The pathological changes and morphological features of fibrinous membrane formation on the posterior chamber lens were studied in rabbits with Irj ght microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. It was found that there were fibrinous membrane, inflammatory cells and pigment deposits on the intraocular lens (IOL) surface. On the 1st postoperative day fi rinous membrane on IOL was formed, on the 7th postoperative day enlarged markedly, on the 14th postoperative day reduced in size. It is und fothat the fibrinous exudate is the basic constituent of the membrane. The membrane on the surface of IOL is composed of fibrin along with macrophages, fibroblastlike cells and giant cells,and eventually fibrosis occurs. The fibrinous membrane and inflmmatory cells on IOL accumulate primarily on the lens edge, optical portion, positioning hole of IOL, and haptic-optic junction. It is suggestedthat fibrinous membrane formation on IOL is closely related to the irritation of PMMA IOL, the breakdown of blood-aqueous barrier and the immune response.

Drug-induced lupus (DIL) is a lupus-like illness that has been recognized as a side effect of over 80 drugs since its first description in association with sulfadiazine in 1945. The epidemiology and clinical course of idiopathic systemic lupus erythematosus and DIL differ markedly, and prognosis is generally favorable in the latter although occasional life-threatening cases have been reported in the literature. Constant pharmacovigilance is crucial for prompt diagnosis and cessation of offending therapy, hence achieving the best outcome. This review discusses the clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of DIL so as to call for vigilance of medical workers.

A high sensitive and selective imprinted electrochemical sensor based on cobalt nanoparticles/gra-phene modified carbon electrode was prepared by electropolymerization technqiue with p-tert-octylphenol as the template and pyrrole as the functional monomer. The electrochemical behaviors of the imprinted sensor were evaluated with cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry. The response currents of the imprinted electrochemical sensor exhibited a linear relationship toward the negative logarithm of p-tert-octylphenol concentrations ranged from 1. 0í10-13 mol/L to 1. 0í10-7 mol/L (R2=0. 994) with the detection limit of 3 . 7í10-14 mol/L ( S/N=3 ) . The imprinted electrochemical sensor was respectively applied to the determina-tion of p-tert-octylphenol in rain water, lake water and drink with the recoveries of 92. 4%-102. 0%.

Objective:To investigate the short-term and long-term effects of occlusal rehabilitation on the co-contractration patterns of masticatory muscles of patients with extensive tooth wear.Methods: Twenty-nine patients with severe tooth wear were selected and conducted with occlusal rehabilitation.The surface electromyography(EMG) of masseter(MM),anterior temporalis(TA) and posterior temporalis(TP) at rest position,during clenching and chewing were separately recorded in the stage of pre-treatment,1 month after temporary restoration,1 month after permanent restoration and long-term observation(mean 3.5 years).The Asymmetry Indexes(AI) of bilateral muscles,Activity Indexes of MM/TA,MM/TP and TA/TP were compared in each stage.Results:(1) After occlusal rehabilitation,all the AIs of bilateral MM,TA and TP at rest position,during clenching and chewing showed obvious decrements.(2) In every stage of occlusal rehabilitation,all of the Activity Indexes of MM/TA at rest position,during clenching and chewing had no obvious changes.(3) The Activity Indexes of MM/TP and TA/TP during clenching and chewing significantly increased after occlusal rehabilitation.Conclusion: The treatment of occlusal rehabilitation can significantly improve the bilateral symmetry of masticatory muscles in patients with extensive tooth wear,and also change the coordinated EMG activity of different masticatory muscles.

Objective To realize objectification and detailed quantification of palpation.Metbods A kind of automatic palpation device was developed to meet the needs of safeand easy operation,technique simulation,and multi-parameter monitoring in real time.Results This device mainly consisted of programmable controller and its analog-to-digital converter module,mechanical positioning device,pressing device,force testing device and hand-held touch screen,and it was designed to be operated by attenders independently.The device could collect multiple data including force,time and distance in the process of palpation,and monitor the force thresholds of pressing responses at all levels to achieve desired effects.Conclusion This device can be used in the automatic palpation for suitable body areas,especially in the comprehensive observation of acupoint-pressing responses or soft tissue tenderness.

Objective To evaluate the functional recovery of unstable ankle fractures prospectively after early weight-bearing and cast immobilization. Methods From October 2003 to October 2007, 100 patients who had sought medical management in our department for unstable ankle fractures were enrolled in this prospective study. All patients were treated with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), according to the AO/ASIF principles. They were randomized into 2 even groups, one receiving early weight-bearing and the other cast immobilization. The functional recovery was evaluated in terms of Olernd score, Tegner score, pain intensity[merical rating scale (NRS)], full weight-bearing time, return-to-work time, and hospital stay time. Results Forty-six patients in early weight-bearing group and 45 patients in immobilization group finished follow-ups. There was no difference in Olernd score, Tegner score or NRS between the 2 groups, and all pa-tients got a good Olerud score and returned to work. Total weight-beating time in early weight-beating group was 4 weeks less than in immobilization group. Conclusion Early weight-bearing may be recommended for patients who have got a stable osteosynthesis of their fractured ankles as judged by their responsible surgeons, fine compliance, and a high motivation.

Objective To compare the therapeutic effects of minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy(MPCNL) and retroperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotomy(RLUL) in the management of impacted upper ureteral calculi.Methods A total of 72 patients with unilateral impacted upper ureteral calculi were treated with MPCNL(n=45) or RLUL(n=27).The operation time,clearance rate of the stone,and the incidence of postoperative hyperpyrexia were statistically analyzed.Results All the operations were completed.As compared to the RLUL group,the MPCNL group had a significant shorter operation time [(43?9) minutes vs(69?17) minutes,t=-11.564,P=0.000].On the day after the operation,both the groups showed a stone clearance rate of 100%.No significant difference was detected in the rate of postoperative hyperpyrexia between the two groups [13.3%(6/45) vs 11.1%(3/27),?2=0.000,P=1.000).The patients were followed up for 1 to 24 months(mean,8 months),none of them developed ureteral stricture or recurrent stones during the period.Conclusion Both MPCNL and RLUL are safe,effective,and feasible for impacted upper ureteral calculi.

Purpose. This paper studies the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) levels in aqueous humor after traumatic cataract extraction and posterior chamber (PC) intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in rabbits,and discusses the effect of TNF on postoperative anterior ocular inflammation.Methods. Twenty-seven pigmented rabbits were divided into three groups: for the first group, the IOL were placed in the capsular bag after traumatic cataract extraction; for the second, the Extracapsular cataract extraction without IOL implantation; and for the third, the control group without surgical intervention. On the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th day postoperatively, aqueous humor samples were obtained. A modified double antibodies indirect sandwich ELISA was used to detected for the presence of TNF. The data were studied by means of analysis of variance in SAS software.Result. The TNF level was increased in aqueous humor and reached its maximum on the 1st postoperative days after traumatic cataract extraction and PC IOLs implantation, and the TNF levels are significantly higher (P＜0.05) on the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th day postoperatively in traumatic cataract extraction and PC IOL implanted group than that in the non-surgical-intervention group and extracapsular cataract extraction group.Conclusions. The increase of TNF levels had a close relationship with presence of the IOL itself which induces the secretion of TNF. This suggested that TNF as the principal mediators of immunological and inflammatory responses, so that may play critical role in anterior ocular inflammative response after traumatic cataract extraction and IOL implantation.

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is the second most common intrahepatic primary liver tumor after hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Epidemiological study suggests a strong correlation between HBV infection and ICC development.This review focused on the potential mechanisms of HBV-induced ICC and gives a primary summary of suggested hypothesis,which included:(1) HBV infection of liver stem/progenitor cells will indirectly lead to HBV infection of intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells and lead to the development of ICC; (2) the changed microenvironment of intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells by HBV infection eventually results in carcinogenesis ; (3) the HBV infection of hepatic sten/progenitor cell can transform into tumor-like stem cells and ultimately differentiate into ICC-like tumor cells.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristic and provide therapeutic techniques of maxillofacial trauma in the elderly. Methods Geriatric maxillaofacial trauma patients admitted to our hospital from January 1992 to December 2002 was retrospectively reviewed. Data were collected according to etiology, location, comorbidities, associated injuries, therapeutic methods and the outcome. The patients were compared with a control group consisting of 200 young and adult patients admitted at the same period. Results For the 126 geriatric trauma patients, the major causes were traffic accidents(61.1%) and violence assault(25.4%). A large proportion of facial injuries occurred on the lower part of the face. 69.1% of the patients presented with preexisting diseases. Most of the fractures were not treated(35.7%). The length of hospitalization and ICU stay were relatively longer when compared with the control group(P