Objective: To evaluate the project performance of public health service system in rural areas during the implementation of China Rural Health Project ( hereinafter referred to asHealth XI Project) . Methods: In this paper, all 40 counties covered by the Health XI Project are selected as case study. This paper uses the performance evaluation index system for rural public health system developed for the project and continuously collect input and out-put indexes between 2008 and 2013 in order to conduct a comprehensive analysis and evaluation. Results: During the implementation of the Health XI Project, the inputs and outputs of the rural public health service system had gradual-ly increased in all the countries covered by the project. The score for inputs and outputs increased from 22. 73 and 39. 05 in 2008 to 32. 62 and 57. 60 in 2013, with a growth rate of 43. 15% and 47. 50%, respectively. The input scores significantly grew faster than output scores in some provinces. The input-output ratio increased from 1. 72 to 1. 77, with slight fluctuations between different years. Conclusion: The application of the performance evaluation index system for public health service system in monitoring project implementation process can help to timely discover the weak links associated with the implementation of rural public health service system, and thus take effective measures to promote the improvement of the system. . When increasing investment in public health, how to efficiently use re-sources and improve the service effectiveness is still an urgent problem.

This article is mainly about the application status and current problems of multimedia technology in experiment teaching of human parasitology. It also discusses how to improve the application of multimedia technology in experiment teaching of human parasitology. Several aspects were discussed, such as discussion about cases, construction and application of multimedia resource database and abundant living teaching.

OBJECTIVE To investigate and analyze the pathogenic bacteria of burn infection and their drug resistance in recent 5 years from 2001.METHODS The patients were divided into two groups.The group 1 included patients from Jun 1996 to May 2001 and the group 2 was from Jun 2001 to Jun 2006.Burn wound bacteria were cultured,and identified and their drug sensitivity was analyzed.RESULTS In burn wound culture,in group 2 Pseudomonas aeruginosa with the rate of 30% was still in the 1st place.Staphylococcus aureus was in the 2nd place with the rate of 28.2%.The G-bacilli comprised 58.2% and the G+ cocci 40.3 %.Proteus mirabilis,Acinetobacter baumannii,Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans increased remarkably.The drug resistant percentage of P.aeruginosa,Enterobacter cloacae and Escherichia coli to third generation cephalosporin increased greatly.CONCLUSIONS The changes of pathogenic bacteria of burn infection and bacteria drug resistance have certain relations with the wide usage of broad spectum antibiotics such as cephalosporin and imipenem.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of autologous transplantation of spleen on rat liver cancer induced by DEN. Methods Forty rats were randomly divided into A and B group on average. Total spleens of 40 rats were resected, which preserved in liquid nitrogen. All splenectomy rats were feeded with DEN to induce hepatocellular carcinoma. After 12 weeks ,all rats which had were successfully induced liver cancer were transplanted by autologous spleen in group A. Group B were sham operation as control. Results Survival period was significantly higher in group A than that in group B. But transplanted splenic tissue had not recovered to normal morphological structure until these rats died. Conclusion Autologous transplantation of spleen has therapeutic effect for liver cancer induced by DEN.

OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the effectiveness and safety of olanzapine in the prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting(CINV),and provide evidence-based reference for clinical treatment. METHODS:Re-trieved from Medline,PubMed,EMBase,Cochrane Library,Clinical Trials.gov,CBM,CJFD,VIP and Wanfang Database,ran-domized controlled trials (RCT) about olanzapine (test group) versus other drugs or conventional antiemetic regimen (control group)in the prevention and treatment of CINV were collected,Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.3 software after data extraction and quality evaluation by modified Jadad. RESULTS:Totally 19 RCTs were included,involving 1 794 patients. Re-sults of Meta-analysis showed,olanzapine can significantly improve the complete control rate of patients with acute CINV [RR=1.12,95%CI(1.06,1.18),P<0.001],delayed CINV[RR=1.26,95%CI(1.14,1.39),P<0.001],overall CINV [RR=1.62,95%CI (1.32,1.99),P<0.001] and breakthrough CINV[RR=2.05,95%CI(1.47,2.86),P<0.001],there were significant differences be-tween 2 groups;there were no significant differences in the incidence of tiredness,dizziness,lethargy and constipation(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Olanzapine is safe and effective in the prevention and treatment of CINV and can be recommended in treating breakthrough and refractory CINV. Besides,olanzapine in the prevention and treatment of CINV belongs to“off-label use”,so the clinicians should have a comprehensive consideration of chemotherapy and patients’consent.

Objective To analyze the effect of different treatment conditions on cells synchronization in G0/G1 phase to get the best con-dition, and to explore its effect on neural differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) induced by basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). Methods BMSCs were isolated and cultured in 5%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.1%, 0 fetal bovine serum (FBS) respectively, for 24 hours and 48 hours. After PI staining, cell cycle proportions of each phase were detected by flow cytometry, and were compared with the normal group (10%FBS). After the optimal treatment condition was got, 20 ng/ml bFGF was added into synchronization group and unsyn-chronization group 3 days and 7 days, respectively. The expression of Nestin and Tuj-1 were detected with immunofluorescence. Results Adult rat BMSCs were isolated from bone marrow and cultured, after passage, the cells were with long spindle shape. Compared with the normal group, the cell proportion of G1/G0 phase increased under different treatments, peaked with (94.274 ± 0.468)%under 1%FBS, 48 hours (F=39.91, P<0.001). After bFGF induction for 3 days, the Nestin+cell number was higher in the synchronization group than in the un-synchronization group [(80.3 ± 2.4)%vs. (12.1 ± 1.5)%] (F=28.25, P<0.001). After bFGF induction for 7 days, the Tuj-1+cell number was higher in the synchronization group than in the unsynchronization group [(74.8±3.2%)%vs. (19.3±2.5)%] (F=17.95, P<0.001). Conclusion 1%FBS, 48 hours is the optimal condition to BMSCs synchronization in G0/G1 phase, which can promote the neural differentiation of BM-SCs.

Objective To explore pathological characteristics of different white matter tracts at core of the spinal cord injury (SCI) in adult rats. Methods 21 adult female Wistar rats were divided into normal group (n=3), sham group (n=3) and lesion group (n=15). The rats of the lesion group were severely injured at T7-8 using the NYU impactor of 10 g×50 mm. The pathology of spinal cord injury was detected using Luxol fast blue (LFB) staining and NF200 immunohistochemistry staining 1 day, 3 days, 7 days, 14 days and 28 days after injury, while the hindlimbs behavior of rats was rated with Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) scores of open-field. Results The BBB scores recovered 3 days after injury and reached a platform from 14 to 28 days after injury. LFB showed that there were spared white matters on ventral white matter (VWM) and lateral white matter (LWM). The percentage of spared white matters area decreased to the lowest 3 days after injury, and reached a platform from 7 to 28 days after injury. The number of NF200-IR axons reduced significantly in white matter tracts after SCI. Conclusion Ventral spared white matters plays a key role in the recovery of motor function in rat with SCI, and the first 3 days was a time window to protect the white matters from injury.

ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy and safety of sequential intravenous moxifloxacin treatment against cefoperazone/sulbactam in patients with acute biliary tract infection. MethodsA prospective, randomized, non-blind, multi-centric study was performed to compare the efficacy and safety of moxifloxacin 400 mg Ⅳ once daily to cefoperazone-sulbactam (2 g q12 hours) and metronidazole 250 ml once daily to treat patients, from March- December 2009 in 13 hospitals, with acute biliary tract infection.The primary efficacy variable was clinical cure rate after the end of a 5 - 14 day treatment period,bacteriologic outcomes and adverse reaction effects were also determined.ResultsA total of 319 subjects were enrolled, 282 of whom were eligible for protocol efficacy analyses ( 138 moxifloxacin, 144 comparator).Demographic and baseline medical characteristics were similar between the 2 groups. Clinical success rates were 86.2％ for moxifloxacin and 84. 7％ for the comparator(P =0. 7192). Pathogens (55 moxifloxacin, 61 comparator) were isolated from bile or blood cultures and the predominant strains were E. coli, Klebsiella species and Enterococcus species. Bacterial eradication rates were 85.4％ ( 37 of 55 ) with moxifloxacin versus 82. 0％ (50 of 61 ) in the comparator group ( x2 = 0. 2568, P = 0. 6123 ). Both treatments were safe and well tolerated. ConclusionsE. coli, Klebsiella species and Enterococcus species were the most common bacteria isolated from bile or blood from patients with acute biliary tract infection. Moxifloxacin monotherapy has high clinical and bacteriological efficacies and safety for the treatment of acute biliary tract infection.

Poly (propylene fumarate) is an unsaturated linear polyester, which degrades, in the presence of water, into propylene glycol and fumaric acid, and the degradation products can be cleared from the human body by normal metabolic processes. In this paper, different methods of the synthesis of PPF are listed, the crosslinking characteristics of polymerizing composite as well as the mechanical properties of cross-linked composite are discussed, and the potentialities of PPF composite used as particularly degradable polymeric cement for orthopedic application are reviewed.
Biocompatible Materials ; chemical synthesis ; Biodegradation, Environmental ; Cross-Linking Reagents ; chemical synthesis ; Fumarates ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Humans ; Polypropylenes ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry