Objective　To study the prognostic factors in cholangocarcinoma(CC). Methods　Retrospective analysis of the reported clinical data of CC in lectures. Results and Conclusions　The prognosis of CC in lower portion of bile duct(BD) is much better, CC in meddle portion of BD take the second place of prognosis, CC in upper portion of BD has the worst prognosis. If CC with following cases, which would have much better prognosis: higher differentiation without metastasis, diploid, higher PCNA; if CC with negative expression of epithelial membrane antigen or keratine, which would have worse prognosis. The activate of type IV collegen is related linearly to the metastasis capacity of the tumor, and the expression of nm23 of tumor is related to invation, lymphatic metastasis and prognosis of the tumor. Radical resection of the tumor has the best effect, palliative resection take the second place of prognosis, internal or external drainage operation has the worst effect. The effect of local radiotherapy is limited, and chemotherapy showes no effect. Early diagnosis, radical or extending resection and combined therapy can improve the prognosis of CC.

D).There was no difference in the SS scores among the groups.Mobility of nausea and vomiting was most frequently in each group but especially in the Group D.There was less adverse effect in Group A and B than in Group C and D.ConclusionFlurbiprofen axetil can be used for the PCA of MVD safely.It offers the preemptive analgesic effecanalgesia.There are less adverse effects than fentanyl or tramadol used only.

Objective Determining the respective incidence, risk factors and prognosis of hyperuricemia post normothermic cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Methods Clinical data was collected from April 2002 to October 2004. 232 patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Patients were classified into three groups: nonhyperuricemia group, hyperuricemia group, and acute goutynephropathy group. Uricemia levels 24 hours post cardiac surgery, the respective incidence, risk factors, and prognosis among three groups were analyzed. Results Seventy patients (30.1%) had hyperuricemia, and twenty-two patients (9.5%) had acute goutynephropathy during their ICU stay. The mortality was 0.7% for no hyperuricemia group, 1.4% for hyperuricemia group, and 13.6% for acute goutynephropathy group (P

Objective To provide a simple, convenient, and safe anesthesia method for the establishment of a M1 segment of middle cerebral artery occlusion model in rhesus monkey or other large laboratory animals.Method Twenty male rhesus monkeys weighing 7-11 kg (ages 7-9 years) from Academy of Military Medical Sciences were used in this study.Sumianxin injection combined with 0.1 mg/kg ketamine was given before endotracheal intubation (ID:4.5-5.5#).The animals were then transported to an interventional operation room, where the intravenous access was established and a urinary catheter was inserted into the urinary bladder.Mechanical ventilation was used during the surgery, propofol was continuously injected in a speed of 2-4 mg/kg/h, and Sumianxin-ketamine could be given if necessary to maintain adequate anesthesia depth.The dose was adjusted according to vital signs of the rhesus such as body movements, physiological parameters, and demand of surgery.Brain MRI examination was performed before and after thrombolysis.Anesthetic injection was suspended and the animals were allowed to have a spontaneous breathing every time before the MRI text.Heart rates, temperature, non-invasive blood pressure, and SpO2 were monitored during the whole surgery.Blood samples were taken from the radial artery for blood gas analysis after anesthesia induction and during operation.Results All the 20 animals underwent the operation successfully, no animal had restlessness, respiratory depression, arrhythmia and other serious complications.At the end of the study, animals awake soon.Fifteen of them survived longer than 24 hours, only 5 died from serious cerebral hemorrhage and larger cerebral infarction.Conclusions General endotracheal anesthesia is safe for rhesus monkeys during such interventional operation and MRI examination.

Objective To observe the characteristics of electromyography of sphincter of Oddi (SO) in patients with cholelithiasis after common bile duct exploration,and investigate new methods for detecting the motility of SO.Methods The basal pressure of SO(SOBP)and electromyography of SO were detected in 33 patients with cholelithiasis who were reexamined at the Southwest Hospital from January to October,2010.All patients were divided into low SOBP group,normal SOBP group and high SOBP group.The amplitude,frequency and duration of SO spike burst(SOSB)of the three groups were compared.Results The numbers of patients in the low SOBP group,normal SOBP group and high SOBP group were 14,13 and 6,respectively.The mean SOBP of the low SOBP group,normal SOBP group and high SOBP group were(3.1±1.2),(18.5±7.6),(39.8±4.8)mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa).The amplitude,frequency and duration of SOSB were(41±27)μV,(5.8±1.6) times/minutes and(2.7±0.6)s in the low SOBP group,and(150±71)μV,(6.9±1.4)times/minutes and (3.4±0.7)s in the normal SOBP group,and(301±109)μV,(7.8±1.2)times/minutes and(4.2±0.7)s in the high SOBP group,respectively,with significant difference among the three groups(F=50.751,4.293,13.159,P<0.05).Conclusion The results of electromyography of SO could reflect the function of SO,and it is possible to be a prospective method in the clinical research of SO.

Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Neonatal Screening

Objective:To observe the killing effect of irradiated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) at low dose combined with apogossypolone (ApoG2) on cultured human prostate cancer PC-3 cells.Methods:Human PBMCs were irradated by gamma ray at 1 gray,the irradiation dose rate was 17 Gy/min.The experiment were divided into PC-3 tumor cell control group,PC-3 cells with irradiated and non-irradiated PBMCs co-culture groups,ApoG2 treatment group,irradiated PBMCs and ApoG2 co-treatment group.Acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining and MTT method were used to observe the killing effect of PBMCs and/or ApoG2.Results:The killing activity of irradiated PBMCs group and ApoG2 treatment group were obviously increased and were higlaer than that of non-irradiated group (P＜0.05).The killing activity of combined group were much higher than that of irradiated group and ApoG2 treatment group (P ＜0.01 ).Conclusion:Irradiated PBMCs at low dose combined with ApoG2 can enhances the anti-tumor effects markedly.

AIM: To investigate the role of N-cadherin in the delamination of neural crest cells. METHODS: The normal expression of N-cadherin in neural tube was identified using in situ hybridization. The cells with N-cadherin over expression were obtained by transfection of wild-type N-cadherin (wt-N-cadherin) ,and the cells with N-cadherin silencing expression were obtained by transfection of dominant-negative N-cadherin (dn-N-cadherin). The migration of cranial neural crest cells was determined by the technique of immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Either overexpression or down-regulation of N-cadherin significantly affected the migration of cranial neural crest cells. CONCLUSION: Delamination and migration of the cranial neural crest cells rely on the relative N-cadherin expression in the neural tube during neurulation.

The protective effects of Da Chai Hu Granules (DCHKL) on islet cells which were incubated with 4 mmol x L(-1) alloxan (AXN) were studied. The viability of islet cells were measured with MTT. Insulin released into medium and in islets was detected by radioimmunoassay. Cell apoptosis rate was determined by flow cytometry. The expression of anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2 and pro-apoptotic gene Bax in islet cells were measured with RT-PCR (reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction). Serum containing DCHKL can promote the activity of islet cells significantly (P < 0.01). Basal insulin secretion and high glucose-stimulated insulin secretion increased significantly (P < 0.01). Serum containing DCHKL can inhibit apoptosis of islet cells, the ratio of apoptosis was decreased. Serum containing DCHKL increased expression of Bcl-2 mRNA and decreased expression of Bax mRNA. DCHKL can significantly promote proliferation of islet cells and increase the amount of basal secretion of pancreatic islet cells and high glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. The expression of Bcl-2 increased significantly. The expression of Bax decreased significantly. DCHKL have a protective effect on the islet cells.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by hepatic steatosis caused by nonalcoholic factors, and its pathogenesis, progression, treatment, and prevention have attracted more and more attention. At present, an increasing number of studies have been conducted on the association of intestinal microecology with various metabolic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Recent studies have found that butyrate, a metabolite of intestinal flora, is closely associated with NAFLD and can affect the development and progression of NAFLD through various mechanisms, such as alleviating inflammatory response, inhibiting insulin resistance, and reducing oxidative stress of liver mitochondria. Exploration of the association between butyrate and NAFLD is expected to provide a new approach for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.