Objective To determine the electrical conductivity of cerebrum, liver, lung and muscle of rats at different postmortem intervals for investigating the relationship between EC and PMI. Methods Healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were sacrificed and kept at constant temperature of 25°C. Cerebrum, lung, liver and muscle were extracted at different PMIs of immediate (0d), 1d, 2d, 3d, 4d, 5d, 6d and 7d, and their extraction liquids were prepared with ultrapure water at the ratio of 1g:10mL. EC were separately determined for different tissues and organs. The relationships between EC of different tissues and organs and PMI were analyzed and their regression functions were established. The characteristics of EC values for four tissues and organs were compared and their decomposition processes were discussed. Results EC of brain and muscle showed no significant changes within 1d, and increased rapidly during 2~7d; but EC of liver and lung started to increase within 1d and increased rapidly during 2~7d.The relationship between EC of different tissues and organs and PMI were well fitted with cubic equations and liver gained the highest coefficient (R2=0.96). Additional, the EC of four organs presented various increasing laws in different periods of PMI. Conclusion The EC of cerebrum, lung, liver and muscle of rats were well fitted with PMI and the determination of EC of cadaver tissues can be expected to become an effective method for PMI estimation in forensic practice.

Iodine is an essential nutrient required for thyroid hormone synthesis and human growth and development. Iodine requirements increase substantially during pregnancy, and insufficient iodine intake may affect the health of pregnant women, and fetal growth and development. Iodized salt-based iodine supplementation is effective to improve maternal iodine levels, reduce risk of thyroid dysfunctions, and plays a vital role in improvements of offspring growth and development and prevention of intellectual disability. However, excessive iodine supplementation during pregnancy may affect maternal thyroid functions and the nerve development of offspring. Precise and personalized iodine supplementation schemes are therefore required tailored to local iodine deficiency degree and pregnant women's individual iodine status. This review summarizes the advances in the impact of iodine supplementation during pregnancy on maternal and offspring health, so as to provide insights into the guidance of iodine supplementation during pregnancy.

Abstract Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is closely related to the pathogenesis of cancer,representing a burgeoning field in tumor research in recent years. MAGI2-AS3, a tumor-associated lncRNA, exerts pivotal roles in epigenetics, transcription and post-transcriptional regulation. Studies have suggested that MAGI2-AS3 may be involved in multiple stages of tumor development, and has potential applications for tumor diagnosis, therapy and prognosis. This review summarizes the expression, regulatory mechanism and clinical application value of MAGI2-AS3 in common malignant tumrs, providing the reference for tumor prevention and treatment.

Objective To observe the expression of serine/threonine kinase 31 (STK31) in osteosarcoma and its effect on the malignant biological behavior of osteosarcoma.Methods Fifteen cases of osteosarcoma specimens and adjacent normal tissue were collected.The expression of STK31 in tumor tissues and normal tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry,real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot.The STK31 knockout plasmids PGenesil-STK31-shRNA or control plasmid pGenesil-1 were transfected into osteosarcoma cell line MG63 cells.The effect of STK31 on the proliferation of MG63 cells was detected by CCK8 cell activity assay.Tanswell experiment was used to observed the effect of STK31 on the migration ability of osteosarcoma cells.Results Immunohistochemical showed that STK31 expressed in the tumor tissue,and it was significantly higher than the adjacent normal tissues;Real time quantitative PCR[(3.65±0.83)vs.(1.05±0.14),P＜0.05] and Western blot also revealed that STK31 expression in tumor tissue were significantly higher than adjacent normal tissues(P＜0.05);CCK8 experiments showed that knockdown STK31 inhibited proliferation of MG63 cell when compared with the control group after 36 h[(1.71±0.17)vs.(1.39±0.11),P＜0.05],72 h[(2.15±0.21)vs.(1.54±0.14),P＜0.05];Tansewell experiments showed that transfection of pGenesil-STK31-shRNA could suppress MG63 cell's migration[(13±4)vs.(55±8),P＜0.05].Conclusion STK31 is overexpression in osteosarcoma with increased biological activity of osteosarcoma cells.

Objective To find out the status of iodine nutrition and the goiter of population in Zhejiang Province after adjustment of salt iodine concentration.Methods From April to June 2013,the probability proportionate to size sampling method was applied in 31 countries in Zhejiang Province to select 1 650 school-age children aged 8-10 to examine thyroid by B ultrasound,to collect urine and salt samples,and to test the iodine level using the colorimetric titration method and the spectrophotometer method.Six hundred and twenty pregnant women were selected to collect urine samples and urinary iodine was tested by the spectrophotometer method.Results The coverage rate of iodized salt and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt in Zhejiang Province after adjustment of salt iodine concentration were 93.20％ (1 521/1 632) and 89.71％ (1 464/1 632),respectively;and the medians urinary iodine in children and pregnant women were 178.40 μg/L and 127.23 μg/L,respectively;and the goiter and median thyroid volume were 5.27％ (87/1 650) and 3.45 ml,respectively;the P97 thyroid volume of children in Zhejiang Province in the 8,9 and 10 years old groups (4.76,5.29,6.36 ml) were higher than those (4.5,5.0,6.0 ml) in the thyroid volume reference (WS 276-2007);and the correlations between thyroid volume,goiter and urinary iodine were not found.Conclusions After adjustment of salt iodine concentration,the status of iodine nutrition in Zhejiang Province in general is down to optimum level,which indicates that it is appropriate for this adjustment,but the level of iodine nutrition in pregnant women is less than appropriate,which should be pay attention to.

Objective To set up the reference ranges of thyroid hormones for pregnant and lactating woman in Zhejiang.Methods A total of 338 pregnancy,322 lactating women and 139 non-pregnant women (as a control) were selected from 1 079 women in 13 survey sites of Zhejiang as survey subjects,through the questionnaire survey and thyroid B-ultrasound tests from June 2010 to September 2010.The level of urinary iodine was measured by spectrophotometer,and the thyroid hormone [free triiodothyronine (FT3),free (unbound) thyroxin (FT4),triiodothyronine (T3),tetraiodothyronine (T4),thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)] was measured by automated chemiluminescence immunoassay.Analysis of thyroid hormone 95％ in pregnant women and lactating women.Results The median urinary iodine of all women investigated were in optimal urine levels (150-249 μg/L),which indicated they were in iodine sufficient status.The FT3 index of lactating women was higher than that of pregnant women and non pregnant women (Zlactating-pregnant =3.98,Zlactating-pregnant =2.46,all P ＜ 0.05);the FT4 index level of lactating women was higher than that of pregnant women and non pregnant women (Zlactating-pregnant =2.68,Zlactating-non-pregnant =2.25,all P ＜ 0.05);the T3 index level of lactating women was higher than that of pregnant women and non pregnant women (Zlactating-pregnant =3.51,Zlactating-non pregnant =2.41,all P ＜ 0.05);levels of T4 in lactating women was the highest (Zlactating-pregnant =2.30,Zlactating-pregnant =4.90,Zlactating-non pregnant =1.57,all P ＜ 0.05);TSH index of lactating women and non pregnant women were higher than that of pregnant women (Zlactating-pregnant =2.81,Zlactating-non pregnant =1.68,all P ＜ 0.05).And in pregnant,the 95％ medical reference interval of FT3 was 3.37-6.53 pmol/L,FT4 was 10.68-20.85 pmol/L,T3 was 1.40-2.79 nmol/L,T4 was 72.72-166.41 nmol/L,and TSH was 0.15-4.44 mU/L;in lactating woman,FT3 was 3.39-6.44 pmol/L,FT4 was 10.81-20.33 pmol/L,T3 was 1.44-2.77 nmol/L,T4 was 71.94-164.61 nmol/L,and TSH was 0.25-4.47 mU/L.Conclusion The thyroid hormone levels of pregnant and lactating women are different from those of non-pregnant women,therefore establishing reference data of thyroid hormones for pregnant and lactating women may be a very important step for clinical practice.

Objective: To investigate the status of iodine nutrition and prevalence of goiter among children at ages of 8 to 10 years in Zhejiang Province in 2021, so as to provide insights into the management of iodine deficiency in children. Methods : A total of 90 counties (districts) were sampled as field survey sites from 11 cities of Zhejiang Province using a multi-stage stratified random sampling method in 2021, and non-residential children at ages of 8 to 10 years in these sites were sampled as study subjects. Subjects' household edible salt samples and random urine samples were collected. The iodine content in salt and urinary iodine level were determined using the direct titration method and arsenic-cerium catalytic spectrophotometry for evaluation of iodine nutrition among children. In addition, the lateral lobe of the thyroid gland was measured using ultrasound, and the prevalence of goiter was estimated. Results: A total of 19 363 children were recruited, including 9 710 male children and 9 653 female children, with a male to female ratio of 1.01︰1, and there were 10 704 urban children (55.28%) and 8 659 rural children (44.72%), 9 149 children living in coastal areas (47.25%) and 10 214 children in inland regions (52.75%). The mean iodine content was (19.79±9.25) mg/kg in salt, and the coverage of qualified iodized salt (15 252) was 78.77%. The coverage of qualified iodized salt was significantly lower in urban children than in rural children (76.70% vs. 81.21%; χ2=68.301, P<0.001), and was lower in children living in coastal regions than in inland regions (68.05% vs. 88.27%; χ2=1 270.769, P<0.001). The median urinary iodine concentration was 195.1 μg/L, and the household iodine content in salt correlated positively with urinary iodine concentration in children (rs=0.383, P<0.001). There were 2 885 children with iodine deficiency (14.90%), 7 137 children with adequate iodine (36.86%), 5 414 children with excessive iodine intake (27.96%), and 3 927 children with iodine overdose (20.28%), and the distribution of iodine nutrition in children varied significantly in regions (χ2=283.277, P<0.001) and gender (χ2=126.349, P<0.001). The prevalence of goiter was 2.45% among 7 195 children receiving ultrasound examinations, and a higher prevalence rate of goiter was detected in urban children than in rural children (2.76% vs. 2.00%; χ2=3.962, P=0.047). Conclusions The overall urinary iodine nutrition was adequate among children at ages of 8 to 10 years in Zhejiang Province in 2021, and the prevalence of goiter in children fell within the threshold defined in the criteria of elimination of iodine deficiency. However, the supervision of the iodized salt quality remains to be improved and iodine deficiency control remains to be reinforced.

At present, Chinese residents have three iodine nutritional states: iodine deficiency, iodine appropriate and iodine excess. Appropriate iodine nutrition is crucial to the growth, development, and metabolic regulation of the body. Accurate assessment of individual iodine nutrition level is helpful to accurately understand the iodine status of the body and prevent iodine deficiency or excess. Previous indexes for assessing iodine nutrition include urinary iodine, thyroid stimulating hormone, goiter rate and so on, but these indexes have different degrees of shortcomings in individual iodine nutrition evaluation. This paper reviews the commonly used individual iodine nutrition evaluation indexes, and discusses the possibility of combined application of multiple indexes.

Objective To evaluate the nutritional status of iodine of pregnant and lactating women in coastal and inland areas of Zhejiang province,and to provide scientific basis for iodine supplementation.Methods In 2009,five coastal cities,five coastal counties and three inland areas from Zhejiang province were selected by the cluster sampling method,and one sub-district(township) was randomly selected in each city (county),then one community (village) was randomly selected in each sub-district (township).Thirty pregnant women,thirty lactating women and fifty children aged 8 - 10,were randomly selected in each community(village) as the investigation objects to collect instant urine samples to detect urine iodine,and to collect thirty resident edible salt and some water samples to detect salt iodine and water iodine,if the numbers of water source were more than 5 then 1 water sample was collected by their location of east,south,west,north and center in each community(village),otherwise,the numbers of water samples collected were equal to the number of community (village).Results The medians of salt iodine of coastal city,coastal county and inland area were 28.42,25.29,and 33.24 mg/kg,respectively,and the medians of water iodine correspondingly were 5.41,11.52,and 2.80 μg/L,respectively.The medians of urinary iodine of pregnant and lactating women in Zhejiang province were 148.72 and 161.34 μg/L,respectively,which were less than that of children aged 8 - 10(231.02 μg/L,Z =8.57,8.24,all P ＜ 0.017).The medians of urinary iodine in pregnant women from different areas were ranked in order as inland areas(211.42 μg/L),coastal counties (150.51 μg/L) and coastal cities (123.33 μg/L,Z =2.80,5.31,2.42,all P ＜ 0.017),and in lactating women,the medians of urinary iodine in inland areas( 197.43 μg/L) was higher than that in coastal cities( 139.64 μg/L,Z =4.03,P ＜ 0.017).Conclusions The overall levels of iodine nutrition in lactating and pregnant women in Zhejiang province are in the appropriate level,but that of the pregnant women in the coastal cities is inadequate.

Objective To explore the impact of family single room practices in NICU on maternal anxiety and breastfeeding status and neuropsychological development in preterm infants. Methods One-hundred NICU-born preterm infants were divided into the experimental group (n= 48) and the control group (n=52) according to random number table. Neonates in the experimental group were guaranteed parental care in the family ward for at least 4 hours a day during hospitalization in NICU, while the control group used a traditional video-based approach for daily scheduled visits. Finally, the results of exclusive breastfeeding, nosocomial infection, maternal anxiety, parental satisfaction, and full-term NBNA score after correction of gestational age were collected and recorded. Results The rates of exclusive breastfeeding were 82.50%(33/40),42.50%(17/40)during hospitalization and six months old in the experimental group, and 17.07%(7/41),12.20%(5/41)in the control group. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant during hospitalization and at 6 months of age (χ2=32.25, 9.40,P <0.01). The score of maternal anxiety was 33.00(31.00, 41.75)in the experimental group, and 43.00(34.50, 46.00)in the control group. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (Z=-2.97, P =0.003).The NBNA score in the experimental group was 38.50(38.00, 40.00), and 37.00(36.00, 39.00)in the control group. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(Z=-2.86, P<0.01). Conclusions The development of family ward is conducive to raising the rate of exclusive breastfeeding, reducing the incidence of nosocomial infection, relieving the anxiety of mother-infant separation and enhancing the satisfaction of parents, which can promote the behavioral and neuropsychological development of preterm infants.