to adipogenic or osteogenic medium. The oil red O staining, alkaline phosphatase and alizarin red staining were used to detect the results. The cellviability was detected by the cellcounting kit 8 method to drawn the growth curve. cellsurface markers were examined using flow cytometry. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells isolated from the subcutaneous adipose tissue of rabbits exhibited a fusiform adherent growth in a vortex pattern, and had a strong capability of proliferation that could be passaged stably to the 10th generation. Flow cytometry results showed that the cells highly expressed CD29, CD90, CD44, but lowly expressed CD45 and CD34. After adipogenic induction, the adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were positive for oil red O staining;after osteogenic induction, the cells were both positive for alkaline phosphatase and alizarin red staining. These findings suggest that the adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were successful y isolated and cultured from the subcutaneous adipose tissue of rabbits, and these cells are pluripotent with the potential to differentiate into adipocytes and osteoblasts, which are expected to be ideal seed cells for bone tissue engineering.