Objective To study the diagnostic value of mammography and high-frequency ultrasound in diagnosis of early breast carcinoma.Methods Sixty-five female patients with breast carcinoma were all confirmed by surgery and pathological examinations. All the patients were examined by the high-frequency ultrasound as well as mammography.Results The positive diagnostic rate,the display of tumor shadow and malignant microcalcification with high-frequency ultrasound and mammography were as follows :64.6%(42/65)and 46%(30/ 65),62%(40/65)and 20%(13/65),40%(26/65)and 20%(13/65)respectively. The difference was considered statistically significant(P

AIM:To investigate the inhibitory effect of aliskiren on the angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells ( HUVECs) induced by lipopolysaccharide ( LPS) and to explore its possible mechanism.METHODS:HUVECs were cultured and randomly divided into blank group and renin group.The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in the culture supernatant were detected by ELISA.The protein levels of Toll-like receptor 4 ( TLR4) and ICAM-1 in the HUVECs were determined by Western blot.HUVECs were cul-tured and randomly divided into control group, LPS group, low-dose (1μmol/L) aliskiren group, middle-dose (10μmol/L) aliskiren group and high-dose (100 μmol/L) aliskiren group.The proliferation of HUVECs was detected by MTT and BrdU assays.The mobility of HUVECs was measured by Transwell assay.The formation of the vessels was judged by ob-serving the formation of the luminal structure by HUVECs in Matrigel.The levels of TNF-α, ICAM-1 and monocyte chemo-tactic protein 1 ( MCP-1) in the culture supernatant were measured by ELISA.The expression of renin, TLR4, matrix me-talloproteinases-2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) at mRNA and protein levels in the HUVECs was determined by RT-PCR and Western blot.RESULTS:Renin stimulated the expression of inflammatory factors and TLR4 in the HUVECs.Aliskiren inhibited the growth, migration and angiogenesis of HUVECs in a dose-dependent manner, de-creased the levels of TNF-α, ICAM-1 and MCP-1 and the expression of renin, MMP-2 and MMP-9, and inhibited TLR4 expression (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Aliskiren inhibits LPS-induced angiogenesis of HUVECs, which may be related to the down-regulation of renin expression, the inhibition of TLR4-mediated inflammatory reaction, and the formation of MMP-9 and MMP-2.

Objective To study the relationship between red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and the malignant arrhythmia event of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) during hospitalization. Methods A retrospective study was conducted. The clinical data of patients with CHF admitted to Department of Emergency and Cardiology of Peking University Third Hospital from January 2014 to February 2016 were reviewed. The patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ at hospital admission and courses lasted at least six months were enrolled. The patients were divided into two groups according to malignant arrhythmia events (ventricular tachycardia, ventricular flutter or ventricular fibrillation) during hospitalization, i.e. malignant arrhythmia group and non-malignant arrhythmia group. The value of RDW and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were compared between two groups, and correlation of RDW, LVEF and malignant arrhythmia events by Spearman rank correlation analysis were studied, and the predictive value of RDW and LVEF for malignant arrhythmia events in patients with CHF was analyzed with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results A total of 226 CHF patients were enrolled with 148 male and 78 female, the average age was (61.52±13.27) years old (range: 26-91 years old), the average hospitalization days were (14.5±3.5) days (range: 14-21 days), and malignant arrhythmia occurred in 102 patients (45.13%) during hospitalization. There were no statistically differences in gender, age, past history, etiology of heart disease, the usage of angiotensin receptor converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or angiotensin Ⅱ receptor inhibitors (ARB) and beta blockers, serum potassium levels and so on between two groups. Compared with non-malignant arrhythmia group, the value of the RDW was significantly increased in malignant arrhythmia group [(13.28±1.07)% vs. (12.87±1.32)%, t = 2.531, P = 0.012], but the levels of LVEF was significantly reduced (0.425±0.116 vs. 0.458±0.104, t = 2.249, P = 0.026), the proportion of patients with NYHA Class Ⅱ was significantly lower (4.90% vs. 19.35%, χ2= 10.451, P = 0.000) and that of NYHA Class Ⅳ was just the opposite (57.84% vs. 41.13%, χ2 = 6.264, P = 0.011). The value of the RDW showed positively correlation with the malignant arrhythmia events (r = 0.758, P = 0.023), while LVEF was negatively correlated (r = -0.719, P = 0.019). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for predicting the malignant arrhythmia events of RDW and LVEF was 0.882 [95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 0.839-0.925), 0.903 (95%CI = 0.866-0.941), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity for RDW in predicting in-hospital malignant arrhythmia event respectively were 82.0% and 79.0% with the optimal cut-off of 14.20%, and those for LVEF were 78.0% and 85.0% with the optimal cut-off of 0.375. Conclusion RDW can be used to predict the occurrence of malignant arrhythmia in patients with CHF during hospitalization.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between positive rate of thyroid autoantibodies in healthy people and thy -roid dysfunction.Methods:Fasting blood from 3218 healthy examined people in Cangzhou were collected and the serum was separa -ted.Automatic electrochemiluminescence immunoassay systems and reagents were used to determine the concentration of thyroid stimu -lating hormone(TSH),free triiodothyroninthyroid(FT3),free thyroxine(FT4),peroxidase antibody(TPOAb)and thyroglobulin antibody ( TgAb ) .TPOAb>34 U/ml and TgAb>115 U/ml was positives.Statistical analysis of test results .statistica analysis of test reults.Results:The positive rate of thyroid autoantibodies of tested population was 16.19%.The positive rates of TPOAb and TgAb were 14.57%,12.74%separately.The detection rate of TPOAb and TgAb was 11.12%in tested population.The positive rate of TPO-Ab and TgAb and TPOAb+TgAb were 6.92%,5.68%,5.03%separately in 1532 male subjects and were 21.53%,19.16 ,16.67%separately in 1686 female subjects,which were significantly higher in female group than that in male group (P<0.001).They gradually increased with age and reached a peak above 70 years old in female group and in 50-59 in male group.The positive rate and OR of thy-roid autoantibodies in hyperthyroidism and subclinical hyperthyroidism and in hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism and in hy -pothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism were statistically significant .Conclusion:The positive incidence of thyroid autoantibodies is higher in healthy people of Cangzhou .It is essential to follow-up these people of normal thyroid function with positive autoantibodies in order to facilitate prevention and early diagnosis and treatment of thyroid disease .

Reduced responsiveness to reward stimuli is a central feature of major depressive disorder (MDD). Study on the changes of neural substrates and behavior contributes to understand the mechanism of MDD. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has the unique advantage of investigating reward processing, which is of importance in the brain imaging study. The progresses of event-related fMRI (ER-fMRI) in field of rewarding stimuli in major depressive disorder were reviewed in this article.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of dxamethasone (DEX) on the expression of Tregs in allergic rhinitis (AR) mice, and explore the mechanism of glucocorticoid in the treatment of AR. METHOD: AR murine model was established by sensitization and challenge with OVA, besides intervention treatment with DEX was carried out in AR model. The behavior observation was used to evaluate the improvement effect of DEX on AR symptoms. The morphological characteristics of nasal tissues were observed by HE staining after fixation and decalcification. The mononuclear cells were obtained by grinding spleens, and the total RNA was extracted for reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction to investigate the level of mRNA expression of Foxp3. The changes of CD4+ Foxp3+ Tcells in spleen of mice were analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULT: BALB/c mice received OVA sensitization followed by OVA intranasal challenge, the frequencies of sneezing and nose-scratching increased significantly in AR group (44. 50 ± 5. 61 and 72. 94 ± 8. 76) compared with control group (12. 68 ± 1. 87 and 26. 76 ± .2. 89), P<0. 01; The frequencies decreased significantly in DEX group (26. 04 ± 3. 93 and 56. 79 ± 5. 64), P< 0. 05 compared with AR group. The continuity of nasal mucosa ciliated columnar epithelium in AR group was destroyed and appeared to be repaired in DEX group. Inflammatory cells infiltration was also markedly decreased by DEX treatment. The proportion of CD4+ Foxp3+ T cells in AR group (3. 89 ± 0. 39)% decreased, P<0. 01 vs control group (4. 63 ± 0. 15) %. DEX treatment induced production of Tregs (6. 89 ± 0. 49)%, P<0. 05 vs control group. DEX significantly increased the expression of Foxp3 mRNA (P<0. 05) compared with AR and control group. CONCLUSION DEX reduce upper airway allergic inflammation effectively, which may be mediated by promoting the expression of Foxp3 and inducing the amplification of Tregs in vivo.
Administration, Intranasal ; Animals ; Dexamethasone ; pharmacology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Flow Cytometry ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Inflammation ; drug therapy ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Nasal Mucosa ; drug effects ; Ovalbumin ; RNA, Messenger ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; drug therapy ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; drug effects

Based on the analyses of the status of humanistic medicine education both at home and abroad, the article emphasized the need for the implement of medical humanities education with the whole process and multidisciplinary integration. In combination with practice, from the three modules of the ex-plicit curriculum, implicit curriculum and integrated curriculum, the author discussed the specific conno-tation of the whole course of medical humanities education. The article also summarized the main points of the course system in teaching practice from the aspects of training objectives, teaching staff construction, teaching methods improvement and innovation, and humanistic quality evaluation of medical students.

Objective To analyze the clinical infection distribution and drug resistance status of 442 strains of Escherichia coli to provide the basise for the treatment of Escherichia coli infection and the control of nosocomial infection.Methods The clinically submitted various kinds of specimens during 2013 were performed the bacterial culture and identification.The susceptibility of Escherichia coli to commonly used bacterial drugs were detected by adopting the MIC method.The data were analyzed by WHO-NET V5.5 and SPSS V13.0 softwares.Results 442 strains of Escherichia coli were isolated from the middle urine and secretion. The detection rate of ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli was 61.3%.442 strains of Escherichia coli had the high resistance to peni-cillins,cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones,better sensitivity toβ-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor compounds and highest sensitivity to carbapenems.ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli had the higher resistance to commonly used antibacterial drugs than non-ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli .Conclusion The drug resistance of Escherichia coli is severe.ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli are u-sually resistant to many different types of antimicrobial drugs.Carbapenems are the first choice to treatment of severe infections of Escherichia coli .

AIM: To explore the molecular mechanism of anti-shock effect of Shenmai (SM) injection and to observe its influence on TLR4 and I?B mRNA expression in hemorrhagic shock (HS) plus LPS rat lung. METHODS: Rats were divided into HS, HS+LPS, HS+LPS+ dexamethasone (DEX), HS+LPS+SM group, respectively. HS+LPS injury model of rats were induced by hemorrhagic shock (MAP 40 mmHg for 10 min) followed by intravenous administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1.5 mg/kg). Four hours later, the TNF-? contents in lung tissue were measured by ELISA, TLR4 mRNA and I?B? mRNA expression were assayed by RT-PCR, ultrastructural changes of the type Ⅱ alveolar cell were observed by electron microscope. RESULTS: The TLR4 mRNA expression level in HS+LPS+SM group was significantly decreased as compared to HS+LPS group (P

The paper identified bottlenecks in establishing general practice departments at tertiary hospitals.With analysis of the importance of general practice education,medical service and research,as well as complete disciplinary building at such hospitals,the authors explored strategies and measures for talent training and development of general practice.