Group A rotaviruses (RVs) are major pathogens associated with acute gastroenteritis in young children and animals worldwide. VP4 is responsible for interaction with the host and viral attachment. Recent study showed that the distal portion of rotavirus (RV) VP4 spike protein (VP8*) is implicated in binding to human histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs), which is new cellular receptors on rotavirus, Published in Nature and Journal of Virology in 2012. The paper describes advances in correlation between rotaivrus and HBGAs, summarizes the main achievements has gotten, Clarify the significance of study on Rotaivrus and HBGAs.
Animals ; Blood Group Antigens ; genetics ; immunology ; Genetic Variation ; Humans ; Rotavirus ; immunology ; physiology ; Rotavirus Infections ; blood

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects of low doses gemcitabine chemotherapy combined with synchronous high-low oxygen radiotherapy in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer.Methods Fifty-six patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer were randomly divided into two groups by envelop method:radio-chemotherapy group or chemotherapy group.Patients in radio-chmotherapy group were treated with low doses of gemcitabine chemotherapy ( 600 mg/m2 ) combined with high-low oxygen radiotherapy synchronously,paients in chmotherapy group were treated with full doses of gemcitabine chemotherapy ( 1000 mg/m2).The short-term effect,distant metastasis rate,clinical benefit rate,survival rate and adverse events of two groups were observed.Results There was one patient achievedcomplete relief and 15 patients achieved partial relief in radio-chemotherapy group with an overall effective rate of 66.7％ (16/24) ; there were 9 patients achieved partial relief in chemotherapy group with an overall effective rate of 36.0％ (9/25),the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (X2 =4.6082,P =0.0318 ).The clinical benefit rates were 83.3 ％ ( 20/24 ) and 60％ ( 15/25 ),respectively,the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant ( P =0.070).The distant metastasis rates were 66.7％(16/24) and 72％ (18/25),respectively,the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P =0.6855).The 12,24 months survival rates were 62.5％ vs 32％,37.5％ vs 12％,the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( P =0.0325,0.0380).The incidence of serious adverse events was 45.8％ and 4 0 ％ without statistical difference.Conclusions Low doses of gemcitabine chemotherapy combined with high-low oxygen radiotherapy synchronously is better than full doses of gemcitabine chemotherapy with regard to total effective rates and 12,24 months survival rates,with no obvious increase in the incidence of serious adverse events.

Objective To investigate the effects of artemin and its receptor GFRα - 3 on the invasion and metastasis of pancreatic cancer cells. Methods Human pancreatic cancer cell line MIA PaCa -2 was used in this study. Transwell cell culture chamber assay in vitro was used to detect the ability of invasion and metastasis of MIA PaCa -2 cells. The influence of artemin and GFRα -3 on the protein expression of MMP-2 and E-cadherin was investigated by Western blot and quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction-analyses (Q-RT-PCR). Results As the increase of artemin and GFRα -3, the invasion and metastasis of MIA PaCa- 2 was markedly increased [ 150 ng / ml concentration: Artemin group: 107.4 ± 11.4;GFRα3 group:94. 4 ± 9. 3 ;control group:34. 6 ± 7. 3, P < 0. 01 ]. With 150 ng / ml artemin and GFR-3,the synthesis of MMP-2 in MIA PaCa 2 cells was significantly increased than that in control group[ Artemin grou: (2. 17 ± 0. 05 ) × 108; GFRα3 group: (2. 02 ± 0. 03 ) × 108; control group: ( 1.02 ± 0. 02 ) × 108, t =6. 35,7. 32 ], while E-cadherin significantly decreased [ Artemin group: ( 0. 65 ± 0. 04 ) × 108; GFRα3 group: (0. 74 ± 0. 01 ) × 108; control group: ( 1. 36 ± 0. 03 ) × 108, t = 4. 27,5.61 ], the difference was statistically significant ( P <0. 01 ). Conclusions Artemin and its receptor GFRα3 could promote pancreatic cancer cell invasion and metastasis. This effect may be related to the up-regulated expression of MMP-2 and down regulated expression of E-cadherin.

Objective To analysis the molecular epidemiology characteristics of human Bocavirus1-4 ( HBoV 1-4) in children for diarrhea in Urumqi area.Methods Feces samples were collected from 315 in-patient and out-patient children with diarrhea at People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Xinjiang Province,China,all through the year of 2011.Using nested PCR,which amplified NS1(518 bp) fragments.Human Bocavirus1-4 were screened. Results The overall frequency of HBoVs was 8.57％ (27/315),of which 2 were HBoV1,22 were HBoV2,and 3 were HBoV3.HBoV4 was not detected.Except XJ1378,the rest of 26 strains shared 98％-100％ nucleotide sequence identity with different reference strains,but 3 HBoV3 all shared 92％ nucleotide sequence identity with gorilla BGoV12009( HM145750.1 ).Phylogeny showed that NS1 fragments of HBoV3 were closer to that of HBoV1.HBoV infection was distributing throughout the year,there was no significant seasonal.There was no difference in gender,age and ethnic.Conclusion HBoV1-3 were detected throughout the year in Urumqi area,Xinjiang,HBoV2 was dominant.

BACKGROUND:The greatest risk of osteoporosis in total knee arthroplastyisperioperative and long-term periprosthetic fractures. However, limited by the traditional concept of osteoarthritis patientswhousualy not associated with osteoporosis, domestic clinical trials have not given enough attention to the osteoporosis before total knee arthroplasty.
OBJECTIVE:To analyze the osteoporosis and its relative factors in osteoarthritis patients before total knee arthroplasty.
METHODS:Data of 81 cases (81 knees) of knee osteoarthritiswhounderwenttotal knee arthroplasty in the Department of Joint Surgery of Tianjin People’s Hospital from January 2012 to November 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. They received lumbar spine and hip bone mineral density examination before surgery. The correlation of bone mineral density with age, body mass index, knee motion range,and knee deformity was analyzed before surgery. The independent risk factors for osteoporosis before replacement were analyzed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Of 81 patients, there were normal bone mineral density in 25 cases (31%), osteopenia in 35 cases (43%),andosteoporosis in 21 cases (26%). Al 10 males had no osteoporosis and 21 in 71 female cases suffered osteoporosis (30%). Theincidence of osteoporosis in females was significantly higher than in male patients (P=0.046). (2) There was a linear correlation of bone mineral density with age and body mass index (correlation coefficientr=-0.230, 0.225). (3) The age of≥65 years and body mass index≥25 kg/m2were independent risk factors of osteoporosis before replacement (P< 0.05). (4) Patients with knee osteoarthritis had higher incidence of osteopenia and osteoporosis before total knee arthroplasty. The degree of osteoporosis was negatively correlated with age, but positively correlated with body mass index. The age of≥65 years and body mass index < 25 kg/m2were independent risk factors for preoperative osteoporosis. Thus, bone mineral density examination is essential for those patients before total knee arthroplasty.

Objective This study was carried out to compare chnical efficiency of methylprednisolone (MP) and dexamethasone (Dex) and their effects on Th cytokines in asthmatic children.Methods A total of 39 children with moderate and severe asthma at acute exacerbation were randomly divided into two groups, one (A) with MP 1 -2 mg/kg (n=21) and the other (B) with Dex 0.25 -0.75 mg/kg (n= 18),every 12 -24 h by intravenous drip.Scores of respiratory effort and peak expiratory flow rate prior to and three days after treatment in the asthmatic children aged over five years were evaluated,respectively,as well as the time of wheezing vanishing after treatment.Serum levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL-4 were determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA) prior to and three days after treatment,respectively.Results There was statistically significant difference in the time of wheezing vanishing between groups A and B (P = 0.042).Three days after treatment,PEER was significantly higher in group A than that in group B (P = 0.025).No statistically significant difference in serum IL-2 and IL-4,as well as ratio of IL-2/IL-4,was found in group B prior to and three days after treatment (P>0.05).Statistically significant difference in serum IL-2 was not observed in group B prior to and three day after treatment (P>0.05),and serum IL-4 decreased significantly (P=0.001) and ratio of serum IL-2/IL-4 (P=0.027) increased significantly three days after treatment than those prior to treatment.No significant correlation between respiratory-effort scores and ratio of serum IL-2/IL-4 prior to treatment was found (P=0.613).Conclusions Up-regulation of IL-2,or inhibition of release of IL-4,probably is not the main anti-inflammatory mechanism of dexamethasone.Methylprednisolone has little effect on serum IL-2,but can effectively reduce serum IL-4, thus increasing the ratio of serum IL-2/IL-4 and counterbalancing function of the Thl/Th2 cells.

Objective To investigate influence of exogenous insulin in all-in-one parenteral nutrition on blood glucose in infants with very low birth weight (VLBW). Methods Forty-two infants with VLBWI admitted to the department of pediatrics of Xuzhou Hospital affiliated to Southeast University during September 2005 to March 2009 were randomly assigned to Group Ⅰ ( n = 13 ) with exogenous insulin added to all-in-one parenteral nutrition at infusion rate of 0.4 U·kg-1·h-1,GroupⅡ(n = 13) with exogenous insulin at infusion rate of 0.1U·kg-1·h-1 and Group Ⅲ (n = 16) with no exogenous insulin added.Their blood glucose was monitored every two hours. Chi-square test was used for comparing difference in blood glucose abnormality between the three groups and association between blood glucose levels at admission and during hospitalization was analyzed with Spearman correlation. Results Incidence of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia was 10. 9 percent (29/265) and 18. 1 percent (48/265) in Group Ⅰ, 20. 8 percent (59/284) and 14. 1 percent (40/284) in Group Ⅱ , and 20. 5 percent (61/298) and 11.7 percent (35/298) in Group Ⅲ, respectively. There was significant difference in incidence of hyperglycemia between Groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ ( x2 = 9. 844, P = 0. 002 ) and between Groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ ( x2 = 9. 478, P = 0. 002 ), but no significant difference in it between Groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ ( x2 = 0. 008, P = 0. 928 ). There was significant difference in incidence of hypoglycemia between Groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ ( x2 = 4. 526, P =0. 033 ), but no significant difference in it between Groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (x2 =1.653, P=0. 199) or between Groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ (x2 =0.709, P =0.400).No significant correlation between endogenous blood insulin level at admission and during hospitalization( r = 0. 082, P = 0. 661 ) was found. Conclusions Blood glucose in infants with VLBW can not be regulated timely by their endogenous insulin itseff. Exogenous insulin added to all-in-one parenteral nutrition at infusion rate of 0. 1 U · kg-1 · h-1 may not significantly reduce incidence of hyperglycemia,while incidence of hypoglycemia can be reduced by exogenous insulin at infusion rate of 0. 4 U · kg- 1 · h -1 that can increase incidence of hypoglycemia Therefore, exogenous insulin is not recommended to be prophylactically added to all-in-one parenteral nutrition for infants with VLBW.

Rotavirus is the leading causal agent of severe acute gastroenteritis in children aged <5 years. A specific pharmacologic agent for the treatment of rotavirus-infected children is lacking. In China, only the Luo Tewei oral vaccine (Lanzhou Institute of Biological Products, Shanghai, China), which is produced from Lanzhou lamb rotavirus vaccine (LLR), is available. Studies have hypothesized that the genotype of LLR is G10P[12], To identify the genotype of LLR by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, we showed that the VP7 and VP4 genotypes of LLR were G10 and P[15], respectively, based on sequencing, alignment and phylogenetic analyses. In conclusion, we identified the genotype of rotavirus strain LLR to be G10P[15].
China ; Genotype ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Rotavirus ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Rotavirus Infections ; virology ; Rotavirus Vaccines ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ; Viral Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and adverse reactions of S-1 chemotherapy plus high-low oxygen radiotherapy synchronously in treatment of patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer. Methods Sixty-four patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer in Rizhao People's Hospital and the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January 2013 to October 2015 were randomly divided into study group and control group by using envelope method, in which the study group was treated with oral administration of S-1 plus high-low oxygen radiation synchronously and the control group with intravenous gemcitabine chemotherapy. The efficiency, disease control rate, clinical benefit rate, distant metastasis rate, survival rate and adverse reactions of the two groups were compared. Results The effective rates of the study group and the control group were 70.4 %(19/27)and 32.1 %(9/28),the difference was statistically significant (χ2=8.04,P<0.01), and the disease control rates were 88.9 % (24/27) and 67.9 % (19/28) (χ2= 3.56, P >0.05). The clinical benefit rates of the study group and the control group were 77.8 % (21/27) and 57.1 % (16/28) (χ2=2.66,P >0.05), and the distant metastasis rates were 63.0 %(17/27) and 71.4 %(20/28) (χ2=0.45, P > 0.05). The 1-year survival rates of the study group and the control group were 63.0 % (17/27) and 32.1 % (9/28), and the 2-year survival rates were 37.0 % (10/27) and 10.7 % (3/28), the differences were statistically significant (χ2= 5.24, P < 0.05; χ2= 5.28, P< 0.05). While there were no significant difference in the incidence of serious adverse reactions between the two groups (P> 0.05). Conclusion The treatment of locally advanced pancreatic cancer with S-1 plus high-low oxygen radiotherapy synchronously is better than that with intravenous gemcitabine chemotherapy in terms of effective rate, 1-year survival rate and 2-year survival rate,with no increase of adverse reactions.

BACKGROUND:Studies have found that glucagon-like peptide-1 and its analogues have a significant neuroprotective effect,and some drugs have been applied to the clinical stage Ⅲ study of Alzheimer's disease.However,the mechanism of its neuroprotective effect is still unclear,which needs to be further explored and clarified. OBJECTIVE:To screen out the genes related to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and the related targets of semaglutide for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease based on bioinformatics and network pharmacology analyses,to identify the potential target genes by comprehensive analysis of the two and to verify them at the cellular level. METHODS:Using DisGeNET database,differentially expressed genes between Alzheimer's disease patients and healthy population were screened out.The chemical structure formula and two-dimensional structure diagram of semaglutide were obtained using PubChem online database.GO/KEGG enrichment analysis was performed using DAVID online database.A protein-protein interaction network was constructed by using the STRING database.The HPA database was used to determine the distribution characteristics of the target proteins in various human tissues.Finally,western blot was used to detect relevant protein expression in HT22 cells after semaglutide intervention. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:With the dataset in DisGeNET database,3 374 differentially expressed genes between Alzheimer's disease patients and healthy people were obtained,and meanwhile,101 target genes of semaglutide potential drugs were obtained.There were 23 intersection genes between them.Ten key genes were identified based on the protein-protein interaction network,which were silent information regulator 1(SIRT1),CASP9,CCND1,CASP1,KEAP1,DLG4,CASP4,GRB2,GRIA1,and EDNRA.The results of GO gene functional annotation analysis of key genes showed that the positive regulatory activity of cysteine endopeptidase,the positive regulation of proteolysis,and the positive regulation of cysteine endopeptidase involved the cytoplasmic part of the apoptotic activity process;AMPA glutamate receptor complex,inflammatory complex,CARD domain binding,cysteine endopeptidase activity,and cysteine endopeptidase activity were involved in the apoptotic process.The results of KEGG signaling pathway analysis indicated that colorectal cancer,non-small cell carcinoma,and endometrial carcinoma were related to immune infiltration,inflammation and autophagic apoptosis.In addition,according to the association ranking of key genes and their distribution in different tissues of HPA online database,SIRT1 was identified as the most significant differential gene.The expression level of SIRT1 protein was significantly down-regulated in HT22 cells after β-amyloid protein 1-42 treatment,but it could be significantly increased after being treated with semaglutide.To conclude,SIRT1 may be a target gene for semaglutide in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.