25 ?g/L) before transplantation were followed-up following liver transplantation. Patients were divided into three groups according to the postoperative time of serum AFP below 25 ?g/L, group A (within 1 month ),group B (within 2 months ) and group C(no decreasing or rising after decreasing). Results:The average half-life time of serum AFP of recurrence group was obvious longer than that of the non-recurrence group (P

BACKGROUND:Both Ms Coat and Green OrTM desensitizers can seal dentinal tubules effectively, isolate the dentinal tubule from external stimuli and also reduce the dentinal hypersensitivity. The scholars around the world have discussed their effects from the descriptive and qualitative view.
OBJECTIVE:To quantitatively assess and compare the sealing effects of Ms Coat and Green OrTM desensitizers on dentine tubules.
METHODS:Thirty fresh human third molar samples were made into 3-mm dentin specimens that were treated with 17% EDTA for 2 minutes and randomly divided into three groups: Ms Coat group, Green OrTM group and control group with no treatment. In the former two groups, MS Coat desensitizer and Green OrTM desensitizer were applied respectively on the dentin surfaces. Scanning electron microscope was used to observe the dentin surface and longitudinal sections.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Surface observation: In the control group, al of the dentinal tubules were exposed; in the MS Coat group, it was observed that almost al the dentinal tubules were obliterated; in the Green OrTM group, the dentin tubules were covered with irregular crystaline substance and only a smal number of exposed dentine tubules were visible but narrowed obviously. (2) Longitudinal profile observation: In the control group, the dentin tubules were strip-shaped and arranged in paralel without any blockage; in the MS coat group, the tubules were covered with dense sediments, and the dentinal tubules were basicaly closed; in the Green OrTM group, there were scaly crystaline material deposited within the dentinal tubules. Dentinal diameter and number of dentinal tubules were ranked as folows: control group > Green OrTM group > MS Coat group (P < 0.05). Both Ms Coat and Green OrTM desensitizers can occlude the tubules effectively, and moreover, the MS Coat is superior to the Green OrTM.

Objective A method was developed for determination of the total triterpene glycosides in different sea cucumbers.Methods A holostane triterpene glycoside called Echinoside A was taken as the reference standard.Triterpene glycosides were reacted with vanillin and perchloric acid.The sea cucumbers were extracted by 60% ethanol and partitioned between water and n-butanol to gain the total triterpene glycosides.The contents of total triterpene glycosides in 11 kinds of sea cucumbers were determined with the standard curve.And the relationships of the triterpene glycosides content among different sea cucumber species,growth environment,process technique,etc.were discussed by the value of TG/P(triterpene glycosides content /protein content).Results The determination wavelength was confirmed to be 560nm and the standard curve was determined as y-1.3414x-0.0077.The ab-sorbance was of a good linearity in the mass range of 0-0.5mg with R2 =0.9994.The recovery of this method was(99.01?2.82)% and the relative standard deviation was 4.68%.Conclusion The method has been proved to be convenient,reliable and suitable for the analysis of triterpene glycosides in sea cucumbers.

BACKGROUND:Knee joint function limitation often occurs after internal fixation of complex femoral condyle fractures, but the mechanism and its influencing factors are also unclear.
OBJECTIVE:To screen and analyze the relevant factors of knee joint function limitation after internal fixation of complex femoral condyle fractures.
METHODS:We retrospectively summarized postoperative fol ow-up data of 6 and 12 months from 121 patients with complex femoral condyle fractures. Knee joint function recovery was evaluated according to Merchan criteria. A multiple stepwise regression analysis was carried out in terms of gender, age, causes, concomitant injuries, skin and soft tissue injury, fracture type, fixed method, operation time, postoperative plaster fixed situation, healing of postoperative incision, bone healing and postoperative functional exercises, to summarize the relevant influencing factors for knee joint function limitation.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Whether the knee joint function after internal fixation was limited acted as the dependent variable Y, and factors with statistical significance of the single factor analysis served as the independent variable X. We used the multiple stepwise regression analysis for multiple factors analysis. Results showed that the gender of patients (X1), with or without concomitant injuries (X3), soft tissue damage (X4) and operation time (X6), a total of four factors, could not be introduced into the model, suggesting that these four factors had no significant correlation with postoperative knee joint function limitation. Another eight factors could be introduced into the factor analysis model, showing that the cause of injury (X2), fracture type (X5), the choice of internal fixation (X7), with or without bone graft (X8), with or without postoperative plaster cast (X9), postoperative knee joint functional exercise or not (X10) and postoperative wound healing (X11), the degree of postoperative bone healing (X12) are closely related to postoperative knee joint function limitation in complex femoral condyles fractures.

Near infrared spectroscopy ( NIRS) is capable of determining water contents in oils. However, too much moisture contents in the oils will scatter rather than absorb the NIRS. This may cause greater measurement error. For this reason, a nonionic surfactant (Span-80) was screened to make the water in the oils evenly dispersed into small droplets. The NIRS analysis was subsequently employed to build support vector regression ( SVR ) model of the water content. In this experiments, the upper limit of the water content determination was improved from the conventional 0. 1% to 1. 0% ( V/V) by the oil-water stabilization. Applying successive projection algorithm, 15 valid variables (2. 9% of the original ones) from 511 NIRS variables were selected. With the proposed SVR model, the measurement precision criteria for the validation dataset were root mean squares error percentage 2 . 93%, correlation coefficient 0 . 9944 , and relative percent derivation 9 . 4732%.

Objective To investigate the effects of the two major conjugated linoleic acid(CLA) isomers on serum lipoprotein composition in fatty rats.Method Eighteen male OLETF rats were randomly divided into three groups.The control group fed with AIN76 diets,CLA groups were fed with 1% 9c,11t-CLA (9ct group) or 1%10t,12c-CLA (10tc group) containted AIN76 diets.After two weeks,serum triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol (TC),and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) were determined by commercial kits.On the other hand,serum lipoprotein were separated into chylomicron(CM),very low density lipoprotein(VLDL),low density lipoprotein(LDL) and HDL by HPLC according to the different particle sizes,and the TC and TG levels were measured in each lipoprotein.Results 10t,12c-CLA feeding reduced the concentrations of rat serum TG significantly,and increased the concentration of serum TC (26.1%) by increasing TC levels of the small particle size LDL and the big particle size HDL.While 9c,11t-CLA feeding increased the serum TG by 22.6%,and had no effect on the serum TC.Conclusion 10t,12c-CLA can reduce the concentration of serum TG and increase the concentration of HDL-c,but the effect on the improvement of atherosclerosis still need further investigation.

Objective: To study the antioxidative and hepatoprotective activities of low molecular fucoidan oligosaccharides(LMFO) from Laminaria japonica in mice.Methods: Mice were pretreated with LMFO(50?100?150 mg/kg ig respectively, 10 days),and then 0.2 % CCl 4 10 ml/kg ig and D-GalN(600 mg/kg)+LPS(lipopolysaccharide,1 ?g/kg) ig respectively in two model groups to induce liver injury. Liver injury was assessed by quantifying activities of plasma GPT, SOD, GSH-Px and MDA content.Results: The increase of plasma GPT activity was significantly inhibited by LMFO in two liver injury models, suggesting that LMFO had good protective effect on the hepatocytes. LMFO had good antioxidative effect in mice with liver injury induced by CCl 4 and D-GalN+LPS as indicated by decreased MDA content and increased activities of plasma SOD and GSH-Px. Conclusion: LMFO is protective against CCl 4-induced and D-GalN+ LPS induced liver injury in mice and its effect may be due to its antioxidative activities in vivo.

Objective: To study the main pharmacodynamics of Zengguang Tablets. Methods: Mice were given Zengguang Tablets orally in dosages of 0.75g/kg and 1.50 g/kg. The celiac macrophage phagocytic function and antibody formation of serum hemolysin (IgM) of mice were determined. The mouse blood vacuity model was established by injecting cyclophosphamide intraperitoneally in the dosage of 80mg/kg. Results: Zengguang Tablets could raise the celiac macrophage phagocytic function of mice and promote the antibody formation of serum hemolysin. Conclusion: Zengguang Tablets has the enhancement on organism immune function.

Objective To compare the impact of the sirolimus and tacrolimus on the tumor recurrence after liver transplantation due to HCC beyond Milan criteria.Method Sixty-one liver transplantation recipients due to HCC beyond Milan criteria,between Jan.2008 and Apri.2012,were randomized,with the informed consent,into two different immunosuppression groups: sirolimus group (n=30) and tacrolimus group (n=31).In tacrolimus group,tacrolimus was used as the basic immunosuppressant,methylprednisolone was discontinued within one month postoperatively,and mycophenolate mofetil was used within the dosage of 1.5 g/d accordingly.In sirolimus group,the immunosuppresive scheme was the same as that of the tacrolimus group within postoperative one month,and from that,tacrolimus was transferred to sirolimus.No antineoplastic agents were given before tumor recurrence.The tumor recurrence rate and the survival rate of the recipients were compared between the two groups.Result The median follow-up duration was 35.2 months (10.3～ 60.2).The tumor recurrence rate at postoperative year 1,2,3 and 4 in the sirolimus group (13.3％,36.7％,43.3％ and 53.3％) was significantly lower than that in the tacrolimus group (38.7％,67.7％,74.2％ and 77.4％),P ＜ 0.05 for all.The one-year survival rate in the recipients postoperation had no significant difference between sirolimus group and tacrolimus group (90.0％ vs.87.1％,P=0.438).The 2-,3-and 4-year survival rate in the recipients was significantly higher in the sirolimus group (53.3％,33.3％ and 20.0％) than that in the tacrolimus group (41.9％,22.6％ and 9.7％),P ＜ 0.05 for all.The liver function and renal function of the recipients at the postoperative year 1,2,3 and 4 showed no significant difference between the two groups,P＞0.05.Conclusion In comparison with tacrolimus,sirolimus could significantly reduce the tumor recurrence rate and increase the survival rate for the liver transplant recipients due to HCC beyond Milan criteria.

Aim To investigate the immunomodulatory effects of sea cucumber fucoidan ( SC-FUC) on macro-phage and the signaling pathways. Methods Cell via-bilities in response to different concentrations of SC-FUC were analyzed by MTT, phagocytosis ability was detected by neutral red,and nitric oxide ( NO) produc-tion was examined by Griess reaction kit. The mRNA expression levels of IL-6 , IL-10 , Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and related signal molecules MyD88, TRIF, NF-κB were assayed by real-time PCR. All the experi-ments were based on murine RAW264. 7 cell line. Re-sults SC-FUC could promote RAW264 . 7 cell prolif-eration, phagocytosis as evidenced by uptake of neutral red and release of NO. The effects were significant at the early stage (6 h and 12 h) . SC-FUC could up-reg-ulate the expression of IL-6 , IL-10 , TLR4 , TLR5 , TLR9. Moreover, mRNA expressions of TLRs signaling molecules were increased, as well as MyD88, TRIF, NF-κB. Conclusions SC-FUC could activate macro-phage, and then promote the immune function by pro-moting production or expression of NO, IL-6, IL-10. It is speculated to be relevant to activated cell surface re-ceptors in macrophage, including TLR4, TLR5, TLR9, and NF-κB signaling pathways.