The most prominent advances in thyroid surgery in recent ten years are minimally invasive surgery and cosmetology.With the development of surgical technology and the application of energy devices,the concealment of surgical incision selection and minimization of wounds are increasingly reflected and improved.This study reviews various minimally invasive and cosmetic thyroid surgery at home and abroad,and analyzes the principles,advantages and complications of various surgical methods.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of microwave ablation in treatment of benign thyroid nodules by a meta-analysis.Methods A database searching was performed on the Pubmed (Medline),CochraneLibrary,Embase,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),wanfang database,biomedical literature database (Sinomed) and VIP database.Randomized controlled studies of microwave ablation for benign thyroid nodules were selected and analyzed.Documents were screened in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Data analysis was performed by using Revman5.3 software.Results Twelve studies matched the selection criteria,which involved 1221 patients.The results showed that microwave ablation was superior to traditional surgery in the following aspects:the time of operation [MD=-50.78,95％ CI=(-58.20,-43.36),P＜0.01,I2=97％],the amount of blood loss[MD=-23.21,95％ CI=(-27.18,-19.23),P＜0.01,I2=99％],the time of hospitalization [MD=-3.39,95％ CI=(-4.08,-2.71),P＜0.01,I2=98％],the changes of CRP,IL-6,TNF-alpha in 12 h,24 h or 48 h after operation,the changes in the level of FT3 and FT4 in 1 month and 3 months after operation,and the incidence of surgical complications [MD=0.20,95％ CI=(0.13,0.32),P＜0.01,I2=0％],P＜0.01 respectively.Conclusions Microwave ablation has many advantages,such as small trauma,beautiful appearance,quick recovery,little influence on thyroid function and fewer operative complications.It is safe and reliable in clinical application.

Objective:To study the role of miR-155 in the differentiation of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) cells, and to explore the possible mechanism.Methods:Human miR-155 analogues were constructed and transfected into PTC BCPAP cells in vitro. CCK8 test and Transwell test were used to observe the changes of cell proliferation and invasiveness. The miR-155 was transfected into BCPAP cells in vitro and the protein background and phosphorylation expression of MAPK pathway were detected by Western blot. ERK pathway inhibitor U0126 was given to observe whether it could reverse the abnormal proliferation and invasion of thyroid cancer cells caused by over-expression of miR-155.Results:The proliferation of BCPAP cells was detected by CCK8 test 48 hours after overexpression of miR-155, and the invasiveness of thyroid cancer cells was significantly enhanced by Transwell test 48 hours after overexpression of miR-155 ( P<0.05) ; Western blot method found that the expression of JNK, ERK and p38 in MAPK signal pathway was significantly up-regulated ( P<0.05) . At the same time, the expression of p-ERK protein in the cells was increased significantly ( P<0.05) . The expression of p-ERK in the cells treated with ERK pathway inhibitor U0126 and miR-155 was significantly lower than that in the miR-155 group ( P<0.05) . By detecting the proliferation and invasion of cells in each group, we found that the U0126 could reverse the proliferation and invasion promoting effect caused by miR-155. Conclusion:miR-155 can promote the proliferation and invasion of PTC BCPAP cells by activating the ERK pathway of MAPK pathway, which provides a potential target for the treatment of thyroid cancer.