Hypertension is a common and chronic disease,and is also the mainly risk factor of cardio-cerebrovascular disease.Essential hypertension is a complex disease caused by the common function of multiple genes and environmental factors,but the exact pathogenesis is still unclear.With the study continues,the role of DNA methylation and other epigenetic factors in pathological process with essential hypertension (EH) gradually be taken seriously.This review summarizes the research progress of some essential hypertension related methylation genes' function in the course of hypertension,to explain the relationship between DNA methylation markers which can be influenced by environment factor and essential hypertension and help us have a further understanding about the hypertension pathogenesis.

AIM: To explore the relationship of the decrease of the catharticizing action and the conjugated anthraquinone after Radix et Rhizoma Rhei was in the process of stirred-fry-with wine by comparing the content of conjugated anthraquinone among different processing Radix et Rhizoma Rhei in the solution decocted by water and extrected by methanol. METHODS: The spectrophotometer was used to assay the content of free anthraquinone and conjugated anthraquinone of different proccssing Rudix et Rhizoma Rhei in the solution decocted by water and extracted by methanol. RESULTS: In the solution decocted by water there was little difference in free anthraquinone between the raw and the processing products, however, the conjugated anthraquinone of the precessing product was much higher than the raw. CONCLUSION: The decrease of the conjugated anthraquinone can’t fully account for the reduction of the catharticizing action of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei in the process of stirred-fry with wine. The real cause needs to be explored in many aspects.

Objective To observe the effect of heat needle treatment on the inflammatory reaction in the damaged tissues of rats with the third lumbar transverse process syndrome. Methods Ninety Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, namely normal group, model group, drug group, heat needle group, conventional acupuncture group and warming acup-moxibustion group, 15 rats in each group. The rat model of the third lumbar syndrome was established by embedding gelatin sponge. Two weeks later, the rats in various groups were given corresponding treatment respectively. Before treatment and on the 7th, 14th and 28th day of treatment, the blood samples were collected from jugular vein, and then the serum inflammatory cytokines of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). On the 28th day of treatment, all of the rats were sacrificed, the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1βand IL-6 mRNA in the muscle tissue were detected by reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and the pathological changes in local muscle tissue were observed by HE staining method. Results The serum contents of the inflammatory cytokines of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in the model group and treatment groups after modeling were significantly higher than those in the normal group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the contents of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in various treatment groups were decreased significantly as compared with those in the model group, and the decrease was most obvious in the heat needle group. The expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA in muscle tissues of drug group, heat needle group, conventional acupuncture group and warming acup-moxibustion group were lower than those of the model group (P < 0.05), and the heat needle group had the lowest levels. HE staining results showed that heat needle group had milder inflammatory reaction and better muscle fiber structure than the model group. Conclusion Heat needle treatment can improve the local inflammatory response and promote the repair of tissue damage through decreasing the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines of TNF-α, IL-1βand IL-6.

Aim To investigate the effects of aspirin on Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed human B-lym-phocytes.Methods EBV-transformed human B-lym-phocytes were treated with certain concentrations of as-pirin.Cellular proliferation was analyzed by MTT as-say.Further evaluation of apoptosis of aspirin-treated cells was performed through light-field microscope, transmission electronic microscope(TEM),propidium iodide(PI)staining and flow cytometric analysis and DNA electrophoresis. Finally, immunoblot analysis was used to determine the expression levels of apopto-sis-associated proteins, proteins involved in mTOR pathway and PU.1 -Bim axis.Results Aspirin treat-ment inhibited proliferation of EBV-transformed human B-lymphocytes.We observed that aspirin treatment in-duced apoptosis in EBV-transformed human B-lympho-cytes,resulting in the decreased number and size of cells.Ultramicroscopic structural analysis via TEM in-dicated that aspirin treatment deformed the cellular nu-cleus,and led to peripheral chromatin and cytoplasmic vacuole.PI staining and flow cytometric analysis indi-cated that aspirin increased the permeability of cell membrane and decreased the viability of treated cells. Agarose electrophoresis revealed DNA smear in aspirin-treated cells.Mechanistically,mTOR signaling was in-hibited in aspirin-treated cells,as evidenced by the de-creased phosphorylation of S6K1 and S6 via immunob-lot analysis.Aspirin treatment led to the decrease of hematopoietic transcription factor PU.1 .Consequently, pro-apoptotic Bim, apoptosis-associated proteins caspase-3 and PARP were activated in aspirin-treated cells.Conclusion Aspirin may show anti-lymphoma effects via its inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis of EBV-transformed human B-lymphocytes, in which mTOR signal pathway and PU.1 -Bim axis may be involved.

This article was aimed to study the effect of geniposide in hyperuricemia mice. Different doses (50, 100, 200 mg·kg-1) of geniposide were administrated to hyperuricemia mice induced by potassium oxonate by gavage for seven consecutive days. Then, serum uric acid (SUA), urinary uric acid (UUA) and the hepatic xanthine oxidase ac-tivities (XOD) of mice were detected. The results showed that the middle- and high-dose groups of geniposide re-duced the level of SUA significantly (P<0.01). It was concluded that geniposide can reduce the level of SUA in hy-peruricemia mice by promoting UUA excretion.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of texture analysis on non-contrast-enhanced T1 maps of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging for the diagnosis of myocardial injury in acute myocardial infarction (MI). Materials and Methods: This study included 68 patients (57 males and 11 females; mean age, 55.7 ± 10.5 years) with acute ST-segment-elevation MI who had undergone 3T CMR after a percutaneous coronary intervention. Forty patients of them also underwent a 6-month follow-up CMR. The CMR protocol included T2-weighted imaging, T1 mapping, rest first-pass perfusion, and late gadolinium enhancement. Radiomics features were extracted from the T1 maps using open-source software. Radiomics signatures were constructed with the selected strongest features to evaluate the myocardial injury severity and predict the recovery of left ventricular (LV) longitudinal systolic myocardial contractility. Results: A total of 1088 segments of the acute CMR images were analyzed; 103 (9.5%) segments showed microvascular obstruction (MVO), and 557 (51.2%) segments showed MI. A total of 640 segments were included in the 6-month follow-up analysis, of which 160 (25.0%) segments showed favorable recovery of LV longitudinal systolic myocardial contractility.Combined radiomics signature and T1 values resulted in a higher diagnostic performance for MVO compared to T1 values alone (area under the curve [AUC] in the training set; 0.88, 0.72, p = 0.031: AUC in the test set; 0.86, 0.71, p = 0.002).Combined radiomics signature and T1 values also provided a higher predictive value for LV longitudinal systolic myocardial contractility recovery compared to T1 values (AUC in the training set; 0.76, 0.55, p < 0.001: AUC in the test set; 0.77, 0.60, p < 0.001). Conclusion The combination of radiomics of non-contrast-enhanced T1 mapping and T1 values could provide higher diagnostic accuracy for MVO. Radiomics also provides incremental value in the prediction of LV longitudinal systolic myocardial contractility at six months.

This study aimed at investigating the antiviral constituents from the active fractions of Tong-An (TA) injection.In this study,the active constituents of TA injection were screened by LPS-induced PGE2 production mode to detect the contents of PGE2.The chemical constituents were isolated by HP-20 macroporous resin,silica gel column chromatography,ODS column chromatography,Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and preparative and semi-preparative HPLC.The structures were identified by spectral data and physicochemical property.As a result,the 95％ ethanol eluate of TA injection on the macroporous adsorption resin column was proved to be the active fraction of TA injection.Seventeen compounds were isolated from TA injection and identified as syringaresinol (1),N-Trans-Feruloyltyramine (2),chelerythrine (3),sinomenine (4),coptisine (5),sanguinarine (6),chelidoniny (7),magnoflorine (8),allocryptopine (9),protopine (10),farrerol (11),dihydrosanguinarine (12),heptadec-(9Z)-enoic acid (13),chlorogenic acid (14),cryptochlorogenin acid (15),3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (16) and 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (17).PGE2 inhibitory activities of these compounds were determined,among which six compounds presented inhibitory activities against PGE2.It was concluded that all the isolated compounds from TA injection were firstly reported with the favorable inhibitory activities of compounds 2,5,9,10,11,12 against PGE2.

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of sentinel lymph nodes biopsy (SLNB) in breast cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods SLNB was performed in sixty primary breast cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy using a combination of 99mTc- Rituximab and patent blue. SLN was examined by routine pathologic examination and immunohistochemistry. Routine axillary lymph node resection was performed after SLNB. Results The successful rate of SLNB was 95% (57/60). Twenty-three cases of SLN (40% ) were metastasis positive, including 18 positive cases detected by HE staining and 5 by immunohistochemistry. SLN was the only metastasis lymph nodes in 14 out of 23 cases. One case was of false negative metastasis by SLN. The sensitivity and accuracy of SLNB were 96% (23/24) and 98% (56/57), respectively. The specificity was 100% (33/33) , the false negative rate was 4. 3% (1/23) with the negative predictive value being 97% (36/37). The positive predictive value was 100% (24/24). Internal mammary sentinel lymph node lymphoscintigraphy were positive in 11 cases but all the cases were negative in metastases by pathologic examination. Conclusion The combination of isotope imaging agent and patent blue is suitable for primary breast carcinoma after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Internal mammary sentinel lymph node biopsy is less clinically important.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of texture analysis on non-contrast-enhanced T1 maps of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging for the diagnosis of myocardial injury in acute myocardial infarction (MI). Materials and Methods: This study included 68 patients (57 males and 11 females; mean age, 55.7 ± 10.5 years) with acute ST-segment-elevation MI who had undergone 3T CMR after a percutaneous coronary intervention. Forty patients of them also underwent a 6-month follow-up CMR. The CMR protocol included T2-weighted imaging, T1 mapping, rest first-pass perfusion, and late gadolinium enhancement. Radiomics features were extracted from the T1 maps using open-source software. Radiomics signatures were constructed with the selected strongest features to evaluate the myocardial injury severity and predict the recovery of left ventricular (LV) longitudinal systolic myocardial contractility. Results: A total of 1088 segments of the acute CMR images were analyzed; 103 (9.5%) segments showed microvascular obstruction (MVO), and 557 (51.2%) segments showed MI. A total of 640 segments were included in the 6-month follow-up analysis, of which 160 (25.0%) segments showed favorable recovery of LV longitudinal systolic myocardial contractility.Combined radiomics signature and T1 values resulted in a higher diagnostic performance for MVO compared to T1 values alone (area under the curve [AUC] in the training set; 0.88, 0.72, p = 0.031: AUC in the test set; 0.86, 0.71, p = 0.002).Combined radiomics signature and T1 values also provided a higher predictive value for LV longitudinal systolic myocardial contractility recovery compared to T1 values (AUC in the training set; 0.76, 0.55, p < 0.001: AUC in the test set; 0.77, 0.60, p < 0.001). Conclusion The combination of radiomics of non-contrast-enhanced T1 mapping and T1 values could provide higher diagnostic accuracy for MVO. Radiomics also provides incremental value in the prediction of LV longitudinal systolic myocardial contractility at six months.