Objective To study the effects of peroxisome prolifterator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonist on the expression of ICAM-1 mRNA in the ischemia-reperfusion brain tissues. Methods Adult male SD rats were randomly divided into: sham-operation + normal saline group (NS,n = 6 ), ischemia-reperfusion tion. The expression of ICAM-1mRNA was measured by RT-PCR at 24 h after ischemia. Results The expression of ICAM-1 mRNA of the low-dose PGZ group (0.571±0.032) and the high-dose PGZ group (0. 396±0.024)were significantly reduced compared with that of the I/R + NS group (0.847±0. 028 ) (P<0.05).Conclusion PPARγ agonists can downregulate the the expression of ICAM-1mRNA in the ischemia brain tissue.

Glioma is the commonest intracranial tumor,and it accounts for almost half of intracranial tumors. Because the growth of most gliomas is invasive and operation results are not satisfactory,sometimes radiotherapies are necessary. Since the early years of last century, brachytherapy has been developing very fast along with inventions of new medical equipments. After 1980s,125I seeds have been widely used in many countries and partly replaced routine radiotherapies because of their good therapy results. 125I-seed-brachytherapy has already become an important treatment for brain gliomas. This article reviewed the present situation of brain gliomas treated by 125I seeds.

To investigate the clinical characteristics of hypertension in patients with primary aldosteronism (PA), 112 cases of PA confirmed by pathological examination after operation were studied retrospectively. These included 111 cases of PA with unilateral adrenal adenoma and 1 case of bilateral adrenal adenoma. Incidence of hypertension in patients with PA was 100%. 14 3%, 37 5% and 48 2% of patients were at stage 1, 2 and 3 of hypertension, respectively. No relationship between hypertension and the age or duration of hypertension and the size of tumor. Complications of hypertension were found in 31 3% of patients with PA. Stroke was found in 4 5% patients, 3 6% patients with cerebral hemorrhage and 0 9% patients with cerebral infarction. Coronary artery disease as myocardial infarction was found in 1 8% of patients. Proteinuria and renal insufficiency were found in 22 3% of patients and 2 7% of patients, respectively. Complications of hypertension were independent of the age, duration of hypertension, the size of tumor, or preoperative highest systolic pressure and diastolic pressure. 83 9% of patients had taken antihypertensive drugs before operation, and 46 5% of patients still had persistent hypertension after operation. The results suggested that the incidence of hypertension in patients with PA was extremely high, and the majority of patients were suffering from moderate and severe hypertension. Complications of hypertension were common in patients with PA. Hypertension was difficult to control by using antihypertensive drugs before operation, and still persisted after operation in some of the patients with PA.

Intravenous thrombolysis is the only treatment that has the evidence of evidence-based medicine in acute ischemic stroke. However, the narrow time window has limited the treatment opportunities of many patients. Transcranial ultrasound thrombolysis is a very promising thrombolysis-assisted method, and transcranial ultrasound plus microbubble-assisted thrombolysis is the research hotspot in recent years. At present, more suitable ultrasonic instruments for thrombolysis and a number of ways of ultrasound-assisted thrombolysis are being developed.

Objective To evaluate the clinical diagnostic contribution of 18 F-FDG PET/CT in giant cell arteritis with initial presentation as fever of unknown origin (FUO).Methods Eight cases with initial presentation as FUO diagnosed with the contribution of PET/CT were retrospectively studied in Peking Union Medical College Hospital.The radiologic manifestations of PET/CT were analyzed.Results Eight patients (4 men and 4 women) with average (63 ± 7) years (range from 55-75 years) were included in our study based on the criteria.Non-specific clinical symptoms were common in these patients,including fatigue,night sweat and weight loss.They all suffered from anemia of chronic disease.Not surprisingly,the inflammatory parameters were elevated significantly in all patients.The medical history,physical examination and routine lab and radiologic examinations couldn't reveal the causes of fever.PET/CT was performed in all of them,which demonstrated intense 18F-FDG uptake in the area of aorta and its major branches with maximal standard uptake value (SUVmax) 2.1-4.6 (3.6 ± 0.9).Immunosuppressive agents were effective to control the inflammation activity.The SUV decreased significantly after treatment in the follow-up PET/CT.Conclusions PET/CT has demonstrated high yield of diagnostic contribution in giant cell arteritis with initial presentation as fever of unknown origin.As to elderly FUO patients presenting with prominent inflammatory reaction,PET/CT may provide potential value to differentiate diagnosis from maligancies.

Objective:To determine the proper dosage of ~(125)I seed for brachytherapy of malignant glioma.Methods: C6 malignant glioma cell line was implanted subcontaneously in 24 female BALB/c nude mice and mice were allowed to grow till the diameter of the tumor reached 11 mm(7 ml),and then the mice were randomly divided into 4 groups:control group(without therapy),blank seed group,0.4 mCi(14.8 MBq) ~(125)I seed group and 0.8 mCi(29.6 MBq) ~(125)I seed group(seeds in the latter 3 groups were implanted into the center of the tumor).The growth of the tumor was observed and the growth curve was drawn.Mice were then killed and tumor specimen was obtained for H-E staining.Cell apoptosis was observed with flow cytometry and the expression of p53 protein was dectected with immunohistochemical method.Results: The tumor volume of 0.4mCi group was smaller than those of control group and blank seed group(P

AIM: To establish a capillary GC-FID programmed temperature method for determining eugenol in Bawei Tanxiang Pills(Lignum Santali Albi, Flos Caryophylii, etc.). METHODS: Chromatography was performed on a 25m?0.25mm(0.25?m film thickness), SE-54 fused-silica capillary column coupled with a FID-detector. The internal standard was cyclohexanone. RESULTS: A good linearity was obtained in the range of 0.25?g～8?g of Eugenol with a correlation coefficient of 0.9993. The average recovery was 96.5%, the RSD was 2.4%. CONCLUSION: The established method was provided to be a reliable quantitative method for quality control of Bawei Tanxiang Pills.

Objective:This study aims to analyze the differences in the alternative splicing pattern of ADAR2 among glioma cell lines U87, U251, A172, and normal human astrocyte HA1800. Methods:A-to-I editing level at the Q/R-Site of GluR-2 was analyzed by RT-PCR and sequencing. Real-time PCR was performed to detect the expression level of each alternatively splicing variant using a specific primer that was confirmed to amplify only the targeted template and not other alternatively spliced variant fragments. Results:We verified that the Q/R-Site of GluR-2 is under-edited in glioma cell lines. Real-time PCR revealed that the ADAR2 pre-mRNA splic-ing pattern has no significant difference at exons 1a and 2 between glioma cell lines and normal human astrocyte. We also detected that the amount of alternative splicing variants, including exon 5a, was higher than that of alternative splicing variants not including exon 5a in human glioma cell lines. However, the expression of alternative splicing variants, including exon 5a, was lower than that of alterna-tive splicing variants not including exon 5a in human astrocyte. Conclusion:Evident differences in splicing were observed at the site of exon 5a between glioma cell lines and normal human astrocytes. The difference in the alternatively splicing pattern at exon 5a may be attributed to the decreased activity of ADAR2.

Objective To access the long-term efficacy and safety of immunosuppression on the progression of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) by Meta analysis.Methods Databases EMBASE,Pubmed,Elsevier Science Direct,Scopus,Web of Science,Google Scholar,Cochrane Library,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,WanFang and VIP Data were retrieved to collect the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) at least 3 years follow-up on immunosuppression for IgAN published before May 2014.The literatures were screened independently by two reviewers according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,and the methodological quality was assessed.Statistic software Stata 12.0 was used to conduct analysis.Results Nine articles were included in this study with a total of 568 patients.Immurnosuppression could lowered the risk for the progression to ESRD (RR=0.32,95％CI:0.20-0.49,P ＜ 0.01).As far as the efficacy of immunosuppression,subgroup analysis indicated that three studies with more than 7 year follow-up (RR=0.28,95％CI:0.13-0.59,P ＜ 0.01) were similar with 7 studies followed by for less than 7 years (RR=0.34,95％ CI:0.19-0.59,P＜0.01); six adopted immunosuppressor monotherapy (RR=0.29,95％ CI:0.15-0.58,P＜ 0.01) were similar to two used corticosteroids plus other immunosuppression (RR=0.33,95％CI:0.18-0.59,P ＜ 0.01); There were no significant differences between four studies from Europe (RR=0.27,95％CI:0.14-0.53,P ＜ 0.01) and five from Asia (RR=0.35,95％ CI:0.19-0.65,P＜0.01).Immunosuppression was associated with an increased risk for adverse events (RR=2.33,95％ CI:1.33-4.09,P＜0.01).Conclusion Immunosuppression for IgAN may reduce long-term risk of progression to ESRD,but increase the risk of adverse events to some extent.

Objective To observe the effect of Shengji corium elephatis mastic in treating chronic refractory skin ulcer, and analyze its preliminary mechanism. Methods Totally 62 patients with chronic refractory skin ulcer in granulation stage were randomly divided into two groups, 32 cases of treatment group were treated with Shengji corium elephatis mastic, and 30 cases of control group were treated with Vaseline gauze. All patients were treated for 4 weeks. The rate of wound healing, wound reduction ratio and wound secretion level of VEGF were observed. Results The cure rate and the total effective rate between the two groups had significant difference (P<0.05). After 2 weeks treatment, the mean wound reduction area of treatment group and control group was 82.31%and 66.32%respectively. After 4 weeks treatment, the mean wound reduction area of treatment group and control group was 90.35%and 78.7%respectively, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After 1, 2 and 3 weeks treatment, the treatment group had significant difference with the control group in wound secretion VEGF level (P<0.05). Conclusion Shengji corium elephatis mastic can promote wound healing of chronic refractory skin ulcer. The possible mechanism is that Shengji corium elephatis mastic promotes the generation of VEGF in wound thus promotes wound repair.