The interaction of biomaterials and tissues has been the focus of biomaterial science for many years and formed the foundation of the subject of biocompatibility. The research about biomaterials provides better basis for biomedical devices by the understanding of biocompatibility phenomena. In this paper, over 50 years of experience with such devices is analysed and it is shown that, in the vast majority of circumstances, the sole requirement for biocompatibility in a medical device intended for long-term contact with the tissues of the human body is that no harm should be brought to those tissues. Only a few bio-active biomaterials has been applied successfully in clinics. This artical gives a review on the application of biomaterials in tissue engineering,sophisticated cells, drug and gene delivery systems and in biotechnology. Interactions between biomaterials and tissue components is discussed as well.

Objective To explore the risk factors for peptic ulcer bleeding in elderly patients.Methods The 414 patients with upper gastrointestinal ulcer bleeding in Xuanwu Hospital from January 2001 to January 2006 were enrolled.The patients were divided into elderly group (≥ 60years,n= 183 ) and non-elderly group ( ＜ 60 years,n= 231 ).The coexisting diseases and hemorrhage causes were compared and analyzed.Results The detection rate of coexisting diseases was significantly higher in elderly group than in non-elderly group (68.9% vs.10.0% ).The hemorrhage causes included the taking of drugs for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases or osteoarthropathy in elderly group.And the fatigue,stress and dietary upset were the main causes in non-elderly group.Helicobacter pylori infection rate was 35.0% in the elderly and 58.0% in young patients.Conclusions It is very important to promote rational use of anticoagulant drugs and analgesic agents in elderly patients for managing peptic ulcer complication.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of ischemic preconditioning on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in diabetic rats.Methods Twenty-eight healthy male rats were injected streptozotocin at dose of 45 mg/kg by tail and be fed with normal diet for 4 weeks,then rats were randomly divided into iscbemia/reperfusion (I/R) group and ischemic preconditioning (IP) group.ST segment of electrocardiograph changes and arrhythmias of all rats were recorded before ischemia and 0,15,30 minuets after ischemia and 0.5,2 h after reperfusion.TTC staining was performed to determine myocardial infarct size.TUNEL assay was used to assesse cardiomyocyte apoptosis.The expression of antiapoptotic gene (Bcl-2) and proapoptotic (Bax) was determined by immunohistochemistry.Results Compared with I/R group,ST segment elevation of patients in IP group decrease from (0.675 ±0.150) mV to (0.489 ±0.161) mV at 30 min after ischemia(P ＜0.05).Meanwhile the onset of ventricular premature contraction(VPC) in IP group was (18.21 ± 5.36) min,later than that of control group ((6.47 ± 4.28) min,t =5.241,P =0.000).The duration of VPC was (6.07 ± 4.33) min,shorter than that of I/R group ((16.71 ± 5.48) min,t =4.924,P ＜ 0.01)).The incidence of ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF) of lP group remarkably decreased compared with I/R group (VT:57.14％ (8/14) vs.14.29％ (2/14),x2 =5.600,P =0.018 ; VF:50.00％ (7/ 14) vs.14.29％ (2/14),x2 =4.094,P=0.043).The myocardial infarct size in IP group was (12.50 ± 9.45) ％,smaller than that of I/R group ((37.50 ± 11.40)％,t =3.211,P =0.006).Cardiomyocyte apoptotic index (AI) was attenuated in IP group than that of I/R group((24.31 ± 3.12)％ vs.(19.01 ± 4.32)％,t =3.227,P =0.006),which was correlate with increased the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax((0.103 ±0.045) vs.(0.221 ±0.101),t =2.670,P =0.015).Conclusion IP treatment for diabetic rats shows a protect effect on myocardial I/R injury through attenuating myocardial apoptosis,and increasing the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax.

OBJECTIVE: To establish a method of microwave digestion-graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry for the determination of chromium in soft capsule shells. METHODS: Microwave digestion was adopted to digest the soft capsule shells. Graphite furnace temperature control program was optimized, zeeman effect was used in the background correction, the slit width was 0.5 nm, and the content of chromium was determined under the wavelength of 357.9 nm. RESULTS: The calibration curve was linear in the range of 0-50 mg·L-1 (r=0.9996). The detection limit was 0.06 mg·kg-1, and the average recoveries were 90%-110%. CONCLUSION: This method is simple, accurate, and suitable for the determination of chromium in soft capsule shells. Copyright 2012 by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.

Genetic Heterogeneity ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; genetics ; pathology ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; methods ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods

Adenocarcinoma ; drug therapy ; secondary ; surgery ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antineoplastic Agents ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Benzenesulfonates ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; drug therapy ; secondary ; surgery ; Diarrhea ; chemically induced ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; surgery ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; secondary ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; secondary ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Niacinamide ; analogs & derivatives ; Phenylurea Compounds ; Pyridines ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Remission Induction

Beta-Elemene is an antitumor drug which is isolated from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Curcumae Phaeocaulis Rhizoma, it is the main component of elemene which is extracted from the plant and delivered via blood circulation after intravenous injection. The antitumor effect of beta-elemene in vitro and in vivo was definite, and beta-elemene could improve the patient immunity and no sever side effect, drug resistance or bone marrow suppression were found during the clinical studies. And human serum albumin (HSA) is a primary extracellular protein which has a high concentration distribution in blood plasma and has many characteristic physiological functions. Therefore, the binding of beta-elemene to protein may be very important for absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination. Therefore, the study on the interaction of beta-elemene with drug-carrying protein is very important. In this work, molecular binding of beta-elemene to human serum albumin (HSA) was investigated by using spectrofluorometer. the binding constants suggested that a strong interaction and the formation of a complex between beta-elemene and HSA. This clearly implies that beta-elemene can be stored and removed by the proteins in the body. Furthermore, the fluorescence quenching results showed that the HSA fluorescence was quenched by beta-elemene through static quenching mechanism. Thermodynamic parameters showed that hydrophobic interactions play a role in the binding of beta-elemene to HSA. The negative deltaH(0) and positive deltaS(0) in case of beta-elemene therefore showed that electrostatic attraction play a role in the binding of beta-elemene to HSA.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Protein Binding ; Serum Albumin ; chemistry ; Sesquiterpenes ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Fluorescence ; Thermodynamics

ive] To observe the effects of Shengjiang Capsule (SC) on gastric evacuation and to study its mechanism. [Methods] Eight-week-old SD rats were randomly allocated to five groups. Group A served as normal control, and Group B were treated with high dosage of SC, Group C with low dosage of SC, Group D with Zhike Baizhu Decotion and Group E with cisapride. After ten days of treatment, gas tric evacuation of rats was detected by isotope tracing method, erythrocyte-acetycholinesterase activity by micro-hydroxylamine method and plasma motilin (Mot) and somatostatin (SS) levels by radioimmunoas-say. [Results] Thirty-minute gastric evacuation rate was (51.44?.38)%, (40.82 + 7.24)% and (40.22?.16)% in Group B, Group C and Group D respectively, which was higher than that in Group A [ (33.18?.32)%]. Erythrocyte-acetycholinesterase activity, Mot and SS levels were (0.856?.128) umol/h, (124.26?5.94) ng/L and (39.42?.96) ng/L, and (0.726?.164 ) umol/h, (119.86 ?9.38) ng/L and (38.33 ?.64) ng/L in Group B and Group C respectively, which were higher than those in Group A [ (0.576 ?.150)/umol/h, (91.28 + 26.84) ng/L and (28.22 ?7.68)ng/L]. [Conclusion] SC can promote gastric evacuation, and its mechanism may be re lated to the increase of the cholinergic nerve function and plasma Mot and SS levels.

In this study,the rDNA ITS sequence of isolate of Lactarius deliciosus(L.)Gray was sequenced.Molecular identification was accomplished using phylogenetic tree analysis of 22 Lactarius nrDNA-ITS nucleotide sequence including the 2 new and 20 GenBank sequence.

Objective To compare the fetal and maternal outcomes of labor undergoing epidural block anesthesia with and without using hand-and-knee position in the second stage of labor.Methods A total of 1,158 subjects were included in the study.There were 560 subjects in the study group and 598 cases in the control group.All the subjects were divided into study and control group according to the randomized numbers.Both groups underwent epidural block anesthesia and used the same labor way in stage I and stage 3.In the study group,the hand-and-knee position was used for 15～30 minutes combined with uterine contractions and the delivery was done in the lithotomy position.In the control group,the gradidea took the semi-recumbent position with bent knees and bed elevated 40°,combined with uterine contractions until the delivery was done in the lithotomy position.The labor time of stage1,stage2,stage3 and all abor,labor way,perinaueum,complications and newborns were compared.Results The average time of the second stage labor and all labor in the observation group were significantly shorter than those of the control group (P＜0.05).The labor ways in the observation group was better than that of the control group (P＜0.05).The incidence of postpartum urinary retention in the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P＜0.05).The differences of labor time for stage 1,stage2,perinaueum,blood loss rate,newboms' s tomor and neonatal asphyxia between two groups were not statistically significant (P＞0.05).Conclusions Under continuous epidural block anesthesia,the use of the hands-and-knees position in the second stage of labor can reduce the incidence of operative delivery,shorten the labor process,and reduce maternal complications.The method is worthy of promotion.