Objective To understand the advanced schistosomiasis prevalence trend in Jingmen City so as to provide the evidence for improving the disease prevention and control. Methods The changes of advanced schistosomiasis prevalence were investigated and the distribution characteristics of the patients were analyzed in Jingmen City from 2004 to 2013. Results In re-cent 10 years the incidence of advanced schistosomiasis dropped from 0.014/thousand to 0.009/thousand and the regional dis-tribution of the patients did not change. The number of male patients was still more than that of female patients but more old ag-ing patients were found. The ascetic type and splenomegaly type of advanced schistosomiasis patients were the most. Conclu-sion In the next few years the advanced schistosomiasis patients Jingmen City will reduce quickly and concentrate on the ag-ing group and ascetic type.

Objective To evaluate the clinical curative effect,survival rate and adverse reactions of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy(3D-CRT )in combination with chemotherapy on lymph nodes metastasis of esophageal carcinoma.Methods Using supraclavicular 3D-CRT combined with chemotherapy on and simple 3D-CRT supraclavicular lymph node metastasis of esophageal cancer patients,3D-CRT com-bined synchronous chemotherapy (treatment group),51 cases,only 3D-CRT 49 cases (control group).3D-CRT combined synchronous chemotherapy 51 cases (treatment group),simple 3D-CRT 49 cases (control group).These patients 3D-CRT were given the total dose of 50 ~60Gy/25 ~30F.TN chemotherapy regi-mens were applied:paclitaxel 135 mg/m2 ,d1;Nedaplatin 25 mg/m2 ,d1,1 ~3,21 days cycle in fist week and fourth week.Results Local control and treatment group survival rates in 1,2 year were significantly higher than that of control group (P <0.05).Treatment group adverse reaction rate is higher than the con-trol group,but there was no statistically significant difference.Conclusions The recent curative effect and survival rate could be significantly improved by 3D-CRT joint TN synchronous chemotherapy regimen for pa-tients with supraclavicular lymph node metastasis of esophageal cancer,but the relatively high incidence of adverse reactions,clinical application should be considered comprehensively according to actual situation.

One imported endemic of schistosomiasis occurred in historical non-endemic area in Shayang County in 2006.Through the comprehensive control measures of surveillance,control of infectious sources and health education,the endemic was controlled effectively.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects of low doses gemcitabine chemotherapy combined with synchronous high-low oxygen radiotherapy in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer.Methods Fifty-six patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer were randomly divided into two groups by envelop method:radio-chemotherapy group or chemotherapy group.Patients in radio-chmotherapy group were treated with low doses of gemcitabine chemotherapy ( 600 mg/m2 ) combined with high-low oxygen radiotherapy synchronously,paients in chmotherapy group were treated with full doses of gemcitabine chemotherapy ( 1000 mg/m2).The short-term effect,distant metastasis rate,clinical benefit rate,survival rate and adverse events of two groups were observed.Results There was one patient achievedcomplete relief and 15 patients achieved partial relief in radio-chemotherapy group with an overall effective rate of 66.7％ (16/24) ; there were 9 patients achieved partial relief in chemotherapy group with an overall effective rate of 36.0％ (9/25),the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (X2 =4.6082,P =0.0318 ).The clinical benefit rates were 83.3 ％ ( 20/24 ) and 60％ ( 15/25 ),respectively,the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant ( P =0.070).The distant metastasis rates were 66.7％(16/24) and 72％ (18/25),respectively,the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P =0.6855).The 12,24 months survival rates were 62.5％ vs 32％,37.5％ vs 12％,the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( P =0.0325,0.0380).The incidence of serious adverse events was 45.8％ and 4 0 ％ without statistical difference.Conclusions Low doses of gemcitabine chemotherapy combined with high-low oxygen radiotherapy synchronously is better than full doses of gemcitabine chemotherapy with regard to total effective rates and 12,24 months survival rates,with no obvious increase in the incidence of serious adverse events.

Objective: To investigate the effect of nerve growth factor-β(NGF-β) on the proliferation and cell cycle of human pancreatic cancer MIA PaCa-2 cells. Methods: MIA PaCa-2 cells were treated with different concentrations of NGF-β and K252a (inhibitor of NGF-β receptor TrKA) alone or in combination. Clone forming rate, proliferation, and cell cycle of MIA PaCa-2 cells treated with different strategies were examined by clone formation assay, MTT, and flow cytometry, respectively. Results: NGF-β significantly increased the clone formation and proliferation of MIA PaCa-2 cells (P<0.05, P<0.01). K252a significantly inhibited the proliferation of MIA PaCa-2 cells (P<0.05), while NGF-β combined with K252a had no significant effect on the proliferation of MIA PaCa-2 cells. NGF-β arrested MIA PaCa-2 cell cycle in S phase, K252a arrested cell cycle in G_0/ G_1 phase, and NGF-β combined with K252a arrested cell cycle in S phase. Conclusion: NGF-β can enhance the proliferation of pancreatic carcinoma MIA PaCa-2 cells.

Objective To investigate the effect of different concentrations of arsenic trioxide (As2O3,ATO) on neurokinin A (NKA) in renal tissue of BXSB mice and explore its clinical value.Methods Fifty BXSB mice (twelve weeks old and weighted 23～26 g) were randomly divided into control group,systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) group,and therapeutic group of three different concentrations of ATO.All biochemical indicators were analyzed before and after treatment.The pathology of renal tissue was examined by immunohistochemistry.The concentration of NKA in renal tissues was detected by ELISA and the concentration of NKA mRNA was detected by RT-PCR.Results The concentration of NKA in SLE group in renal tissue (299±26) pg/g was significantly higher than that of normal control group (122±7) pg/g (P＜0.05).The concentration of NKA in the SLE group in renal tissue was significantly higher than that of three different concentrations of ATO in low-dose group (151±14) pg/g,moderate--dose group (147±9) pg/g and in highdose group (155±14) pg/g (P＜0.05).No difference was found between three different dosages of ATO treatment groups and normal control groups (P＞0.05).There were no significant differences among three different dosages of ATO treatment group (P＞0.05).The side effects in low-dose group were significantly lower than those of moderate and high-dosage groups (P＜0.05).Conclustion NKA concentration expressed in the renal tissues in the SLE group is higher than that in the control group.Decreasing the concentrations of NKA mRNA in renal tissues may be one of the important mechanisms of ATO in treating SLE.Low-dosage ATO is safe and effective to treat SLE and has therapeutic potentials.

BACKGROUND: Various therapies can be used to treat humeral fracture,but serious complications like bone disunion, etc. Are often left over. New biomechanical analytical methods are tried to be applied to provide new approaches for the functional prognosis in humeral fracture and bone disunion.OBJECTIVE: To construct humeral three-dimension model to explore its correlated biomechanical significance.DESIGN: To construct humeral three-dimension finite element model. SETTING: Department of orthopedics of a military medical university-affiliated hospital and institute for biological science and bioengineering of a university.PARTICIPANTS: The study was conducted in Shanghai Changhai Hospital and the Laboratory of Biological Science of Shanghai Tongji University. One piece of typical adult wet humerus sample was selected.INTERVENTIONS: Cross section image of each humeral layer was obtained from the selected wet humerus sample by CT scanning, and humeral three-dimensional model was constructed by large finite element analytic software ANSYS5.6.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Biomechanical features of the constructed humeral three-dimension mode; ② Differences from clinical reality and key similarities.RESULTS: The constructed humeral three-dimensional model vividly reflected the true humeral anatomic morphology and biomechanical behavior. Its precision was judged by the comparison with CT image.CONCLUSION: The construction of humeral three-dimension finite element model provides a precise model for the researches of normal humeral mechanical behavior and the basic mechanics of internal fixation after fracture.

BACKGROUND: The biomechanical features of Swan-like memory compression connector designed for fractures in hemerus or the parts adjacent to joints are analyzed through biomechanical calculation and experimental measurements.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relative memory biomechanieal significance through biomechanical measurement of Swan-like memory compression connectorDESIGN: Both biomechanieal calculation and the experimental measurement were conducted for mutual supplementation and confirmation SETTING: The Orthopaedic Department of Changhai Hospital Affiliated to Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA and the Life Science and Tissue Engineering Institute of Tongji University MATERIALS: This experiment was conducted at the laboratory of Orthopaedic Department of Changhai Hospital Affiliated to Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA and the Life Science and Tissue Engineering Institute of Tongji University between January 2001 and May 2003.Totally 20 hemerus from adult males who died of craniocerebral injury were chosen.METHODS: Humid hemerus from the adult corpse was chosen to prepare fracture. Encircling the prescale followed by fixation of Swan-like memory compression connector, then we measured the stress produced by compression part and encircle part at fixing the fracture.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①The stress of holding part; ② the stress of the compression part RESULTS: The stress range of holding part contacting with humerus was 2.42-22.68 N, and the stress in the fracture face, which was produced by compression part, was about 13.6 Mpa.CONCLUSION: The stress of holding part of Swan-like memory compression connector is useful in fixing the fracture parts of humerus, and the stress of compression part is suitable for the healing of fracture.

BACKGROUND: During the therapy of the fracture of humerus, the main problem is the loading direction and power of the stress.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the choice of the different loading manners using Swain Memory Compression Bone Reduction Apparatus so as to provide the clinical evidence for the set position of the internal fixation apparatus, the loading direction and power during the therapy of the fracture of humerus.DESIGN: To construct the three-dimensional finite element model of the fracture of humerus with different loading manners.SETTING: Department of Orthopaedics of Changhai Hospital of Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA; College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering of Tongji University,MATERIALS: The study was conducted during the period from January 2001 to May 2003 in the Orthopedic Laboratory of Changhai Hospital of Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA and the laboratory of Life Science and Bioengineering Academy of Tongji University. The samples of the humerus taken from the wet adult cadavers, and the Swain Memory Compression Bone Reduction Apparatuses of the corresponding size were prepared.METHODS: The CT scanning was done on the samples of the wet humerus to obtain the cross section image of each layer of the humerus.The images were analyzed by a large-scale finite element analysis software ANSYSS.6 to construct the three-dimensional model of the humerus, Swain Memory Bone Reduction Apparatus and the fixed humerus using Swain Memory Bone Reduction Apparatus.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: To get the reference values for the clinical therapy through the comparison of the power endurance with different loading manners.RESULTS: The three-dimensional model of the fixed humerus using Swain Memory Bone Reduction Apparatus reflects the real anatomical configuration and the biomechanics behavior; meanwhile the status of the power endurance of humerus with different loading manners is also obtained.CONCLUSION: The three-dimensional model of the fixed humerus using Swain Memory Bone Reduction Apparatus may provide an accurate model for the basic study of the biomechanics behavior of the normal and fixed humerus after the fracture.

BACKGROUND: The biomechanical features of arch-dental shape memory connector designed for fractures in pelvis or the parts adjacent to joints are analyzed through biomechanical calculation and experimental measurements.OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between the changes in shape of arch-dental shape memory connector and the load on it.DESIGN: Both biomechanical calculation and the experimental measurement were conducted for mutual supplementation and confirmation.SETTING: The Orthopedic Department of Changhai Hospital Affiliated to the Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA and the Life Science and Bioengineering College of Tongji University.MATERIALS:The trial was conducted from at Shanghai Changhai Hospital and Life Science Laboratory of Tongji University from April 2002 to April 2004. The subjects were arch-dental shape memory connectors.METHODS: We calculated the stress in and around the fracture face produced by arch-dental shape memory connector according to Moire principle and we also measured the changes in the shape of arch-dental shape memory connector. The relationship between load and the changes in the shape of arch-dental shape memory connector was explored.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: To explore whether the results of biomechanical calculation and those of the experimental measurement are consistent.RESULTS: Biomechanical calculation found that the relationship between the load (P) and the displacement(δ) in arch-dental shape memory connector was P = 13.69δ. The experimental measurement found that the load on the connector and the displacement were in a linear relationship.CONCLUSION: The relationship between the load and the displacement in arch-dental shape memory connector was linear within its elastic range and the biomechanical calculation results were consistent with the results of the experimental measurement.