Objective To establish the method and cardiovascular imaging in mice using ultrasound biomicroscopy(UBM) with anatomical confirmation by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, and to evaluate the feasibility and value of UBM in mice cardiovascular imaging.Methods The mouse thoracic anatomy was elucidated using Signo 3.0T MR imaging on 2 healthy C57BL/6 adult male mice.The structures and flow of mice heart and great vessels in 16 healthy C57BL/6 adult male mice were showed and analyzed by Visualsonics Vevo 770 UBM through several acoustic windows, including left parasternal, right parasternal, apical regions, and suprasternalis.The systolic and diastolic function of mice heart were also evaluated.ResultsAnatomic characteristic of mice could be displayed by MR imaging.The heart was mostly located in left thoracic cavity.The angle between long axis of the heart and the midline of the chest was about 45 degrees.Left atrium,left ventricle, mitral valve and right ventricle were located on the left side of the midline of the chest.Aortic valve orifice, ascending aorta,right atrium and tricuspid valve were located on the right side of the midline of the chest.Left heart long axis view,left ventricular short axis view,ascending aorta long axis view,long axis view of aortic arch, aortic short axis view, right ventricular inflow tract long axis view, pulmonary artery long axis view and so on were obtained clearly using UBM.The structures of heart and great vessels were displayed and the cardiovascular parameters could be measured accurately,including left atrium,left ventricle,aorta and aortic arch,interventricular septum,right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary artery, innominate artery, right internal carotid artery and the velocity in each valve orifices from Doppler flow spectrum.No significant difference was found in the measurements between different age groups.Conclusions The cardiovascular structures and hemodynamics could be displayed by UBM in mice when appropriate acoustic windows and sections were selected.This novel imaging protocol provides us a non-invasive way to follow atherosclerosis in genes knockout mice.

Pulldown assay is an in vitro method for studies of protein-protein interactions, in which tagged proteins are usually expressed as the bait to enrich other proteins that could bind to them. In this technology, the GST tag is broadest used for its modest size and hydrophilic property. In most cases, the GST tag could increase the hydrophility of the fusion protein and help to avoid the formation of inclusion bodies. However, in the other few cases, the target protein may be strongly hydrophobic or have complicated structures that were hard to fold and assemble in correct conformations without champerons, and even the existence of GST tag could not make them soluble. These proteins were always expressed as inclusion bodies and had no functions. LMO2 was a small molecular weight and insoluble protein, in this study, GST system and MBP system were used to express GST-LMO2 and MBP-LMO2 fusion proteins, respectively. We found that GST-LMO2 fusion protein was expressed as inclusion bodies whereas MBP-LMO2 fusion protein was expressed in soluble form. Moreover, the production rate of MBP-LMO2 was also much higher than GST-LMO2. Then MBP-LMO2 fusion proteins and renatured GST-LMO2 fusion proteins were used as bait in pulldown assay to study the interaction between LMO2 and endogenous GATA1 in K562 cells. Western blot analyses showed that both of these proteins could bind to endogenous GATA1 in K562 cells, but recovered GATA1 protein by MBP-LMO2 fusion protein was much more than GST-LMO2 fusion protein. These results suggest that using of MBP system is a helpful attempt in the case of studying small molecular weight, strong hydrophobic proteins.
Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Carrier Proteins ; chemistry ; Chemical Precipitation ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; chemistry ; GATA1 Transcription Factor ; chemistry ; Genetic Vectors ; Glutathione Transferase ; chemistry ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; LIM Domain Proteins ; Maltose-Binding Proteins ; Metalloproteins ; chemistry ; Protein Binding ; Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs ; Protein Renaturation ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; chemistry ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective:To develop a cultural competency assessment scale for geriatric clinical nurse specialists and test its reliability and validity.Methods:Through literature research, qualitative interviews, expert correspondence, and pretesting, the cultural competency assessment scale for geriatric clinical nurse specialists was developed. A total of 140 geriatric nurses from 8 tertiary hospitals in Beijing, Guizhou, Harbin, Shandong and Shaanxi from July to September 2021 were selected for the survey.Results:The final cultural competency assessment scale for geriatric clinical nurse specialists consisted of 4 dimensions of cultural knowledge, cultural awareness, cultural skills, and cultural interaction behaviors, with 31 entries, Cronbach α coefficient of 0.953 for the scale, Cronbach α coefficient of 0.875-0.974 for the 4 dimensions, and retest reliability of 0.925. I-CVI was 0.857-1.000, and the average S-CVI was 0.974. The cumulative contribution of the four common factors was 72.51%. Conclusions:The reliability and validity of the cultural competency assessment scale for geriatric clinical nurse specialists are good and can be used to evaluate the cultural competency of geriatric clinical nurse specialists.

Objective To observe the effect of medical ozone on the expression of IL1R,CXCL-13 and IL24 gene in synovial membrane of osteoarthritis of knee joint. Methods Sixty-five cases of knee osteoarthritis including 11 lost-cases were selected ,and randomly divided into combination group and arthroscopy group with 27 cases in each group. After arthroscopic surgery ,combination group performed intra-articular injection of 40μg/mL concentration of medical ozone 40 mL/week for 2 weeks but arthroscopic surgery group had no ozone injection. Differences of the expression of IL1R I,CXCL13 and IL24 gene and protein in synovium were compared before and after the treatment in two groups by RT-PCR and Western blot. Results Expression of IL1R I gene and protein in synovium of combination group was significantly lower than that of arthroscopy group and it showed statistical significance(P<0.01). Expression of CXCL13 gene and IL24 gene and protein in synovium of combination group was higher than those of arthroscopy group and it had statistical significance (P < 0.05). Conclusions Medical ozone can reduce the symptoms of arthritis and slow synovitis progress through influencing the expression of IL1R, CXCL-13 and IL24 gene. The effect of ozone combined with arthroscopic is better than that of simple arthroscopic debridement,but cannot stop and reverse the progression of the disease completely.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical application and biomechanical characteristics of zygomatic implant supported prosthesis (ZIP) in restoring unilateral maxillary defect and to provide theoretical support for clinical treatment.Methods:A total of 8 patients with unilateral maxillary defect admitted to the Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2016 to June 2018 were selected. Inclusion criteria: unilateral maxillary defect, 18 to 70 years old, no systemic chronic disease, no radiotherapy history, healthy residual dentition, no moderate to severe periodontitis, no loose teeth, and no obvious malocclusion. Two zygomatic implants were implanted on the affected side, and the defects were restored with removable prostheses (RP) immediately after the operation. ZIP was manufactured and placed 6-12 months after implantation. And then, the quality of life after wearing RP and ZIP was evaluated with Dental Impact on Daily Living scale (DIDL). The subjective feelings of patients were evaluated from five aspects of appearance, pain, oral comfort, eating and chewing and general performance. The results were statistically analyzed by independent sample t test. A three dimension model of skull was established with the CT data of a 25-year-old healthy male and the models of zygomatic implants and prosthesis were constructed at the same time. In this composite model, a 150 N vertical force was loaded on the occlusal surface of the prosthetic prosthesis to simulate the bite force, and the stress distribution and concentration points of the zygomatic implant, prosthetic clasps, palatal plate, abutment and other parts were analyzed. The differences between RP and ZIP restoration were compared. Results:A total of 8 patients with unilateral maxillary defect were selected, including 5 males and 3 females, aged from 18 to 63 years, with an average of 48.9 years. A total of 16 zygomatic implants were implanted in 8 patients, and ZIP repair was completed 9-10 months after operation. The result of DIDL scale showed that, in terms of appearance, oral comfort, eating and chewing, general performance, the score of ZIP group was 0.79±0.15, 0.70±0.15, 0.63±0.24, 0.73±0.13 respectively, all of which were significantly higher than those of RP group -0.41±0.22, 0.35±0.22, -0.09±0.34, 0.30±0.19 respectively. Nevertheless, the score of ZIP group in terms of pain was 0.29±0.15, which was lower than that of RP group (0.48±0.23). Except for pain, the other differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The biomechanical analysis showed that, compared with RP group, the stress of ZIP was distributed mainly in the zygomatic implants. And the stress of palatal plates, clasps and abutments was reduced significantly and distributed evenly, with no obviously stress concentration point. Conclusions:ZIP can improve appearance, reduce discomfort and increase mastication efficiency. It is a better choice for unilateral maxillary defect restoration.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical application and biomechanical characteristics of zygomatic implant supported prosthesis (ZIP) in restoring unilateral maxillary defect and to provide theoretical support for clinical treatment.Methods:A total of 8 patients with unilateral maxillary defect admitted to the Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2016 to June 2018 were selected. Inclusion criteria: unilateral maxillary defect, 18 to 70 years old, no systemic chronic disease, no radiotherapy history, healthy residual dentition, no moderate to severe periodontitis, no loose teeth, and no obvious malocclusion. Two zygomatic implants were implanted on the affected side, and the defects were restored with removable prostheses (RP) immediately after the operation. ZIP was manufactured and placed 6-12 months after implantation. And then, the quality of life after wearing RP and ZIP was evaluated with Dental Impact on Daily Living scale (DIDL). The subjective feelings of patients were evaluated from five aspects of appearance, pain, oral comfort, eating and chewing and general performance. The results were statistically analyzed by independent sample t test. A three dimension model of skull was established with the CT data of a 25-year-old healthy male and the models of zygomatic implants and prosthesis were constructed at the same time. In this composite model, a 150 N vertical force was loaded on the occlusal surface of the prosthetic prosthesis to simulate the bite force, and the stress distribution and concentration points of the zygomatic implant, prosthetic clasps, palatal plate, abutment and other parts were analyzed. The differences between RP and ZIP restoration were compared. Results:A total of 8 patients with unilateral maxillary defect were selected, including 5 males and 3 females, aged from 18 to 63 years, with an average of 48.9 years. A total of 16 zygomatic implants were implanted in 8 patients, and ZIP repair was completed 9-10 months after operation. The result of DIDL scale showed that, in terms of appearance, oral comfort, eating and chewing, general performance, the score of ZIP group was 0.79±0.15, 0.70±0.15, 0.63±0.24, 0.73±0.13 respectively, all of which were significantly higher than those of RP group -0.41±0.22, 0.35±0.22, -0.09±0.34, 0.30±0.19 respectively. Nevertheless, the score of ZIP group in terms of pain was 0.29±0.15, which was lower than that of RP group (0.48±0.23). Except for pain, the other differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The biomechanical analysis showed that, compared with RP group, the stress of ZIP was distributed mainly in the zygomatic implants. And the stress of palatal plates, clasps and abutments was reduced significantly and distributed evenly, with no obviously stress concentration point. Conclusions:ZIP can improve appearance, reduce discomfort and increase mastication efficiency. It is a better choice for unilateral maxillary defect restoration.

Objective: To elaborate the characteristics and advantages of Whole-Mount immune fluorescence staining by observing the lymphatic vessels of mice. Methods: The ear skin tissue, the hindlimb lymphatic vessels and the mesenteric lymphatic vessels were harvested from normal C57 mice. The tissue samples were subjected to whole-tissue immunofluorescence staining.These tissue samples were fixed by paraformaldehyde, blocked by bovine serum and incubated in primary and secondary antibodies. Then, the lymphatic vessels were observed and analyzed in these samples with a confocal laser-scanning microscope. Results: The capillary lymphatic vessels and lymphatic endothelial cells can be clearly showed in the ear skin. The valves and smooth muscles can be clearly showed in the hindlimb and mesenteric lymphatic vessels by Whole-Mount immunofluorescence staining. Conclusions The whole-tissue immunofluorescence staining technique can observe the external morphology of lymphatic vessels clearly and stereoscopically, and can deeply observe the internal structure of lymphatic vessels. This technique can provide more accurate study on physiology and pathology of lymphatic vessels.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.