Objective To know about the abnormal condition of thyroid function in healthy population of urban residents in Cangzhou City,to reduce the incidence of thyroid disease to provide a reference.Methods Urban residents participated in a health checkup were selected as respondents in Cangzhou from 2013 to 2015,whose thyroid examination and laboratory test data of thyroid function were collected.Statistical analysis of thyroid dysfunction was performed.Results Totally 3 218 healthy controls with 248 cases of thyroid dysfunction were tested.The detectable rate was 7.71％.The detectable rates of hypothyroidism,subclinical hyperthyroidism,hypothyroidism,and subclinical hypothyroidism were 0.81％ (26/3 218),0.68％ (22/3 218),1.83％ (59/3 218),and 4.38％ (141/3 218),respectively.The prevalence of subclinical thyroid disease (5.07％) was higher than that of clinical thyroid disease (2.64％,x2 =32.140,P ＜ 0.01).The detectable rates of thyroid dysfunction from 2013 to 2015 were 2.73％ (24/879),6.54％ (71/1 086),and 12.21％ (153/1 253),respectively.The differences among the three were statistically significant(x2 =69.443,P＜0.01).The detectable rate of male thyroid dysfunction was 3.20％ (49/1 532)and female was 11.80％ (199/1 686).The women's rate was significantly higher than that of men (x2 =12.806,P ＜ 0.01).The majority of patients were in the 40 to under 50 and older than 70 years of age which accounted for 10.25％ (65/634) and 10.40％ (31/298),respectively.Conclusions The detectable rate of thyroid dysfunction in healthy population of urban residents in Cangzhou City is increasing year by year,most cases are subclinical hypothyroidism.In the future,early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of thyroid diseases should be strengthened and appropriate intervention measures should be taken to reduce the incidence of thyroid and related diseases.