Objective To investigate the effect of proteasome inhibitor MG132 on the proliferation of human lens epithelial cells SRA01/04. Methods The SRA01/04 cells were treated with MG132 by different concentrations (0, 0. 1, 0. 5, 1. 0, 2. 5, 5.0, 10. 0μmol/L) for 36 hours. The cell viability in all groups was determined using methylthiazoltetrazolium (MTT) test. The effect of MG132 on the apoptosis and regulation of cell cycle about SRA01/04 cells were detected by flow cytometry (FCM). The SRA01/04 cells treated with MG132 were observed after Annexin V/FITC-PI staining by fluorescence microscope. Results The inhibitory effect of MG132 on SRA01/04 cells proliferation was enhanced with the increase of MG132 concentration. The 50% inhibiting concentration ( IC50 ) of MG132 was 2. 50μmol/L after SRA01/04 cells were treated with MG132 for 36 hours. The apoptosis index of the cells treated by MG132 at 2. 5μmol/L and 5 μmol/L for 36 hours was 6. 55 ± 0. 35% and 13.75 ± 3.18%, and 0. 75 ± 0. 21% for 5.0μmol/L for 36 hours in control group. After cells were treated with MG132 for 48h, the percentages of cells at G0/G1 phase were (42. 57 ± 0. 64) %, (73.42 ± 3.10) %, ( 80. 95 ± 3.83 ) % 0, 2. 5,5.0 μmol/Lgroups respectively, and those at S phase were (49. 44±1.36)%, ( 17. 40 ± 1.50)%, ( 19. 57 ± 1.29)%.Annexin V/FITC-PI staining was used, and MG132 was found to result to apoptosis. Conclusions MG132 could inhibit the proliferation of SRA01/04 cells by the effect of inducing apoptosis and regulation of cell cycle. The proteasome inhibitor-might play a key role in the prevention of posterior capsular opacification.

Objective To explore the burden of caregivers for Alzheimer disease patients and its influencing factors.Methods Totally 150 caregivers for Alzheimer disease patients were collected from March 2015 to June 2016 in Department of Geriatric of Nanjing Dram Tower Hospital the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School. Self-designed general information questionnaires of patients and its caregivers for Alzheimer disease was used in this study. Caregiver Burden Questionnaire was used to investigate the burden of caregivers for Alzheimer disease patients. The influencing factors of the burden of caregivers for Alzheimer disease patients were analyzed.Results The average score of the burden of caregivers for Alzheimer disease patients was (52.54±3.29)points,in which 31 cases for mild load(20.67%), 47 cases for moderate load(31.33%), and 72 cases for severe load(48%). The multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the level of dementia, complications, the gender of caregivers and the health status of caregivers were independent predictors of the care load,which can predict 71.6% variation (R2=0.716).Conclusions Factors affecting the burden of caregivers for Alzheimer disease patients were dementia degree, complications, gender and health condition of caregivers. Social support system should be established towarding these factors to alleviate the load and improve the care of Alzheimer's disease patients.

Objective: To explore the effects of multidisciplinary team based nursing intervention on nutritional status, muscle strength, physical function and daily living ability of super-aged patients with sarcopenia. Methods: A total of 29 super-aged patients with sarcopenia from July to November in 2017 in Department of Geriatric, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School were selected as the observation group with multidisciplinary team intervention. And 29 super-aged patients with sarcopenia from February to June 2017 were selected as the control group with routine management. Nutritional indicators, muscle strength, physical activity function and daily living ability scores were compared between the two groups at 1 and 6 months after intervention. Results: After 1 month of intervention, hemoglobin and serum albumin was (118.79±11.47), (35.86±5.73) g/Lin the observation group and (112.27±11.69), (31.35±5.48) g/L in the control group, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (t value was 2.09, 2.98, P<0.05 or 0.01). After 6 months of intervention, hemoglobin, serum albumin, muscle strength, physical activity function and daily living ability was (124.66±13.52) g/L, (38.47±6.02) g/L, (23.75±3.61) g, (9.18±1.85) points, (86.19±14.36) points in the observation group, and (112.03±11.89) g/L, (31.01±5.91) g/L, (19.15±3.19) g, (6.14±1.69) points, (64.12±15.83) points in the control group, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (t value was 3.68-6.37, all P<0.01). Conclusions Nursing intervention based on multidisciplinary team can improve the nutritional status, muscle strength,physical function and quality of life of super-aged patients with sarcopenia.

Objective To study the effect of predictive nursing combined with 317 nursing-nurse's education assistant on the bowel preparation of elderly patients.Methods The elderly patients who was hospitalized or physically examined between March and December 2017 were divided into two groups with their wills:60 cases in the observation group and 58 cases in the control group.In the former group, the education with the predictive nursing and the 317 nursing-nurse's education assistant by primary nurses was conducted and in the latter,the traditional oral and paper method was used for the bowel preparation. Results The quality of bowel preparation in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group. The complication rate in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The predictive nursing combined with the 317 nursing-nurse's education assistant can improve the bowel preparation quality and reduce the complication rate in the elderly patients.

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of different bowel preparation methods before colonoscopy in elderly patients.Methods A total of 84 elderly patients undergoing colonoscopy during July 2015 and July 2016 were divided into two groups(n=42 for each group). Repeat group was treated with 1 L Polyethylene Glycol(PEG)orally for bowel preparation at night before the colonoscopy and 2 L PEG on the day of colonoscopy respectively. Single group was treated with 3 L PEG for bowel preparation on the day of colonoscopy. In the two groups, bowel preparation efficacy, patient's compliance, tolerability and adverse reactions were evaluated.Results According to the Boston bowel preparation scale(BBPS), the score of total colon cleaning effect was(7.49±1.33) in repeat group and (5.29±1.45) in single group with a significant difference(t=2.78, P<0.05), and side colon cleaning effect were also statistically significant (P<0.05). Bowel preparation efficacy, patient's compliance, tolerability and adverse reactions in two groups were not statistically significant (P>0.05).Conclusions It is the proper method for elderly patients who are treated with PEG orally and repeatedly before colonoscopy.

Objective To explore the effects of doctor-nurse integration model on cognitive function and activity ability as well as risk prevention in nursing so as to provide a reference for improving quality of nursing among elderly inpatients with dementia. Methods A total of 100 elderly inpatients with dementia were recruited as study subjects. They were divided into control group (n=50, conventional nursing) and observation group (n=50, nursing based on doctor-nurse integration model) by random number table. The rehabilitation of patients of both groups after intervention was evaluated with the activities of daily living (ADL), mini-mental status examination (MMSE) and the scale of elderly cognitive function. Besides, this study also investigated the degree of satisfaction of family members with nursing care and recorded the occurrence of adverse events. Results The incidence of adverse events in the observation group (4.00%) was lower than that in the control group (18.00%) with a significant difference (χ2=5.00, P=0.02). The satisfaction of family members with nursing care was 92.0% in the observation group significantly higher than 76.0% in the control group (χ2=8.37, P< 0.01). Conclusions The doctor-nurse integration model can effectively control the risk of adverse events and improve the cognitive function and activity ability of patients as well as degree of satisfaction with nursing care.

Objective To explore the effects of modified problem-based learning (PBL) teaching method on new nurse training in geriatric department. Methods From January to December 2016, a total of 63 intern nurses in the Geriatric Department of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital were selected and randomly divided into control group (n=31) and observation group (n=32). The traditional PBL teaching method was applied in the control group, while the modified PBL teaching method was implemented in the observation group. The teaching effects were assessed and compared between the two groups with theoretical examination and practical skill assessment, and nursing teaching effect evaluation scale. Results The results of theoretical examination and practical skill assessment of the observation group were (93.28±3.56) and (95.35±2.64) respectively, which were both significantly higher than those of the control , (85.32±2.94) and (88.81±2.73), and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.001). The teaching effects approval rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.05). Conclusions The modified PBL teaching method can help to improve the theoretical level and practical skills of geriatric nurses, and promote the improvement of the teaching quality of nursing.

Objective To investigate the effects of helicobacter pylori(Hp)on pathological changes and mucin5AC(MUC5AC)ex-pression in lung tissue of rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods Thirty-three Wistar rats were randomly di-vided into blank group(n=9),COPD group(n=9),Hp group(n=9),COPD+Hp group(n=6).Cigarette smoking combined with intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide was used in COPD group and COPD+Hp group,and Hp intragastric administration was used in Hp group and COPD+Hp group.The establishment of the model after one month,the lung tissues of rats were collected,the pathology of lung tissue was observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining,the proliferation of airway goblet cells was observed by Alcian blue pe-riodic acid-Schiff(AB-PAS)staining,the expression level of MUC5AC protein was detected by immunohistochemistry,and the ex-pression level of MUC5AC mRNA was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR).Results Compared with the blank group,the goblet cell count per unit length of airway,the expression of MUC5AC protein and mRNA in lung tis-sue in COPD group,Hp group and COPD+Hp group were significantly increased,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Compared with COPD+Hp group,the goblet cell count per unit length of airway,the expression of MUC5AC protein and mRNA in lung tissue in COPD group and Hp group were lower,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion Hp infection aggravates the inflammatory reaction and the proliferation of goblet cells in the airway of COPD,increases the airway secretion and the expression of MUC5AC,and promotes the progression of COPD.

Objective To assess the tear film stability and morphological characteristics of the tarsal gland in myopic children.Methods In this prospective descriptive study,myopic children who performed refractive examinations in the Pediatric Ophthalmology & Refraction Clinic,Jinan Mingshui Eye Hospital from November 2021 to November 2022 were in-cluded.An Ocular Surface Disease Index(OSDI)questionnaire survey was carried out;tear meniscus height(TMH),non-invasive first breakup time(NIf-BUT)and images of the tarsal glands were obtained by OCULUS Keratograph 5M compre-hensive ocular surface analyzer.In addition,the atrophy and tortuosity of tarsal glands were scored to analyze the tear film stability and clinical characteristics of tarsal glands in myopic children.Results A total of 48 myopic children(91 eyes)aged from 7 to 16(10.25±2.23)years were recruited,including 27 males(56.25％)and 21 females(43.75％).The aver-age TMH was(0.19±0.04)mm(95％CI:0.18-0.19)and the average NIf-BUT was(5.40±2.62)s(95％CI:4.90-5.94);the TMH was positively correlated with NIf-BUT(r=0.223,P=0.034).The tarsal gland atrophy score was 1(0,1).The tortuosity score of the upper and lower tarsal gland was 0(0,1)and 0(0,0),respectively,with a statistically significant difference(Z=3.692,P＜0.001).In all subjects,49 eyes(53.85％)had tarsal gland atrophy,and 37 eyes(40.66％)had tarsal gland tortuosity.There were significant differences in TMH and NIf-BUT between children aged＜12 years and children aged &ge;12 years(both P＜0.05).There was a significant difference in TMH between children with an OSDI score＜13 and children with an OSDI score &ge; 13(t=2.305,P=0.026).There was a significant difference in NIf-BUT between mild and moderate myopia children(t=2.300,P=0.024);the spherical equivalent was positively correlated with NIf-BUT(r=0.283,P=0.023).Conclusion Children with mild to moderate myopia show low tear film stability and a certain proportion of abnormal morphology in tarsal glands.In addition to the refractive status of children,attention should also be paid to ocular surface health in the refraction clinic.