DNA methylation is one of the most common epigenetic events in eukaryotic cell.Aberrant DNA methylation is tightly related to tumorigenesis.Recent evidence indicates that DNA methylation is a promosing biomarker for cancer.The cancer-associated DNA methylation events could be detected from serum(plasma),urine,stool and bronchoalveolar lavage,providing a new choice for noninvasive cancer diagnosis.In this review,we summarized the advances on DNA methylation for noninvasive cancer diagnosis.

To observe the therapeutic effect of Naohuandan Capsule (mainly composed of Radix Ginseng, Radix Rehmanniae Preparata,etc.) in treating mild and moderate cases of vascular dementia (VD).Forty five cases of VD, which are subjected to the diagnostic standard of American Association of Psychiatry (DSM Ⅳ), were randomly allocated to two groups for a 3-month treatment course. Group A (n=22) was treated with Naohuandan Capsule and Group B (n=23) with Naofukang Tablet. Therapeutic effect was evaluated by scoring of mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and activity of daily living (ADL) and serum levels of estradiol (E 2) and testosterone (T) were also observed.Scores of MMSE and ADL were increased, E 2 and T levels were elevated and the ratio of E 2/T was decreased in Group A(P0 05). [Conclusion]Naohuandan Capsule has a definite effect in preventing and treating VD and its mechanism may be related to the increase of E 2 and T levels, decrease of E 2/T ratio and the regulation of neuroendocrine function.

Two famous historical events which lead to the establishment of the medical ethics committee are presented in this article. We discuss the significance of the medical ethics committee and put forward 5 propositions to enhance the developing of the committee. Firstly, overcome the scruple and accelerate the construction of the medical ethics committee. Secondly, seek for the ethics spirit from the traditional culture, and establish the principles and the conception correspondingly. Thirdly, be creative and try to adapt to the promotion of medicine and society. Fourthly, strengthen the training of bioethics. Finally, promote the communication between ethics review committees.

Objective To determine and compare the complete sequence of COII gene from Anopheles sinensis, Aedes albopictus and Culex quinquefasciatus and to identify the molecular homology among these mosquitoes. Methods The recombinant plasmids including COII gene from the three species of mosquitoes were obtained by the T A cloning technique,and the COII genes were sequenced and analyzed. Results The homology of the COII gene nucleotide sequence and the deduced amino acid sequence of COII among the three species of mosquitoes varied from 84.1% to 87.9% and from 85.1% to 89.5%, respectively. The C+G content of COII gene was 23.2%-24.9%, the frequency of transversion higher than that of transition. Conclusion Aedes albopictus and Culex quinquefasciatus are closely related species at their COII molecular level according to COII gene.

OBJECTIVE To summarize and analyze of various consequences caused by clinical vacuum blood sampling. METHODS The data taken from 4000 cases after with vacuum blood sampling were analyzed. RESULTS The unqualified rate of vacuum blood sampling apparatus was 0.1%. There were 12 defect blood sampling cases, and there was no puncture hurt, and infection. CONCLUSIONS Internationally standardized vacuum blood sampling is safe and reliable. A strict guideline applied in vacuum blood sampling is able to control medical cross infections.

Objective To promote the understanding and diagnostic acuity of Hirayama disease by studying the features of electromyogram (EMG) and nerve conduction. Methods EMG was performed in 33 patients with Hirayama disease. Surface electrode was applied to examine the median nerve, cubital nerve, musculospiral nerve and part of the popliteal nerve, and the motor nerve conduction velocity (MCV), distal motor latency (DML) and the amplitude of compound muscle action potential (CMAP) were recorded. The sensory nerve conduction velocity (SCV) was also examined in the median nerve, cubital nerve and part of the sural nerve. Results The neurogenic abnormalities were detected in extremity muscles, with exception of brachioradial muscle, of upper limbs. In all the 33 patients damage was found on the illness-side and 97.0% on the contralateral side. One patient was found to have neurogenic abnormality of brachioradial muscle and 4 of proximal muscles, including 1 in whom muscle of lower limbs was involved. EMG abnormality rate of distal muscles (89.9%) was significantly higher than that of the proximal muscles of upper limbs (6.7%) and also muscles of lower limbs (1.7%). EMG also showed that there was delayed distal motor latency (DML) and decreased wave amplitude of compound muscle action potential (CMAP) in the nerves of upper limbs. statistically significant difference was found between the CMAP amplitude of affected limb (2.52?1.83mV) and the contralateral upper limb (9.82?3.57mV) by the detection of ulnar nerve conduction, while no difference and no nerve block were found between the DML of affected limb (4.25?1.33ms) and the contralateral upper limb (3.28?0.36ms). Conclusions Electrophysiological changes may be detected in some patients with subclinical Hirayama disease, of which the electrophysiological test is valuable in establishing early diagnosis.

Objective To calculate the maximum ability of the mobile medical team ( MMT) to treat the wounded in order to provide reference for wartime medical support .Methods The flow of casualties between the main units in an MTT is described,data on training is collected through video analysis and questionnaires , the workflow of each unit above is mod-eled by the method of operational research using WINQSB software , and the theoretical maximum value is obtained .Results The theoretical maximum ability of a typical MMT to deal with the wounded is 322 per day when all the function units are operating at full load .Conclusion Under new circumstances , data on an MMT are different from those in the past .Reason-able organization is needed to increase the efficiency while the amount of evacuation should be maximized .

Objective To study the characteristics of peripheral nerve conduction (PNC) in advanced-stage amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients undergoing mechanical ventilation.Methods The sensory conduction velocity (SCV),motor conduction velocity(MCV),distal motor latency(DML) and amplitude of compound muscle action potential(CMAP) were determined in three ALS patients undergoing mechanical ventilation.The clinical data and PNC characteristics of the patients were analyzed.Results The 12 motor nerves were abnormal in all the three patients,including absence of responsive wave (66.7%,8/12),decreased amplitude of CMAP(33.3%,4 /12),prolongation of DML(16.7%,2 /12) and reduction of MCV(16.7%,2 /12).The CMAP amplitude of patients gradually decreased with the progression of disease,and finally led to adverse reactions.The SCV and amplitude of sensory nerve action potential were normal in all the three patients.Conclusion ALS patients undergoing mechanical ventilation may have severely damaged motor nerve conduction,and their sensory nerve is generally not affected,with the specific reason remains to be further studied.

Objective:To study the relationship between an interpersonal climate of universities and teachers' mental health by self-made Scale of Interpersonal Climate (SIC).Methods:532 teachers from 16 universities all over the country were randomly chosen and assessed with SRHMS and SIC.Results: ①The better interpersonal climates of universities covered around 68.8% ; the most harmonious interpersonal relationships covered 72.4% ; worse interpersonal attitude, worse interpersonal interaction and worse interpersonal distance covered 44.5%,44.5% and 46.1% respectively ; the general feelings towards mental health of teachers in universities were better (the bad self-assessment、the medium self-assessment and better self-assessment are 9.0%,56.1% and 34.9% respectively ) . ② There was prominent positive correlation between universities' interpersonal climate and teachers' mental health(r=0.44). Meanwhile there was prominent negative correlation between negative emotion and interpersonal interaction, interpersonal harmony and interpersonal attitude(r=-0.25,-0.30,-0.30), but there was prominent positive correlation between negative emotion and interpersonal distance(r=0.24). ③ There was very distinct regression between interpersonal interaction and mental health, interpersonal harmony and mental health(?=0.28、0.22).Conclusions: The general feelings towards mental health of teachers in universities are better;There are close relationships between interpersonal climates of universities and teachers' mental health, and interpersonal interaction and interpersonal harmony play a brilliant role in mental health regression , they are the positive predictable factors to teachers' mental health.