Objective To investigate the effects of hyperbaric Oxygen (HBO)exposure on Caspase-3 and Bcl-2 mRNA ex-pressions in both internal carotid artery (ICA)and basal artery (BA)in rabbits.Methods Twenty-four healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 2 groups:HBO group and the control group,with each group consisted of 12 animals.The rab-bits in the HBO group were exposed to HBO at 2.2 ATA for 60 minutes each day for 3 successive days.The rabbits in the control group were normally fed without any treatment.Real-time PCR was used to detect Caspase-3 and Bcl-2 mRNA expressions in both ICA and BA in 2 groups.Results HBO significantly decreased the Caspase-3 mRNA expression [(0.038 ±0.006 )vs .(1.000 ± 0.225)]and increased the Bcl-2 mRNA expression [(1.877 ±0.1 69)vs .(1.000 ±0.364)].In ICA,HBO similarly decreased the Caspase-3 mRNA expression [(0.41 9±0.091)vs .(1.000 ±0.1 75)]and increased the Bcl-2 mRNA expression [(1.269 ±0.270) vs .(1.000±0.1 1 7)]in BA.All the differences mentioned above were of statistical significance (P <0.01).Conclusion HBO ex-erts an inhibition effect on apoptosis in cerebral vascular endothelial cells.The mechanism may be related to inhibiting the expres-sion of Caspase-3 mRNA and promoting the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA.

Objective To confirm whether taxotere combined with mild hyperthermia will have synergistic effects,and to explore their joint mechanism of action.Methods Firstly the effective concentration of taxotere was determined by using MTT method to observe the effect of docetaxel on proliferation of human breast cancer cell line MCF-7.Then three samples of in vitro cultured human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells were prepared,termed the the taxotere group,the taxotere plus mild hyperthermia group and the control group,and treated with effective concentration of taxotere exclusively or in combination with mild hyperthermia,or left without any special treatment.The taxotere plus mild hyperthermia group was subdivided into 5 subgroups according to the temperatures used (39.0 ℃,39.5 ℃,40.0 ℃,40.5 ℃,41.0 ℃) MTT assays were used to measure the proliferation and invasive capacity of the cells and their effective concentrations.Flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptosis rates and any cell cycle changes in the control group.Western blotting was used to detect any changes in the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs),Bcl-2/Bax,heat shock protein-70 (HSP-70) and P-gp.Results The taxotere with mild hyperthermia group demonstrated a significantly higher rate of apoptosis than that in the taxotere and control groups.There were also more cells in the G2/M phase observed.Combining taxotere with mild hyperthermia was found after 24 h to have significantly increased p-ERK,p-JNK,p38,HSP-70 and P-gp protein levels and to have significantly decreased Bcl-2 protein expression in contrast with the other two groups.Conclusions Combining taxotere with mild hyperthermia showed synergistic effects in vitro.It seemed to be limiting the accumulation of MCF-7 cells in the G2/M phase and activating the signal pathways of MAPKs while inhibiting the activation of Bcl-2/Bax signal pathways.Combining taxotere and mild hyperthermia can accelerate the expression of HSP70 and P-gp in MCF-7 cells.Hyperthermia might induce chemotherapy resistance.

Chronic heart failure (CHF) is one of the greatest disease in modem medicine as chronic disease . It cost lots of financial resources to deal with. Western and traditional Chinese medicine Disease management programs (DMP) can notability improve the qualities of life and reduce the expenses for CHF. The disease management programs of CHF have achieved kind of success, but the management programs method witch is of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) characteristic idea carry into testing execution in few TCM hospitals only. This article review the necessary of DMP research, advances in research of DMP research, and relationship between management programs method of Western and traditional Chinese medicine and illness state improvement of CHF patients.
Chronic Disease ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Heart Failure ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Patient Compliance

Objective To investigate the antimicrobial resistance pattern of non-typhoidal Salmonella isolated from diarrhea cases in Guangdong province,China.The multidrug-resistant strains were analyzed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis(PFGE) typing.Methods All the non-typhoidal Salmonella strains isolated between 2009 and 2011 were serotyped,then the antimicrobial resistance was detected by the disk diffusion method and molecular typed by PFGE.Results 91.76％ (256/279) S.typhimurium isolates were multiple resistant to 3 and more antimicrobials.Forty S.typhimurium isolates were multiple resistant to 9 and more antimicrobials and 3 out of which were multiple resistant to all the 12 antimicrobials in vitro.96.91％ (94/97) Salmonella I4,5,12:i:-isolates were multiple resistant to 3 and more antimicrobials.Nine Salmonella I4,5,12:i:- isolates were multiple resistant to 9 and more antimicrobials and I out of which was multiple resistant to all the 12 antimicrobials1 in vitro.47％ (47/100) S.enteritidis isolates were multiple resistant to 3 and more antimicrobials.Only 1 S.enteritidis isolates was multiple resistant to 9 and more antimicrobials.4.27％ (27/632) non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates was resistant to ciprofloxacin,including 17 S.typhimurium and 6 Salmonella 14,5,12:i:- isolates.Also,there were 3 1.96％ ( 202/632 ) non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates was intermediary to ciprofloxacin.The PFGE patterns of the predominant strains which were highly resistant and multidrug-resistant had different genotypes and demonstrated significant genetic diversity.Conclusion The situation about the multiple antimicrobial resistances of non-typhoidal Salmonella in Guangdong province has showed the prevalent problem.The PFGE types of the multiple drug-resistant strains prompted these strains were come from different clones.This requires that we continue to strengthen the resistance monitoring and control of the rational use of antibiotics.

Objective To evaluate the two-stage repair in hypospadias cripples.Methods 35 patients with hypospadias cripples underwent two-stage repair.At the first stage,a full-thickness graft of skin or buccal mucosa was used for urethral plate reconstruction after the release of chordee.The second stage was performed 6 months after completion of the first stage.Tubularization of the replaced urethral plate was the preferred technique.Results There was no urethra stricture or “preplaced urethral plate ” atrophy.Fistula developed in 2 of 35 cases.Conclusion The twostaged technique was a useful strategy to deal with the myriad abnormalities encountered in crippled hypospadias.This technique could not only create a neourethra successfully,but also give the penis a near-normal shape and appearance.

Objective To investigate the physicochemical properties and immunogenicity of virus like particles(VLPs) in two different conformations assembled from the essential capsid protein VP1 of GⅡ.4 norovirus(NoV) in Hansenula polymorpha. Methods NoV GⅡ.4 VLPs in two different conforma-tions were prepared from high-density fermentation of recombinant engineered strains and VLPs purification. Physicochemical properties of the two forms of VLPs were identified by Western blot,size-exclusion high per-formance liquid chromatography (SEC-HPLC), dynamic light scattering(DLS) and transmission electron microscopy. Serum VLPs binding activities and blocking activities against VLPs binding to histo-blood group antigen(HBGA-VLPs) were evaluated after immunization of BALB/c mice with the two forms of VLPs. Re-sults VLPs of two different diameters with high homogeneity were obtained after purification. DLS results showed that particle sizes of two VLPs were 53.98 nm and 45.18 nm,respectively. The two VLPs were sim-ilar in binding abilities to HBGA receptors. Serum VLPs binding activities and blocking activities against HBGA-VLPs were found higher in NoV-VLP-L than NoV-VLP-S,but the difference was not statistically sig-nificant (P>0.05). Conclusion VLPs in two different conformations were obtained by expressing NoV GⅡ.4 VP1 proteins in Hansenula polymorpha. Though they were similar in physicochemical properties and immunogenicity,the NoV-VLP-L might be potential antigen candidates for the development of recombinant human norovirus vaccine.

Objective To describe a rhesus monkey model of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) established via repetitive unilateral intra-amygdala kainic acid (KA) injection and provide experimental basis for epileptogenic network and related research. Methods Eight male adult rhesus monkeys were randomly divided into KA injection group (n=6) and saline injection group (n=2). Brain stereotaxic technique, micro catheter implantation into the right amygdaloid nucleus, subcutaneous bladder connection, and continuous video-EEG monitoring were performed, and KA or saline injection into their right amygdala was achieved. Interictal epileptic discharges (IEDs), ictal discharges and behavioural performance between the two groups were compared right after injection and within 6 months of first discharge. Results Typical IEDs were recorded in the 6 monkeys from KA injection group after 2-4 times of KA injection, with focal spike waves discharges at the right temple area as manifestation; ictal discharges were recorded in 4 monkeys, with discharge patterns of discharges from the right temple area to the whole brain as manifestation, and during epileptic attack, these 4 monkeys suddenly stopped and dumbfounded without obvious limb seizures. Monkeys from the saline injection group showed no obvious abnormal behaviors. Conclusion Through a modified protocol of unilateral repetitive intra-amygdala KA injection, a rhesus monkey model with high similarity of behavioral and brain electrical features to TLE is developed.

OBJECTIVETo identify the cause of an outbreak of foot pain syndrome among students from a senior high school in Foshan.

METHODSWe defined a suspect case as onset of foot pain/numbness with unknown reason among students and teachers in a school of Foshan city, from February 10 to March 16, 2014. A suspect case was noticed as having both food pain and numbness. All the cases were searched through reviewing medical records in the nearby hospitals and school's clinic, also the records of absenteeism in school. Clinical information was collected from all the students, using a standardized questionnaire. Daily temperature was collected from all the students, between January 1 and March 31, 2014. A 1 : 2 individual matched case-control study was conducted to identify related risk factors on this epidemic. We interviewed all the cases and controls on their diet, physical activities and measures used for warming.

RESULTSA total of 407 case-students were identified, with an attack rate (AR) as 26.5%. The AR was 37.3% in girls, compared to 12.9% in boys. The difference was statistically significant (χ² = 115.1, P < 0.01). Boarding students had a higher AR (31.8%) than the commuting students (16.2%). The difference was statistically significant (χ² = 43.2, P < 0.01). In girls, boarding students had higher AR (46.1%) than those commuting students (18.5%). The difference was statistically significant (χ² = 61.4, P < 0.01). No statistically significant difference was found between boarding or commuting students in boys. Outdoor temperature was coming down from 23 °C on February 6 to 6 °C on February 13, but gradually rose to 23 °C on February 28. There was a positive relationship (r = 0.65, P = 0.002) noticed between daily maximum temperature and the number of cases during February 13-28. Results from this case-control study showed that factors as lacking physical activities (OR = 2.8, 95% CI: 1.5-5.6), feeling cold in bed (OR = 3.0, 95% CI: 1.3-7.0) and having experienced similar symptoms (OR = 3.4, 95% CI: 1.1-11.0) could increase the risk of this disease.

CONCLUSIONThis outbreak was possibly caused by the abrupt fluctuation of temperature within a short period.

Case-Control Studies ; China ; epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Female ; Foot Diseases ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Pain ; epidemiology ; Residence Characteristics ; statistics & numerical data ; Risk Factors ; Schools ; Students ; statistics & numerical data ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Syndrome ; Temperature ; Time Factors ; Transportation ; statistics & numerical data