Objective To investigate the correlation and significance of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) an d gastric cancer-associated antigen MG7(MG7-Ag) in gastric carcinoma and non- cancerous tissues. Methods Avidin-biotin peroxidase complex immunohistochemical method was adopted to exam ine the expression of COX-2 and MG7-Ag in the gastric mucosa of 100 patients w ith gastric carcinoma. The Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infection in gastr ic carcinoma was determined by blue amino toluene stain and modified Giemsa stai n. Results The positive rates of COX-2 and MG7-Ag in gastric carcinoma were 88.0% and 92. 0% respectively. From chronic superficial gastritis, chronic atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia to dysplasia, the expression of COX-2 and MG7-Ag showed a n ascending tendency. Both COX-2 and MG7-Ag were expressed at higher level in cases with lymph nodes or distal organs metastasis than those without (P

This study was aimed to observe the therapeutic effect of liver cirrhosis treated with Tibetan medicine . A total of 70 liver cirrhosis identified cases were orally administrated with Tibetan medicine for 45 days. The results showed that the cure rate, improvement rate, ineffective rate, and total effective rate were 24 . 29% ( 17/70 ) , 67 . 14% ( 47/70 ) , 8 . 57% ( 6/70 ) , and 91 . 43%. There were no significant differences on the routine tests of blood , urine , stool and renal function before and after the treatment . It was concluded that Ti-betan medicine has unique therapeutic effects in the treatment of liver cirrhosis without any obvious poisonous or side effect .

Objective To design and construct a controlled adenovirus vector in degradating by itself after induction for solving the problem of stimulating host immune and producing replication adenovirus and providing a secure exogenous gene vectors for clinical practice. Methods Based on the traditional adenovirus vector AdEasyTM system, we inserted the Cre gene which belongs to Cre-LoxP system into the downstream of Tet-On inducible expression system. Two LoxP sites were inserted into two sides of the shuttle plasmid′s right arm genome. Then, the full-length human insulin gene was inserted HindIII enzyme site. After the recombinant adenovirus infected the rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells , fluorescent protein expression and insulin secretion were detected before or after induction by Dox. Results A new controlled recombinant adenovirus vector carrying human insulin gene was constructed successfully, and was named AdEasyN/INS. After the transfection of this new vector into QBI-293A cells and rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells , green fluorescent protein could be observed. After induction by Dox, both of the ratio of fluorescent cells/total cell and the levels of insulin significantly decreased. Conclusion Construction and preliminary validation of a controlledrecombinant adenovirus vector carrying human insulin gene is constructed successfully , it could infect rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and degradate by itself after Dox induction, realize the controllability of exogenous gene carrier.

Objective To assess the endemic trend of Kaschin-Beck disease in Tibet and to provide scientific basis for prevention and etiology study of the disease. Methods A questionnaire designed by us was administered to 905 participants who were from Lhundrop county, Medro Gongkar county of Lhasa municipality and Sangri county of Lhoka region in July to November, 2007. The Kashin-Beck disease diagnostic criteria(GB 16003-1995) was used for clinical diagnosis, and children 5 to 14 years old were taken right wrist X-ray film for diagnosis.Results One hundred and forty-four genealogies were recruited in this study. The interview and clinical examination were done to 905 persons, 208 persons were detected with Kaschin-Beck disease, and the detectable rate was 22.98%(208/905). The numbers of patients with degrees Ⅰ , Ⅱ and Ⅲ of Kaschin-Beck disease were 148, 43 and 17, respectively, with proportion of 71.15%(148/208), 20.67%(43/208) and 8.17%(17/208) out of all patients, respectively. The detectable rates of Kaschin-Beck disease were 29.73% (102/343) and 18.86%(106/562), respectively in Lhasa and Lhoka district, and the difference between this two districts was statistically significant(x2= 15.257, P＜ 0.01) . A total of 368 males and 537 females were recruited in this study, the detectable rates of male and female with Kaschin-Beck disease were 19.29% (71/368) and 25.51% (137/537), respectively,and the difference between male and female was statistically significant (x2 = 5.372, P ＜ 0.01) . In this study most patient were between 31 to 70 years old, the patients with degrees Ⅱ or Ⅲ of Kaschin-Beck disease were mostly above 40 years old. There were only 5 patients who were less and equal 20 years old in chinical diagnosis. The Xray positive detectable rate of children between 5 to 14 years old was 6.85% (10/146). Conclusions The condition of Kashin-Beck disease area is relatively stable in these two regions in recent years, and shows a downward trend. However, there are still positive child cases diagnosed by X-ray, which should arouse the attention of the relevant departments to further strengthen the implementation of control measures.

Objective:To compare the complete blood count of children under 5 years old in outpatient department of pediatrics in general hospitals in Shanghai and Shigatse, and to explore the incidence and risk factors of anemia among children in different regions.Methods:Complete blood count of 19 863 children in outpatient department of pediatrics of Shanghai Ninth People′s Hospital in 2018 and 2 476 children in outpatient department of pediatrics of Shigatse People′s Hospital in 2018 were retrieved. The value of haemoglobin (HB), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were analyzed. The types, incidence and degree of anemia in different regions were compared. The information during pregnancies, supplementary foods, residence and educational level of mothers of anemic children in Shigatse area and Shanghai were collected.Results:The incidence of nutritional anemia in Tibetan children was higher than that in Shanghai, with mild to moderate anemia predominating in Tibetan area and mild anemia predominating in Shanghai. The incidence of anemia in Shigatse area was 41.32% (1 023/2 476), which was higher than that in Shanghai [14.35%(2 852/1 9 863)], and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) .The incidence of mild anemia was 84.65% (866/1 023) in Shigatse and 94.81% (2 704/2 852) in Shanghai, with statistically significant difference ( P< 0.01). The incidence of moderate anemia in Shigatse was 14.08% (144/1 023) higher than that in Shanghai 5.05% (144/2 852), with statistically significant difference ( P<0.01). The incidence of severe anemia in Shigatse was 1.27% (13/1 023) higher than that in Shanghai 0.14% (4/2 852), with statistically significant difference ( P<0.01). Through the analysis of the questionnaires, being from pastoral areas, low educational level of mothers, poor nutrition during pregnancy, premature delivery, pure breastfeeding irregular maternity examinations and unreasonable supplementary food were related to nutritional anemia in ≤1 year-old babies. Conclusions:Nutritional iron deficiency anemia in the main type of anemia among children in both areas. Compared with Shanghai, the incidence of anemia of children in Tibet was higher, which may be caused by different feeding habits, cultural level and economic income between different regions. It is imperative to establish and improve the management of pregnant and lying-in women in Tibet, and provide scientific feeding and healthy lifestyle.

Klebsiella pneumoniae can cause a variety of infectious diseases, especially in immunocompromised population. The emergence of multidrug-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae has greatly limited the choice of treatment for Klebsiella pneumoniae infection, and the exploration of new treatment strategies is imminent. In the process of infection, there is a complex interaction between the programmed cell death of host cells and the invasion of Klebsiella pneumoniae. This paper mainly reviewed the research progress in several mechanisms of programmed cell death such as pyroptosis, apoptosis, necroptosis and autophagy caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Objective To analyze probable risk factors to Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura (HSP) in Tibetan children so as to bring evidences for correct identification of high-risk children in plateau areas. Methods 140 high-altitude Tibetan children with HSP admitted to Shannan People's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region from October 2015 to October 2018 were enrolled, and 140 high-altitude Tibetan healthy children and 140 plain area HSP children were selected as the control. Gender, age, family history, allergy, past history (rheumatic disease, autoimmune disease, asthma), clinical phenotype, biochemical markers (antibody positive rate, platelet count and hemoglobin), clinical efficacy and recurrence were retrospective analyzed. The risk factors of HSP in the high-altitude Tibetan children were analyzed by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results It was shown by univariate analysis that the proportion of allergic history and past history of high-altitude HSP children was higher than those of high-altitude healthy children (allergic history: 35.7% vs. 11.4%, past history: 21.4% vs. 5.7%, both P < 0.05). Compared with plain area HSP children, the age of high-altitude HSP children was increased (years old: 6.5±2.3 vs. 5.3±2.2), the clinical phenotype was more complex (37.9% vs. 57.1% for simple skin and limb type, 21.4% vs. 14.3% for abdominal type, 28.6% vs. 21.4% for renal type, 7.1% vs. 5.0% for brain or lung type, 5.0% vs. 2.2% for complex type), the positive rate of antibody was increased (64.3% vs. 50.0%), platelet count was decreased (×109/L: 116.2±12.3 vs. 176.8±35.4), hemoglobin level was increased (g/L: 125.6±15.7 vs. 113.8±10.9), recurrence rate was lower (4.3% vs. 10.7%), and the difference was statistically significant (all P < 0.05). It was shown by multivariate Logistic regression analysis that age, allergic history and past history were independent risk factors for HSP in high-altitude Tibetan children [age: odds ratio (OR) = 1.263, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 1.063-1.968; allergic history: OR = 1.765, 95%CI = 1.326-2.452, past history: OR =1.421, 95%CI = 1.102-2.232, all P < 0.05]. Clinical phenotypic and biochemical indexes were important risk factors affecting the clinical efficacy of high-altitude Tibetan HSP children (non-simple skin and limb type: OR = 2.123, 95%CI =1.623-2.869; antibody positive: OR = 1.865, 95%CI = 1.502-2.768; both P < 0.05). Conclusions It is different of HSP occurrence in Tibetan children from plateau and plain areas. Attention should be paid to screening age, allergy history, past history, clinical phenotype, antibody positive and other high risk children. Early and effective intervention can improve clinical curative effect and reduce recurrence.

Background: Domestic yaks are the most important livestock species on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Adult female yaks normally breed in the warm season (July to September) and enter anestrous in the cold season (November to April). Nevertheless, it is unclear how ovarian activity is regulated at the molecular level. Objectives: The peculiarities of yak reproduction were assessed to explore the molecular mechanism of postpartum anestrus ovaries in yaks after pregnancy and parturition. Methods: Sixty female yaks with calves were observed under natural grazing in Haiyan County, Qinghai Province. Three yak ovaries in pregnancy and postpartum anestrus were collected. RNA sequencing and quantitative proteomics were employed to analyze the pregnancy and postpartum ovaries after hypothermia to identify the genes and proteins related to the postpartum ovarian cycle. Results: The results revealed 841 differentially expressed genes during the postpartum hypoestrus cycle; 347 were up-regulated and 494 genes were down-regulated. Fifty-seven differential proteins were screened: 38 were up-regulated and 19 were down-regulated. The differential genes and proteins were related to the yak reproduction process, rhythm process, progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation, PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and MAPK signaling pathway categories. Conclusions Transcriptome and proteomic sequencing approaches were used to investigate postpartum anestrus and pregnancy ovaries in yaks. The results confirmed that BHLHE40, SF1IX1, FBPX1, HSPCA, LHCGR, BMP15, and ET-1R could affect postpartum hypoestrus and control the state of estrus.

Objective:To report the clinical outcome of finger replantation in Tibetan plateau.Methods:From August, 2018 to August, 2019, a total of 12 patients with 15 amputed digits treated in the Department of Emergency of Lasa People’s Hospital. All these cases were performed replantation without exclusion, including 4 cases of machine-mangled injury, 3 cases of steel rope crushing injury, 4 cases of electric saw injury, and 1 case of rotation avulsed injury. Replantations were performed under microscope by a fresh team of microsurgery surgeons. Antibiotics, anticoagulants and vasodilators were prescribed postoperatively. Application of oxygen inhalation through nasal tube and warm room temperature were advised. Tabaco and coffin were strictly forbidden postoperatively. All patients were regular followed-up after operation.Results:Twelve out of total 15 amputed digits successfully replanted, 3 digits turned to necrosis eventually. The survival rate was 80% (12/15). All cases were followed up for 4-16 months. According to the Functional Evaluation Standard of Replantation by the Hand Surgery Society of Chinese Medical Association, the results were excellent in 3 digits, good in 7 digits, fair in 1 digit, poor in 4 digits. The excellent and good rate was 66.6%(10/15).Conclusion:In this group, the survival rate and excellent and good rate of finger replantation in Tibetan plateau is unexpected high. Thus, it is deducible that digit amputation can be successfully replanted with good functional result when meticulous microsurgical techniques are applied, although the unique adverse factors of Tibetan plateau exist.