Objective To analyze the drug resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from urinary tract infection and risk factors of quinolone resistance strains.Methods A total of 705 cases (strains) with Escherichia coli drug resistance isolated from urine specimens were divided into quinolone sensitive group [474 cases(strains)] and quinolone resistance group [231 cases(strains)].The risk factors of the quinolone resistance strains were analyzed.Results The sensitivity rate of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid,cefalotin,ceftazidime,aztreonam,piperacillin,amikacin,compound sulfamethoxazole,ciprofloxacin,gentamicin,levofloxacin,cefepime in quinolone resistance group was higher than that in quinolone sensitive group [50.2％(238/474) vs.78.8％(182/231),11.6％(55/474) vs.48.5％(112/231),17.9％(85/474) vs.63.2％(146/231),15.0％(71/474) vs.57.6％(133/231),3.2％(15/474) vs.27.7％(64/231),80.8％(383/474)vs.93.1％(215/231),16.0％(76/474) vs.49.8％(115/231),0 vs.100.0％(231/231),32.5％ (154/474)vs.70.6％ (163/231),3.8％ (18/474) vs.98.7％ (228/231),18.6％ (88/474) vs.63.2％ (146/231),P ＜0.05].Logistic regression analysis showed history of using the third generation cephalosporins and quinolones,urinary drainage and bacterium producing extra-broad spectrum beta-lactamase was independent risk factor for quinolone resistance Escherichia coli (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The epidemic of quinolone resistance Escherichia coli isolated from urine specimens is extremely serious.The quinolone resistance is strong,and infection patients have a high medical cost and average length of stay.The quinolone resistance Escherichia coli infection has multiple independent risk factors.To strengthen the control of the independent risk factors can effectively prevent quinolone resistance strains infection spread.

Objective To establish and apply the multiple probe RT-PCR analysis for H5N1 pathogen detection methods. Methods Used the gene sequences published in GenBank,which were designed and synthesized two pairs of specific primers (P1/P2,P3/P4)accorded the conserved regions.Through the optimization of amplification conditions to establish the rapid detection of two viruses duplex PCR method.Results The suitable primer concentration:P1/P2 was 0.32μmol/L,P3/P4 was 0.96μmol/L.The amount of the minimum virus nucleic acid was 2 ng/μl by the double detect,H5N1 pathogen mixed were occurred specific bands in the corresponding location,and other viruses and blank control strips had not bands.Conclu-sion A variety of probes for RT-PCR analysis H5N1 pathogen detection methods in a reasonable application of primer con-centration under has good sensitivity and specificity,and it is worth the inspection application.

ObjectiveTo study the effect of berberine on diabetes or insulin resistance accompanied with reduction of skeletal moscle and wasting in db/db mice.Methods db/db mouse-a model of diabetes/insulin-resistance was studied,with the wild type mouse as control.After being treated with berberine ( 5 mg · kg-1 · d-1 ) for 3 weeks,the muscle size of tibia anterior (TA) of the animals was measured after staining with laminine/Hyosin Heavy chain-Slow using immunochemistry,then observed under fluorescent microscope and calculated with software.The rate of [ 14 C ] -Phenalanine incorporation into the uuscle was measured to analyze the protein synthesis,and the [ 3 H ] -Tyrosine released into the medium was determined in order to analyze protein degradation.The mRNA expressions of muscle atrophy Fbox-1 ( Atrogin-1 ) and muscle ring finger-1 ( MuRF-1 ) were measured by Northern blot.Results With berberine treatment,blood glucose and fat levels were lowered [ ( 18.55 ± 3.79 vs 26.32 ± 4.02 ) mmol/L,P＜0.01 ; ( 2.75 ± 0.30 vs 3.77 ± 0.52 ) g,P＜0.05 ],but tibia anterior muscle weight/length ratio and cross-section area were decreased,rates of protein synthesis in isolated muscles of db/db mice were decreased by 18％ -22％,and the rates of degradation were significantly raised by 24％ -26％ after berberine treatment.There also was increased the transcription and translation of Atrogin-1 and MuRF-1,accompanied with decreased eukaryotic initiation factor 3 subunit (eIF3-f)protein level simultaneously. ConclusionBerberine improves hyperglycemia and insulin resistance by down-regulating blood sugar and body fat,but it causes reduced protein synthesis and minimally enhanced protein degradation.The mechanism might be related to berberine-induced up-regulating Atrogin-1 、MurF-1 and down-regulating eIF3-f.

To provide a reference basis for the structural design and optimization of endovascular stent by analyzing the flow resistance of the new stent with triangle cross-section using numerical simulation method, and finding out the stent structure which will influence hemodynamic parameters. Four kinds of models of the triangle cross-section bare stent were constructed in infinite flow field using solidworks software. Numerical simulations of the four models were performed respectively using ANSYS finite element software. Steady flows and transient flows in these models were studied. Hemodynamics data in the four models were collected, such as the flow patterns, the distribution of pressure and the flow resistance of the new stents. The stent with triangular wire cross-section can be applied to cover aneurysm cavity because that resistance of blood inflow to aneurysm was large and outflow from aneurysm was small. Thus, it was easy to outflow than inflow. Thereby blood perfusion and flow of aneurysm cavity was restrained, and the pressure of aneurysm cavity was reduced, which plays a certain effect on the treatment of aneurysm. This result provides some instructions for the design of stent structure.

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the application practice of PIVAS standardization in pharmacy intravenous admixture ser-vice(PIVAS)of our hospital. METHODS:Based on JCI,the design concept and management mode of PIVAS were analyzed and summarized from PIVAS design,management,job and medical order time arrangement,staff management,infusion quality or fault emergency plan,etc. RESULTS:After introducing JCI standards,the improvement was conducted in respects of management system and work flow design,purification system and logistics division design,information system design,etc. Working hour was arranged according to the workload or work flow and the actual needs of clinical departments. Medical orders,1 batch per hour,24 batches one day,were delivered to clinical departments according the time point. The positivity of the staff had been improved, and work quantization and performance appraisal had been achieved. Those improvement optimized drug dispensing process, cleared the responsibility of information management and guaranteed the quality of infusion. Work error analysis and summary were monthly conducted;the number of work error decreased from 562 cases before JCI introduction(2013)to 264 cases after JCI intro-duction (2014),decreasing by 112.87% annually. CONCLUSIONS:JCI standard is of significance to the promotion of PIVAS management,work level and quality,and safe and rational use of drugs in the clinic.

Objective To analyze the correlation between functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)in TYMS gene and the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)patients treated with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE).Methods Five functional SNPs in TYMS gene were genotyped in a cohort of 41 9 unresectable Chinese HCC patients treated with TACE and prognosis analysis was performed.Results No SNP significantly associated with OS of HCC,but in patients with only TACE treat-ment,SNPs rs523230 exhibited significant associations with death risk in HCC patients under the additive model.Patients over 60 years old,SNP rs9967368 exhibited significant associations with death risk in HCC patients under the recessive model.Conclusion Genetic variations in TYMS gene may be a potential biomarker for predicting clinical outcome of HCC patients treated with TACE.

Objective To investigate the surgical procedures for chronic pancreatitis associated with pancreatic duct stones.Methods The clinical data of 17 cases of chronic pancreatitis with pancreatic duct stones surgically treated were analyzed retrospectively.Results Of the 17 cases,13 had pancreatic duct stones in the head of the pancreas.4 had pancreaticolithiasis in the body and tail of the pancreas,six had additional choledocholithiasis.Surgical treatments included Roux-en-Y anastomosis of the pancreatic duct and jejunum in 6 cases(Partington procedure),anastomosis of pancreatic duct and stomach in 4 cases (Warren procedure).subtotal resection of the head of the pancreas with duodenal preservation in 3 cases (Beger's procedure).removal of the tail of pancreas with Roux-en-Y anastomosis of the distal pancreatic end to the iejunum in 3 cases(Duval's procedure),removal of the tail of pancreas and spleen with a Roux-en-Y anastomosis of the distal pancreatic end to ieiunum in 1 case.All 17 patients were cured,with complete relief of intractable abdominal pain in 15 cases.blood glucose was under eontrol in two out of six diabetics.Two cases suffered from postoperative pancreatic fistula.one patient died of pancreatic cancer 11 months after operation.Conclusion For patients with chronic pancreatitis and pancreaticolithiasis.surgical treatment should be highly individualized.We suggest drainage procedures for patients with dilatation of the pancreatic duct.Patients with no dilatation of the pancreatic duct and those with suspected carcinoma can be treated by partial pancreatectomy and Roux-en-Y pancreaticojejunostomy.Meanwhile effort must be applied to preserve the exocnne and endocrine pancreatic function vital for the patient's quality of life.

Objective To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of various immuno-diagnostic systems for trichinosis and to find out the best testing system with low cost and high effectiveness.Methods The basic methods for the research are to difine and classify the direct and indirect cost for each testing system, and to identify a cost-effective testing system which would be practical and workable in case finding and/or mass survey. The data collected were analysed with parameters which are as follows: (1) the parameter of cost effectiveness expressed by cost/one sample in a given test that is unit cost. (2) the parameters of cost effectiveness: (a) for finding patients: cost/positive rate; (b) for examination carried out in normal individuals: cost/(100%-positive rate); (c) for the result of cross reaction: cost/(100%-cross reaction rate).Results Among the costs for detecting antibodies,the total costs vary from 98.06 yuan to 193.15 yuan. F-ELISA is the cheapest test. The unit cost for the five studied testing systems is ranging from 3.98 yuan to 4.22 yuan. According to the cost, the recommended order would be: F-ELISA, SPA-ELISA, ELISA, Western blot and IIP.Using the value of cost/effectiveness in analysis of the cost and comparing the results of detecting the positive cases ,the normal persons and cross reaction. The final results show that the methods for detecting antibodies are not only cheap but also practical and the preference for selection would be F-ELISA, ELISA and SPA-ELISA. The best method for detecting antigens is F-PcAb.Conclusions When these methods are used in practice, we suggest that F-ELISA should be the best method for choice in screening, when the result is positive, F-PcAb may be used for confirmation and can obtain a correct diagnosis.

By combing out the historical development logic of sports and health integration and the current development achievement, the underlying logic of sports and health integration is described systematically in multiple dimensions, and the prominent dilemmas in development are analyzed as follows: lack of residents' health literacy, excessive dependence on medical treatment, low bridging of talent team construction, lack of the guidance of funds centralization, insufficient financial support, imperfect management system and mechanism, and unspecific departmental collaboration.The strategies for solving the problems are as follows: strengthening the integration of sports science and clinical medicine, consolidating the technical integration of sports prescription and clinical standardization process, further improving the business integration of exercise intervention and clinical treatment, and enhancing the industrial integration of sports products and medical treatment.

Objective To investigate the dynamic changes of three types of anti-poliovirus neutralizing antibodies and anti-hepatitis A virus (HAV) IgG antibody in children who were immunized with inactivated enterovirus 71 (EV71) vaccine (human diploid cell).Methods Serum samples were collected from the subjects immunized with inactivated EV71 vaccine.Neutralizing antibodies against EV71 and poliovirus were detected by micro-cytopathic effect neutralization test.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect IgG antibody against HAV.Results The geometric mean titers (GMTs) of anti-EV71 neutralizing antibody increased to 4.85 following the first-dose injection of inactivated EV71 vaccine.A significant increase of GMTs (up to 64.37) could be observed 28 days after the second-dose vaccination.Meanwhile, results of the dynamic monitor showed that there were slight fluctuations in the neutralizing antibodies against three types of poliovirus on day 28 (28 days after the first-dose vaccination) compared with those on day 0 (before vaccination) (P<0.05);types Ⅰ and Ⅲ anti-poliovirus neutralizing antibodies on day 56 (28 days after the second-dose vaccination) remained slightly different from those on day 0 (P<0.05), but type Ⅱ anti-poliovirus neutralizing antibody on day 56 had restored to normal level (P>0.05).The level of anti-HAV IgG antibody was stable and no significant difference was found during the observation period (P>0.05).Conclusion This study shows that inactivated EV71 vaccine has no impact on anti-HAV IgG antibody in Children during the two-dose vaccination and in anti-EV71 antibody-producing period, but has slight influence on the anti-poliovirus antibodies.In general, changes in antibody profile do not affect the clinical efficacy of immune response.