Objective To investigate the changes in platele aciveation in terms of platelet fibrinogen receptor expression(PAC-1),P-selectin(CD62P),Thromboxane B2(TXB2),Endothlin(ET-1),Fibrinogen(FIB)in patients undergoing elective Sirolimus-eluting stents implantation and dual anti-platelet therapy.Methods Forty in-hospital patients with stable coronary heart disease(CHD)were enrolled in this study.Dural anti-platelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel were prescribed at least three days before operation to achieve sufficient inhibition of platelet activation in all patients.Peripheral artery blood samples were collected before the procedures,immediately and at 6 hours and 24 hours after the procedure,levels of PAC-1,CD62P,TXB2,ET-1 and FIB were measured.All patients were followed up for 6-12 months.Results Expression of PAC-1 and CD62P was increased significantly after stenting compared with pre-stenting and the peak appeared at 6 hours post-operation(PAC-1,P=0.001,CD62P,P=0.007,PAC1+CD62P,P=0.003).TXB2 was also increased and the peak appeared at 24 hours post operation(P=0.021).Plasma levels of ET-1 and FIB showed no difference before and after stenting.After CAG,expression of PAC-1 and CD62P,levels of TXB2,ET-1 and FIB had no significant differences compared with pre-CAG.No MACE happened in all patients.Conclusion The routine dual anti-platelet therapy cannot suppress platelet activation after elective coronary Sirolimus-eluting stents implantation.Plasma FIB and ET-1 levels were not affected by stents implantation.

ObjectiveTo study the cardioprotective effects of ischemic post-conditioning on elderly patients with ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEM1).MethodsConsecutive 215 patients with STEMI undergoing emergency percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) were randomly assignedto receive ischemicpost-conditioningorconventional PCItreatment.The ischemic postconditioning (n=38) were conducted by 3 episodes of 30-second occlusion followed by 30-second reperfusion, while the control group (n= 46) was without any intervention after PCI.Reperfusion arrhythmias, corrected TIMI frame count (cTFC) and TIMI myocardial perfusion grade (TMPG)were compared between the two groups, respectively.Results The incidence of reperfusion arrythmias was less frequent in ischemic postconditioning group (21.1％ ,8/38) than in control group (45.7％ ,21/46) after PCI (x2 = 5.571, P＜0.05). The TIMI grade 3 flow was similar between two groups [(94.7％(36/38) vs. 82.6％( 38/46), x2= 2.919, P＞0.05], the cTFC levels (23.6±3.7vs. 26.1 ±5.9) and TMPG 3 perfusion [ 89.5％ (34/38) vs.69.6％ (32/46)] were significantly different (t= 5.434, P＜0.05; x2 = 4.899, P＜0.05, respectively) between two groups.ConclusionsIschemic postconditioning may reduce myocardial reperfusion injury in elderly patients with STEMI undergoing emergent PCI.

BACKGROUND:Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) show strong antibacterial effect and are not easy to have drug resistance. But the antibacterial mechanisms of AgNPs have not been wel developed.
OBJECTIVE:To explain the antibacterial mechanisms of AgNPs.
METHODS:We investigated the influence of Ti, TiO2 and TiO2 containing AgNPs onEscherichia coliand Staphylococcus aureus by bacterial inhibition ring test. Escherichia coli was cultured in LB liquid medium with 0, 5, 10 mg/L AgNPs. We measured the absorbance value of bacterial culture. DNA gel electrophoresis was used to study the effect of AgNPs onEscherichia coliDNA. Then we researched the character of apoptosis on Escherichia coli by Annexin V and PI staining, using flow cytometry.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The inhibiting effect of Ti and TiO2 onEscherichia coliandStaphylococcus aureus was not obvious. But the inhibition rings of TiO2 containing AgNPs to bacteria appeared. The absorbance value of Escherichia coliculture was reduced whenEscherichia coliwas co-cultured with AgNPs. And this decrease tendency was in direct proportion with AgNPs concentration. AgNPs reduced the amount of DNA of Escherichia coli and this tendency was directly proportional with AgNPs concentration. TheEscherichia coli apoptosis rate induced by AgNPs was increased and this tendency was positively correlated to the AgNPs concentration. These results indicate that AgNPs can induce bacterial apoptosis to influence the growth of bacteria.

Objective To explore the curative effect of tirofiban treatment on high-risk acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in elderly patients receiving an early percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) treatment. Methods The 162 elderly cases including unstable angina pectoris and non-ST -segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) undergoing early PCI were enrolled in this study.And they were assigned to early treatment group (n=82) and deferred selective group (n=80)according to the time of using tirofiban (Gp Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a inhibitor) treatment. The effectiveness of either strategic option on tissue-level perfusion was evaluated using the TIMI myocardial perfusion grade (TMPG) before and immediately after PCI. The corrected TIMI frame count (cTFC) was also used to assess coronary artery flow and myocardial perfusion. Bleeding complications and the composite end point events at 30 days were also evaluated. Results Of all the 162 patients, the TMPG 0-1 perfusion was observed in 65 patients (40.1%). The TMPG 0-1 perfusion was significantly less frequent in early treatment group (32.9%) than in deferred selective group (47.5%) before PCI (x2=3.58, P＜0.05); while the results of TIMI grade 0-1 flow (26.8% vs. 25.0%) and cTFC levels (34.2±11.8 vs. 34. 9±12. 7) before PCI were similar between the two groups (x2 =0. 07, P=0.47; t= 0.13, P=0.71, respectively). No differences were seen both in composite end point events at 30 days and bleeding complications (x2 = 0.31, P＞0.05; x2=0.004, P＞0. 05). Conclusions High -risk ACS patients treated with an early invasive strategy, routine upstream use of tirofiban are associated with improved tissue-level perfusion before PCI and does not increase bleeding complications when bleeding risks are carefully evaluated before enrollment.

Objective To observe the curative effect of botulinum toxin A on masseter hypertrophy using three-dimensional stereophotogrammetry.Methods 46 cases with masseter hypertrophy (92 masseters) who received botulinum toxin A injection were enrolled from May 2013 to August 2014.Data were collected before and 3,6 and 9 months after injection.Results The efficacy of botulinum toxin A in reducing the volume of the lower face has been proven by MAS 3D.3 and 6 months after injection,the volume reduction were measured as 7.23 ％,2.15％ respectively (P ＜ 0.05).The coefficients between middle and lower thirds of the face showed an increase compatible with thinning of the lower face with statistical significance at 3 months follow up.The increase percentage was measured by MAS 3D as 40.21％ between pre-and post-injection (P ＜ 0.05),and the increase percentage was 21.03％ at 6 months follow up (P ＜ 0.05).While 9 months after injection,the value was insignificant comparing to pretreatment at 9 months.Conclusions Three-dimensional stereophotogrammetry provides a safe effective and direct way to observe masseter hypertrophy.

Objective To observe the curative effect of botulinum toxin A on masseter hypertrophy using three-dimensional stereophotogrammetry.Methods 46 cases with masseter hypertrophy (92 masseters) who received botulinum toxin A injection were enrolled from May 2013 to August 2014.Data were collected before and 3,6 and 9 months after injection.Results The efficacy of botulinum toxin A in reducing the volume of the lower face has been proven by MAS 3D.3 and 6 months after injection,the volume reduction were measured as 7.23 ％,2.15％ respectively (P ＜ 0.05).The coefficients between middle and lower thirds of the face showed an increase compatible with thinning of the lower face with statistical significance at 3 months follow up.The increase percentage was measured by MAS 3D as 40.21％ between pre-and post-injection (P ＜ 0.05),and the increase percentage was 21.03％ at 6 months follow up (P ＜ 0.05).While 9 months after injection,the value was insignificant comparing to pretreatment at 9 months.Conclusions Three-dimensional stereophotogrammetry provides a safe effective and direct way to observe masseter hypertrophy.

OBJECTIVETo investigate hydroxyproline tolerance of Chrysanthemum morifolium plantlets included " Boju", "Huaiju", "Chuju", "Gongju" and "Hangju",and provide references basis for excellent cultivar and breeding of Ch. morifolium.

METHODPlantlets in vitro from five kinds of Ch. morifolium were inoculated on medium added with different concentrations of hydroxyproline. Free proline in leaves from plantlets was determined, then the damage index and survival rate were compared.

RESULT AND CONCLUSIONThe results showed that hydroxyproline tolerance of " Boju" and "Huaiju" were superior, the survival rates and free proline of them were higher, but the damage index was inferior. The hydroxyproline tolerance of "Hangju" was the worst, and the survival rate was minimum. The survival rate of "Chuju" and "Gongju" was between "Boju" and " Hangju", and the hydroxyproline tolerance of them was also medium.

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of social isolation on the cognition and expression of 5-HT2C receptor(5-HT2CR) and adenosine deaminase that act on RNA 1(ADAR1) in BALB/c mice.MethodsThe healthy BALB/c mice were isolated for 2,4,and 8 weeks individually since postnatal 21 days respectively to set up isolation mice model,the same age mice without isolation were regarded as control group.The new object location and the new object recognition tests were used to measure the spatial and non-spatial cognitive function,and western blot was used to measure the protein expression of 5-HT2CR and ADAR1.ResultsThe new object location test showed that the spatial discrimination index (DI) of BALB/c mice isolated for 2 weeks was decreased significantly compared with the control group(control group was (0.075±0.340),isolation group was (-0.653±0.308),P<0.05),and no obvious difference was found for the group isolated for 4 and 8 weeks.The new object recognition test showed that the non-spatial DI of BALB/c mice isolated for 2 and 4 weeks were decreased significantly compared with the control group(control 2 weeks group was (0.088±0.210),isolation 2 weeks group was (-0.945±0.194),P<0.05;control 4 weeks group was (0.105±0.267),isolation 4 weeks group was (-0.506±0.215),P<0.05),and no obvious difference was found for the group isolated for 8 weeks.Compared with the control group the expression of 5-HT2CR and ADAR1 in the hippocampus were decreased significantly for the group isolated for 2 weeks.(5-HT2CR:control group was (1.025±0.144),isolation group was (0.891±0.026),P<0.05.ADAR1: control group was (0.839±0.120),isolation group was (0.629±0.094),P<0.05).ConclusionsTwo week social isolation results in the decrease of spatial and non-spatial cognitive function in BALB/c mice,in the meanwhile,social isolation stress results in the obvious decrease of 5-HT2C receptor and ADAR1 protein expression in the hippocampus of BALB/c mice.

Objective To explore the effect of depression on loneliness in medical students',and the mediating effects of introverted personality and social support.Methods EPQ,UCLA,SSRS,and POMS questionnaire were used,and surveyed data was collected from Dalian Medical University medical students.Results The scores of depressive mood,introverted personality,social support and loneliness were (17.77±4.45),(11.97±5.21),(34.52±6.15) and (38.02±6.36).Depression was positively related to loneliness and introverted personality (r=0.286,0.508,P＜0.01),and social support was negatively related to loneliness (r =-0.443,P＜0.01).Introverted personality was positively related to loneliness(r=0.401,P＜0.01).The total effect value was 0.670.The mediating effect of introversion as mediator variable was 0.221,accounting for 33％ of the total effect.Social support as intermediary variable,intermediary effect value was 0.449,accounting for 67％ of the total effect.Standard value of mediating effect between depression and introverted personality showed as 0.508 (95％CI=0.475-0.725,P＜0.0i),standard value of mediating effect between depression and social support showed as-0.150 (95％CI=0.989-1.469,P＜0.01),introverted personality was the mediating variant of depression and loneliness,standard value of mediating effect was 0.156 (95％ CI=0.080-0.232,P＜0.01),social support was the mediating variant of depression and loneliness,standard value of mediating effect was 0.317 (95％ CI=0.177-0.457,P＜0.01).Conclusions Introverted personality and social support play an intermediary role between depression and loneliness.

Objective To explore the effects of ADAR1 inducer and inhibitor on cognition and ADAR1 expression of isolated BALB/c mice.Methods Sixty healthy BALB/c mice were divided into 6 groups according to randomized design with 10 animals each group,the gregarious control group (GH),social isolation model group (SI),ADAR1 inducer treated gregarious group (GH+IFN-γ),ADAR1 inhibitor treated gregarious group (GH+EHNA),ADAR1 inducer treated isolation group (SI+IFN-γ) and ADAR1 inhibitor treated isolation group (SI+EHNA).Mice in drug treatment groups were treated with ADAR1 inducer (5.0? 104 U/kg,20 ml/kg,ip) and inhibitor (10 mg/kg,20 ml/kg,ip).Objection recognition test was used to measure cognition.Immunohistochenmistry was used to measure ADARI immunoreactivity and Western blotwas used to measure ADAR1 protein expression.Results In the objection recognition test,the non-spatial discrimination index of mice in SI group (-0.16±0.09) was significantly lower than that of GH group (0.41 ±0.17,P＜0.01),the non-spatial discrimination index of mice in SI+IFN-γ group (0.20±0.09) and in SI+ EHNA group (-0.29±0.12) was higher (P＜0.01) and lower (P＜0.05) than that of the SI group respectively.The immunohistochemistry results showed that the ADAR1 immunoreactivity in hippocampus of mice in SI group (Hilus:(0.013±0.003),CAI:(0.021±0.005)) decreased significantly compared to those of GH group(Hilus:(0.021 ±0.002),(0.047±0.004);both P＜0.05).And GH+IFN-γgroup mice showed increased ADAR1 immunoreactivity obviously in Hilus ((0.013±0.003) vs (0.023±0.004),P＜0.01) and in CA1 ((0.021±0.005) vs (0.040±0.005),P＜0.01) compared with that of SI group,ADAR1 inducer recovered the above abnornal ADAR1 immunoreactivity.Western blot results showed that the ADAR1 protein expression of mice in SI group (0.48 ±0.07) in hippocampus was significantly decreased (P＜0.01) compared to that of GH group (1.00 ±0.00).The level of ADAR1 protein in SI+IFN-γgroup(0.82 ±0.04) increased compared with that of SI group.Conclusions Four weeks of social isolation can reduce the non-spatial cognitive ability of BALB/c mice and decrease the expression of ADAR1 in the hippocampus.The ADAR1 inducers and inhibitors can reverse and aggravate the cognitive impairment caused by social isolation respectively.The related mechanisms may be related to the expression of ADAR1.